2 resultados para Funcionario publico

em Université de Montréal, Canada


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La plupart des personnes qui émigrent au Québec le font à travers un processus administratif qui sélectionne celles qui sont estimées le plus capables de s’intégrer à la société québécoise et dont les compétences professionnelles sont le plus susceptibles d’être économiquement rentabilisées par le pays. Au terme de ce processus, ces personnes sélectionnées obtiennent la résidence permanente. Avant même leur entrée sur le territoire québécois, elles échangent des documents avec les ministères canadien et québécois de l’immigration et passent une entrevue de sélection avec un fonctionnaire, entre autres démarches. Une fois au Québec, elles poursuivent ce processus en suivant des cours de formation sur la culture et les valeurs québécoises. À l’appui d’une approche ethnographique, ce mémoire plonge dans l’expérience de quelques-uns de ces immigrants, pour comprendre la façon dont l’État s’actualise au cours de ses relations avec les individus. Ce travail rend compte de la manière dont, dans le cadre de procédures qui se développent sous une matrice d’hospitalité, l’attribution de la catégorie de « résident permanent » ainsi que les interactions face-à-face configurent un espace bureaucratique structuré par des références à la culture. À travers le processus de sélection, les individus deviennent ainsi les « eux » d’un « nous » Québécois ou Canadiens. Le désir d’intégrer ces immigrants devient réalité au prix de leur construction comme Autres.

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Taken as a policy framework, active aging ranks high on most supranational bodies’ agenda. The new political economy of aging portrays “active” citizenship amongst seniors as a key challenge for the years to come. Our research focuses on, first, elderly women’s everyday ‘active’ practices, their meaning and purpose, in the context of Quebec’s active aging policy framework; and second, their day-to-day practical citizenship experiences. Informed by discourse analysis and a narrative approach, the life stories of women 60 to 70 years of age allowed for the identification of a plethora of distinctive old age activity figures. More specifically, four activity figures were identified by which respondents materialize their routine active practices, namely: (1) paid work; (2) voluntary and civic engagement; (3) physical activity; and (4) caregiving. Set against Quebec’s active aging policy framework, these patterns and set of practices that underpin them are clearly in tune with government’s dominant perspectives. Respondents’ narratives also show that active aging connotes a range of ‘ordinary’ activities of daily living, accomplished within people’s private worlds and places of proximity. Despite nuances, tensions and opposition found in dominant public discourse, as well as in active aging practices, a form of counter-discourse does not emerge from respondents’ narratives. To be active is normally the antithesis of immobility and dependence. Thus, to see oneself as active in old age draws on normative, positive assumptions about old age quite difficult to refute; nevertheless, discourses also raise identity and relational issues. In this respect, social inclusion issues cut across all active aging practices described by respondents. Moreover, a range of individual aims and quests underpin activity pattern. Such quests express respondents’ subjective interactions with their social environment; including their actions’ meaning and sense of social inclusiveness in old age. A first quest relates to personal identity and social integration to the world; a second one concerns giving; a third centers on the search for authenticity; whereas the fourth one is connected to a desire for freedom. It is through the objectivising of active practices and related existential pursuits that elderly woman recognize themselves as active citizens, rooted in the community, and variously contributing to society. Accordingly, ‘active’ citizenship experiences are articulated in a dialogic manner between the dimensions of ‘doing’, ‘active’ social practices, and ‘being’ in relation to others, within a context of interdependence. A proposed typology allows for the modeling of four ‘active’ citizenship figures. Overall, despite the role played by power relations and social inequality in structuring aging experiences, in everyday life ‘old age citizenship’ appears as a relational process, embedded in a set of social relations and practices involving individuals, families and communities, whereby elderly women are able to express a sense of agency within their social world.