Two Black Gentlemen Photographed by John Cooper, London/St. Thomas, Ont. [n.d.]

An undated cabinet card of two Black men photographed by John Cooper, who operated as a photographer in London, Ont. and St. Thomas, Ont. from 1857 - 1890. The reverse of the photograph features the photographer's stamp in coloured ink. This photograph was in the possession of Iris Sloman Bell, of St. Catharines. The Sloman - Bell family have relatives who include former Black slaves from the United States. John Cooper is listed as a photographer and daguerrean artist in 1857 - 1890 in London, Ont. and in 1874 in St. Thomas, Ont. Source: Phillips, Glen C. The Ontario photographers list (1851-1900). Sarnia: Iron Gate Publishing Co., 1990. "Cabinet card photographs were first introduced in 1866. They were initially employed for landscapes rather than portraitures. Cabinet cards replaced Carte de visite photographs as the popular mode of photography. Cabinet cards became the standard for photographic portraits in 1870. Cabinet cards experienced their peak in popularity in the 1880's. Cabinet cards were still being produced in the United States until the early 1900's and continued to be produced in Europe even longer. The best way to describe a cabinet card is that it is a thin photograph that is mounted on a card that measures 4 1/4″ by 6 1/2″. Cabinet cards frequently have artistic logos and information on the bottom or the reverse of the card which advertised the photographer or the photography studio's services." Source: http://cabinetcardgallery.wordpress.com/category/cabinet-card-history/

Restoration and succession of a bee community in southern St. Catharines, Ontario, within a ten-year study period

A wild bee community in southern St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, was studied from 2003 to 2012 to analyze the effects of primary succession on abundance and diversity. At a former landfill site near Brock University, which previously contained no bees, the number of bees and bee species was expected to increase rapidly following measures to restore the site to grassy meadow habitat. The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH) states that over time, succession occurs. Abundance and diversity increase initially and peak when pioneers coexist with specialized species, then decline because of competitive exclusion. Alternatively, abundance and diversity may continue to increase and stabilize without declining. Bees were sampled repeatedly among years from newer restoration sites (revegetated in 2003), older restoration sites on the periphery of the former landfill (revegetated in 2000), and nearby low disturbance grassy field (i.e. control) sites. In the newer sites, bee abundance and diversity increased then decreased while in older restoration and control sites mainly decreased. This pattern of succession matches the general predictions of the IDH, although declines were at least partially related to drought. By 2006, total bee abundance levels converged among all sites, indicating rapid colonization and succession, and by 2012 diversity levels were similar among sites as well, suggesting that the bee community was fully restored or nearly so within the ten-year study period.

Receipt from the City of St. Catharines, Ward of St. Thomas for taxes,

Receipt from the City of St. Catharines, Ward of St. Thomas for taxes, Aug. 8, 1887.

Some ecological factors affecting the input and population level of total and faecal coliforms and salmonella in Twelve Mile Creek, Lake Ontario and sewage waters near St. Catharines, Ontario

Some Ecological Factors Affecting the Input and Population Levels of Total and Faecal Coliforms and Salmonella in Twelve Mile Creek, Lake Ontario and Sewage Waters Near St. Catharines, Ontario. Supervisor: Dr. M. Helder. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of some ecological factors on sewage-Dorne bacteria in waters near St. Catharines, Ontario. Total and faecal coliform levels and the presence of Salmonella were monitored for a period of a year along with determination of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, nitrate N, total phosphate P and ammonium N. Bacteriological tests for coliform analysis were done according to APHA Standard Methods by the membrane filtration technique. The grab sampling technique was employed for all sampling. Four sample sites were chosen in the Port Dalhousie beach area to determine what bacteriological or physical relationship the sites had to each other. The sample sites chosen were the sewage inflow to and the effluent from the St. Catharines (Port Dalhousie) Pollution Control Plant, Twelve Mile Creek below the sewage outfall and Lake Ontario at the Lakeside Park beach. The sewage outfall was located in Twelve Mile Creek, approximately 80 meters from the creek junction with the beach and piers on Lake Ontario. Twelve Mile Creek normally carried a large volume of water from the WeIland Canal which was diverted through the DeCew Generating Station located on the Niagara Escarpment. An additional sample site, which was thought to be free of industrial wastes, was chosen at Twenty Mile Creek, also in the Niagara Region of Ontarioo 3 There were marked variations in bacterial numbers at each site and between each site, but trends to lower_numbers were noted from the sewage inflow to Lake Ontario. Better correlations were noted between total and faecal coliform population levels and total phosphate P and ammonium N in Twenty Mile Creek. Other correlations were observed for other sample stations, however, these results also appeared to be random in nature. Salmonella isolations occurred more frequently during the winter and spring months when water temperatures were minimal at all sample stations except the sewage inflow. The frequency of Salmonella isolations appeared to be related to increased levels of total and faecal coli forms in the sewage effluent. However, no clear relationships were established in the other sample stations. Due to the presence of Salmonella and high levels of total and faecal coliform indicator organisms, the sanitary quality of Lake Ontario and Twelve Mile Creek at the sample sites seemed to be impaired over the major portion of the study period.

