County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.7, Mar., 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.8, July, 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.9, Aug., 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on section no. 5 of the tap drain at Marshville by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on section no. 5 of the tap drain at Marshville by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.1, Sept., 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains (copy), signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.10, Sept., 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain, and cleaning of fallen timber by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain, and cleaning of fallen timber by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.1, Oct., 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.11, Oct., 1856.

Abstracts given to Andrew Mains for ditching done in the tap drain of the marsh lands

Abstracts given to Andrew Mains for ditching done in the tap drain of the marsh lands, Oct. 1856.

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains

County of Welland estimate (copy) of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, signed by S.D. Woodruff. Estimate no.12, Nov., 1856.

County of Welland final estimate of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, unsigned

County of Welland final estimate of work done on the main drain of the marsh lands by Andrew Mains, unsigned. There is a note stating that some of the work is not complete. Estimate no.13, Dec., 1856.

Abstract of estimates given to Andrew Mains for ditching on the main drain of marsh lands for 1855 and 1856

Abstract of estimates given to Andrew Mains for ditching on the main drain of marsh lands for 1855 and 1856. This is signed by S.D. Woodruff, May 1, 1857.

1998 Brock Baseball Team

1998 Brock Badger men's baseball team photo. Front Row (L to R): Bill Gillen, Ryan Villers, Greg Arbour, Mark Cheeseman, Andrew Tinnish, Rick Bottomley, Matt Fletcher, Brad Namtzu, Darryl Presley, Dan Pino, Grant Giffen, Mike Caruso, Mark Reilly Back Row (L to R): Jeff Lounsbury (Head Coach), Jayar Green, Creston Rudolph, Ryan Fisher, Jamie Trull, Stefan Strecker, Andrew Robb, Jeremy Walker, Ryan Johns, Matt Stezycki, Steve Lester, Fabio Del Rio, Jarrod Haase, Jess Dixon, Rick Falconer (Pitching Coach) Absent: Marc Purdy, Ian Bala, Marc LePage (Asst. Coach), Waybe Briggs-Jude (Asst. Coach)

Men's Rugby (1981-82)

Back Row: J.B. Owens, Ross Smith (Head Coach), Adam Frost, Derrick Harwood, Dave DeRose, Bill Arniel, Danny Mazor, Alan Ross, Randy McKeller, Pete McDougall, Ray D'Archi, Kelvin Oda, Mark Pelletier, Eric Thompson, Marty Houston, Ken White (Asst. Coach) Front Row: Peter Love, Chris Peskett, Duff Porteous, Bart Ward, Dave Sohmer, Gary Gautier, Ken Murray, Dave Tamowski, Steve Shaughnessy, Jeff Wood Absent: Alfred Esmaily, Luc Gignac, Fred Kovacs, Andrew Norman

Knowledge and attitudes of Registered Nurses toward pain /

This research provided relevant data to support pain research literature that finds nurses do not have the knowledge base that they require to sufficiently provide effective pain management. The data demonstrated that nurses have mixed attitudes toward pain. These two findings have been observed in the literature for more than 20 years, but were important results for the hospitals and the nurses involved in the study. The purposes of this study were to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes in a sample of nurses fi-om the surgical and medical units in three hospitals, and determine whether a difference between these two groups existed. The institutional resources to support pain relief practices provided by each hospital were also documented. Data were collected using a convenience sample from the medical and surgical units of three hospitals. Ofthe 1 13 nurses who volunteered to participate, 78 worked in surgical units and 35 worked in medical units. Demographic data were collected about the participants. The established instruments used to obtain data about knowledge and attitude included: (a) Nurses Knowledge of Pain Issues Survey, (b)Attitude to Pain Control Scale, and (c) Andrew and Robert Vignette. Data collected were quantitative along with two open-ended questions for a rich, qualitative section. Inadequate knowledge and outdated attitudes were very evident in the responses. Data from the open-ended questions described how nurses assessed pain and the most conmion problems caring for patients in pain. Nursing practice implications for these hospitals involve initiating a process to develop an educational pain program for nurses throughout the hospital. Utilizing findings from other studies, the program should have an interdisciplinary approach to the planning, implementation, evaluation, and ongoing support. This study supports the belief that inadequate pain management has been attributed to many factors, most importantly to a lack of knowledge. Pain is a costly, unnecessary complication for the patient as well as the hospital. It follows then, that it is in the best interest of all involved to implement an educational pain program in order to influence practice.

Anaerobic performance in ice hockey : the effect of skate blade radius of hollow

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of skate blade radius of hollow (ROH) on anaerobic performance, specifically during the acceleration and stopping phases of an on-ice skating test. Fifteen, male Junior B hockey players (mean age 19 y ± 1.46) were recruited to participate. On-icc testing required each participant to complete an on-ice anaerobic performance test [Reed Repeat Skate (RRS)) on three separate days. During each on-ice test, the participant's skate blades were sharpened to one of three, randomly assigned, ROH values (0.63 cm, 1.27 cm, 1.90 cm). Performance times were recorded during each RRS and used to calculate anaerobic variables [anaerobic power (W), anaerobic capacity (W), and fatigue index (s, %)). Each RRS was video recorded for the purpose of motion analysis. Video footage was imported into Peak Motus™ to measure kinematic variables of the acceleration and stopping phases. The specific variables calculated from the acceleration phase were: average velocity over 6 m (m/s), average stride length (m), and mean stride rate (strides/s). The specific variables calculated from the stopping phase were: velocity at initiation of stopping (rn/s), stopping distance (m), stopping time (s). A repeated measures ANOV A was used to assess differences in mean performance and kinematic variables across the three selected hollows. Further analysis was conducted to assess differences in trial by trial performance and kinematic variables for all hollows. The primary findings of the study suggested that skate blade ROH can have a significant effect on kinematic variables, namely stride length and stride rate during the acceleration phase and stopping distance and stopping time during the stopping phase of an on-ice anaerobic performance test. During the acceleration phase, no significant difdifferences were found in SR and SL across the three selected hollows. Mean SR on the 1.27 cm hollow was significantly slower than both the 0.63 cm and 1.90 cm hollows and SL was significantly longer when skating on the 1.27 cm hollow in comparison to the 1.90 cm hollow. During the stopping phase, stopping distance on the 0.63 cm hollow (4.12 m ± 0.14) was significantly shorter than both the 1.27 cm hollow (4.43 m ± 0.08) (p < 0.05) and the 1.90 cm ho])ow (4.35 m ± 0.12) (p < 0.05). Mean ST was also significantly shorter when stopping on the 0.63 cm hollow then both the 1.27 cm and 1.90 cm hollows. Trial by trial results clearly illustrated the affect of fatigue on kinematic variables; AV, SR, IV decreased from trial 1 to 6. There was no significant effect on anaerobic performance variables during the RRS. Altering the skate blade ROH has a significant and practical affect on accelerating and stopping performance will be discussed in this paper.