Respecting Priorities when Assigning Students to Schools

We consider the problem of assigning students to schools on the basis of priorities. Students are allowed to have equal priority at a school. We characterize the efficient rules which weakly/strongly respect students’ priorities. When priority orderings are not strict, it is not possible to simply break ties in a fixed manner. All possibilities of resolving the indifferences need to be considered. Neither the deferred acceptance algorithm nor the top trading cycle algorithm successfully solve the problem of efficiently assigning the students to schools whereas a modified version of the deferred acceptance algorithm might. In this version tie breaking depends on students’ preferences.

The Efficiency of Collective Bargaining in Public Schools.

This paper develops a bargaining model of wage and employment determination for the public sector. the solution to the model generates structural wage and employment equations that are estimated using data from New York State teacher-school district collective bargaining agreements.

"Breaking the Silence: International conference on the Indian residential schools commission of Canada" ; "Briser le silence: Colloque international sur la commission de vérité et de réconciliation sur les pensionnats indiens".

This is the full audio recording of the "Breaking the silence : International conference on the Indian residential schools commission of Canada" that took place at the University of Montreal on September 26-27, 2008. Enregistrement audio complets du colloque "Briser le silence" sur la Commission de vérité et de réconciliation sur les pensionnats indiens, ayant eu lieu à Montréal les 26 et 27 septembre 2008.

The ethical dilemma of lifestyle change: designing for sustainable schools and sustainable citizenship

his paper explores how participation and sustainability are being addressed by architects within the Building Schools for the Future (BSF) programme in the UK. The intentions promoted by the programme are certainly ambitious, but the ways to fulfil these aims are ill-explored. Simply focusing on providing innovative learning technologies, or indeed teaching young people about physical sustainability features in buildings, will not necessarily teach them the skills they will need to respond to the environmental and social challenges of a rapidly changing world. However, anticipating those skills is one of the most problematic issues of the programme. The involvement of young people in the design of schools is used to suggest empowerment, place-making and to promote social cohesion but this is set against government design literature which advocates for exemplars, standard layouts and best practice, all leading to forms of standardisation. The potentials for tokenistic student involvement and conflict with policy aims are evident. This paper explores two issues: how to foster in young people an ethic towards future generations, and the role of co-design practices in this process. Michael Oakeshott calls teaching the conversation of mankind. In this paper, I look at the philosophy of Hannah Arendt, Emmanuel Levinas, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Luce Irigaray to argue that investigating the ethical dilemmas of the programme through critical dialogue with students offers an approach to meeting government objectives, building sustainable schools, and fostering sustainable citizenship.

Ethical Principles as a Guide in Implementing Policies for the Management of Food Allergies in Schools

This article represents a prime example of applied ethics in public health policy development. The article provides guidance on the development of food allergy policies for child care settings based on core ethical principles in bioethics and public health ethics.

Conflict of Interest Policies at Canadian Universities and Medical Schools: Some Lessons from the AMSA PharmFree Scorecard

Article

Développement des connaissances et compétences alimentaires, culinaires et nutritionnelles chez les jeunes : le cas des Brigades Culinaires.