Postcard - W.D. Woodruff Homestead, DeVeaux Hall, St. Catharines, Ontario

A black and white postcard of the W.D. Woodruff homestead, DeVeaux Hall, St. Catharines, Ontario. See reverse for note.

Four railway ticket stubs for the Grand Trunk Railway System from St. Catharines, Ontario to Buffalo, New York

Four railway ticket stubs for the Grand Trunk Railway System from St. Catharines, Ontario to Buffalo, New York, Feb 8, 1919.

The Evening Journal, St. Catharines, Ontario, May 8, 1883

The Evening Journal, St. Catharines, Ontario, May 8, 1883.

The Evening Journal, St. Catharines, Ontario, August 16, 1900

The Evening Journal, St. Catharines, Ontario, August 6, 1900.

Indenture between Archibald McLachlan and Nicol Kingsmill to Florence Louise Thomson

Indenture of assignment of mortgage between Archibald McLachlan of St. Thomas and Nicol Kingsmill of Toronto executors under the Last Will and Testament of Lavinia Day Thomson, late of Glencairn in Niagara Township to Florence Louise Thomson of Toronto. This is in regard to Lots 113, 114 and 115 in the Township of Niagara. This was registered in the Township of Niagara on Jan. 28, 1888 – instrument no. 2342 and instrument no. 2344, Apr. 5, 1887.

St. Catharines documents including mortgages, wills and declarations, 1871-1914 (not inclusive)

Most of these documents refer to a tract of land located on the intersection of King and Court Streets (part of the Lawrie plan) and Carter properties in St. Catharines Ontario. The Security Loan and Savings Company of St. Catharines existed between 1870 and 1906. Thomas Rodman Merritt was the president.

Photograph - Thomas Woodruff and Julia Cleveland Woodruff at DeVeaux Hall

Black and white, 12 cm x 17 cm photograph, mounted on board, of DeVeaux Hall in St. Catharines, Ontario. It was built by Samuel DeVeaux Woodruff. Shown in this photo are Thomas Woodruff and Julia Cleveland Woodruff. This photo was described by R.W. Band in 1973 and is included.

Postcard - H.K. Woodruff's Residence at 168 Ontario Street, St. Catharines

A black and white postcard of H.K. Woodruff's residence at 168 Ontario Street, St. Catharines, Ontario. It is described on the reverse by R. Band in 1977.

List of Voters for the Town of St. Catharines, 1874

A paperback "List of Voters for the Town of St. Catharines, 1874" by Journal Steam Print. Richard Woodruff is listed as an owner on St. Paul Street in St. Thomas' Ward (p.8) and Samuel D. Woodruff is also listed as an owner in St. Thomas' Ward (p.8). Richard Woodruff is listed as an owner in St. George's War (p.16). There is an extra front cover included which is badly wrinkled and stained. There is a handwritten list within the back of the book which tallies the number of people in each ward.

Indenture between Thomas Sheppard Smyth and Richard Woodruff

Indenture of deed of bargain and sale between Thomas Sheppard Smyth of Brussels in Belgium and Richard Woodruff of St. Catharines for land in the Township of Nottawasaga in the Township of Simcoe including 200 acres of Lot 23 in the 3rd Concession - instrument no. 14373, October 19, 1853.

Indenture (vellum) James Henderson and James Zimmerman to Thomas S. Helliwell

Indenture (vellum) of bargain and sale between James Henderson of the City of Toronto and James Zimmerman of the Town of Clifton to Thomas S. Helliwell of St. Catharines for the east half of Lot no. 18 in the Township of Warwick. This was recorded on June 13, 1857 in Liber B for Warwick, folio 283 memorial no. 714, June 4, 1857.