Factores Condicionantes da Eficácia Interna dos Estudantes da Escola Secundária Constantino Semedo

Reconhece-se hoje que o factor que exerce a maior influência sobre a competitividade de uma nação é factor educativo. Nesta perspectiva a valorização de recursos humanos através da educação, constitui um dos desafios para o futuro do país, sendo isto o principal trunfo de que Cabo Verde dispõe. É neste sentido que as grandes opções do plano salienta que é, no homem Cabo-Verdiano, portador de uma cultura rica, que deverá alicerçar-se o desenvolvimento do país1. No entanto todos têm a consciência dos resultados que a educação tem dado ás sociedades de nosso quotidiano, mas há necessidade de ver mais de perto o que acontece realmente nas nossas instituições educativas.

OVERLAND FLOW AND SURFACE RUNOFF / Hydrological Science and Engineering

Cape Verde, off the coast of Senegal in western Africa, is a volcanic archipelago where soil and water conservation techniques play an important role in the overall subsistence of half a million inhabitants. In fact, the step slopes in the more agricultural islands due to it's volcanic origin, together with semi-arid and arid environments (the country is located in the Sahelian region), characterized by a very irregular wet season, with high intensity rainfall events, make life tough. The hard conditions lead during the first half of the XX century to frequent cycles of drought with severe implications on the local populations, with impressive numbers of deaths by famine, and a decrease of the number of local inhabitants by more than halve in some islands. Maintain the soil in place and the water inside the soil was there after a mater of survival, and the CapeVerdians implemented over the last half century a number of soil and water conservation techniques that cover all the landscape. In this work, we monitored a number of slope soil and water conservation techniques, such as terraces, half moons, live barriers, etc, together with two cultural strategies, used to plant corn and beans on one side and peanuts on the other, with a semi-quantitative methodology, to evaluate their effectiveness. A discussion is given on the costs and effectiveness of the techniques to reduce overland flow production and therefore erosion, and to promote rainfall infiltration.