Contexte. Depuis quelques décennies, on constate une diminution des occasions d’observer et de transmettre le savoir-faire culinaire aux jeunes encourageant une évolution des compétences culinaires. Cette évolution a un impact sur les choix alimentaires des jeunes et probablement sur la santé de la population. Afin d’initier les adolescents des écoles secondaires du Québec à la cuisine et de les aider à développer leur autonomie alimentaire, un programme parascolaire de 24 ateliers culinaires, les Brigades Culinaires, a été initié par la Tablée des Chefs. Objectifs. L’objectif principal est d’évaluer l’atteinte d’objectifs spécifiques d’éducation nutritionnelle, culinaire et alimentaire visés par les ateliers, et de mesurer le potentiel des ateliers pour éveiller l’intérêt des jeunes pour un choix de carrière relié à la cuisine, à la nutrition ou à l’agriculture. Méthode. Lors du projet 2013-2014, une collecte de données à l’aide de deux questionnaires a été réalisée. Un questionnaire « pré », distribué en début d’année scolaire, a permis de mesurer les connaissances et l’intérêt de futurs participants à l’égard de l’alimentation, de la nutrition et de la cuisine. Un questionnaire « post », distribué aux participants des Brigades Culinaires à la fin des ateliers, a permis de mesurer l’atteinte des objectifs spécifiques en nutrition, cuisine et alimentation. L’intérêt des jeunes pour un choix de carrière relié à la cuisine, à la nutrition ou à l’agriculture a aussi été mesuré à deux reprises. Les données ont été analysées avec SPSS pour générer des statistiques descriptives. Le projet 2013-2014 regroupait 33 écoles à travers le Québec. Ce projet a reçu une approbation éthique par le Comité d’éthique de la recherche en santé de la faculté de médecine de l’Université de Montréal (CERES) et a reçu l’appui financier de Québec en Forme. Résultats. Les résultats des mesures d’évaluation colligées (325 questionnaires pré et 197 questionnaires post) auprès des jeunes participants aux Brigades Culinaires sont très prometteurs. Notamment, pour 68 % des objectifs de développement de connaissances en cuisine, la majorité des participants affichent des apprentissages. Il en est de même pour 82 % des objectifs de développement d’autres apprentissages alimentaires. Les participants ont un grand intérêt pour l’emploi dans des secteurs associés à la cuisine (67 %), la nutrition (39 %) et l’agriculture (25 %) et leur participation aux ateliers des Brigades Culinaires semble d’ailleurs avoir contribué à orienter leurs choix de carrières. D’autre part, les résultats suggèrent que la participation aux ateliers des Brigades Culinaires a un impact sur l’entourage. Conclusion. La participation aux ateliers des Brigades Culinaires contribue à élever le niveau d’implication des participants à l’égard de la nutrition, de la cuisine et de l’alimentation. Les résultats de cette étude permettent de cibler les forces du programme, de même que de proposer des pistes d’actions pour continuer à élever le niveau d’implication des jeunes Québécois à l’égard de leur alimentation.

Elementary School Principals in Low-Socioeconomic-Status Schools: A University-Based Research Program Designed to Support Mandated Reform

This paper presents a reform initiative, the Supporting Montreal Schools Program (SMSP), created by the government of Quebec to assist 184 low socio-economic-status schools in Montreal implement seven reform strategies prescribed by the government. On a regular basis, the professional team of the SMSP engages in reflection and research with universities concerning one or more of the strategies they are charged with helping schools implement or the functioning of the SMSP more generally. The present research programme is part of the team’s ongoing reflection on a component of Strategy 4: professional development of school administrators and the school team. In this paper, we detail results from this initial and subsequent studies on the work of principals in low-performing schools. We also describe our collaborative relationship with the SMSP team, discuss the effectiveness of the SMSP in promoting the implementation of the seven governmentmandated strategies and critique the utility of our partnership with the SMSP and our use of that programme as a vehicle for linking research to practice.

How Principals Exercise Transformative Leadership in Urban Schools in Disadvantaged Areas in Montréal, Canada

This study aims at understanding how elementary school principals in disadvantaged areas implement transformative leadership for social justice. Our previous studies showed that social justice is rarely present in principals’ discourse. Using a transformative leadership framework, we analysed data from the observation of these school principals. Data failed to show evidence of transformative behaviour on the part of principals. Because of some concerns and questions that arose from these findings, we found and interviewed three outstanding elementary school principals who are implementing transformative leadership in their schools. In contrast with our previous data, our present data shows that these principals have a rich view of social justice, that they see instances of inequities in their schools, that they identify situations in which they can implement transformative leadership, and that they report intervening to fight inequities. We also discuss the implications of these results in the follow-up of our research programme.