Revitalização dos Patrimónios Arquitectónicos da Cidade Da Ponta Do Sol – Uma Proposta

O objectivo deste trabalho foi de propor propostas de revitalização dos patrimónios arquitectónicos, históricos e culturais da cidade de Ponta do Sol, no intuito de que essa acção pudesse contribuir, de forma significativa, para a preservação dos patrimónios e um possível crescimento económico de Santo Antão, sobretudo do ponto de vista turístico. A cidade de Ponta do Sol, no passado, teve grande importância no que tange à produção e escoamento de vários produtos a exemplo do café, aguardente e quina, tanto para as outras ilhas como para países europeus. Mantém em seu espaço várias e belas construções dos tempos coloniais, entretanto esquecidas, e muitas delas já destruídas e outras encontrando-se em elevado estado de degradação. Além disso, possui uma grande presença judaica e também uma diversidade de herança histórica e cultural, que precisa continuar existindo para que não se perca a identidade cultural da comunidade, uma vez que há presença de tentativas de homogeneização da cultura, imposta principalmente pelos países desenvolvidos e pela globalização. Sendo assim, a preservação e revitalização dos edifícios, tanto público como privado, como do centro histórico em geral, poderá servir de base promotora para o fortalecimento da actividade turística da cidade. Para isso utilizaram-se como fontes bibliográficas, vários documentos, livros diversos, entrevistas, fotografias e trabalho de campo. Depois, com a recolha de dados foi possível constatar que a cidade de Ponta do Sol está atravessando um processo de degradação e modernização. Apesar de ainda activo e vivo, o centro está-se deteriorando, e se não houver intervenções que revertam esse processo, este perderá muito da sua identidade, da sua história-cultural e principalmente os seus patrimónios. Mas, propostas, projectos intervencionistas e acções executoras podem ainda reverter parte dessa situação e dando soluções ao centro da Cidade. Algumas propostas serão implementadas e até mesmo aglutinadas a novas propostas, podendo ser benéficas tanto para a cidade como também para a população. The aim of this work is to make proposals for the revitalization of the historic, cultural and architectural heritage of the city of Ponta do Sol, hoping that this action could contribute in a meaningful way to preserve the patrimony and the possible economic growth of Santo Antão, an island which is particularly considered for the production and trade of different products, especially coffee, liquor and quinine for other islands as well as for European countries. It displays several beautiful colonial constructions. However, they have been forgotten and some of degradation. Besides, this city hosts a great Judaic presence and also some diversity of the cultural identity, since there is the presence of attempts for the homogenization of the culture, imposed mainly by developed countries and the globalization. Thus, the preservation and revitalization of both public and private buildings as well as of the historic centre in general, can serve of a promotion basis for the strength of the historic activity in this town. That´s why a lot of documents, several books, interviews, photos, and field work as local evidence were used as bibliography. Afterwards, with the collected data it was possible to notice that the city of Ponta do Sol is facing a process of degradation and modernization. In spite of still being active and alive, the center is up deteriorating and if on interventions are made to revert this process, it will lose a lot of its identity, cultural history and mainly its patrimony. But proposals, interventionist projects and executive actions can still revert part of this situation and get solutions for the City centre. Some proposal which will be implemented and even be agglutinated to new proposal can be helpful for the city as well as for the population.

National Adaptation Programme of Action on Climate Change - 2008 - 2012

The archipelago of Cape Verde is made up of ten islands and nine islets and is located between latitudes 14º 28' N and 17º 12' N and longitudes 22º 40' W and 25º 22' W. It is located approximately 500 km from the Senegal coast in West Africa (Figure 1). The islands are divided into two groups: Windward and Leeward. The Windward group is composed of the islands of Santo Antão, São Vicente, Santa Luzia, São Nicolau, Sal and Boavista; and the Leeward group is composed of the islands Maio, Santiago, Fogo and Brava. The archipelago has a total land surface of 4,033 km2 and an Economic Exclusive Zone (ZEE) that extends for approximately 734,000 km2. In general, the relief is very steep, culminating with high elevations (e.g. 2,829 m on Fogo and 1,979 m on Santo Antão). The surface area, geophysical configuration and geology vary greatly from one island to the next. Cape Verde, due to its geomorphology, has a dense and complex hydrographical network. However, there are no permanent water courses and temporary water courses run only during the rainy season. These temporary water courses drain quickly towards the main watersheds, where, unless captured by artificial means, continue rapidly to lower areas and to the sea. This applies equally to the flatter islands. The largest watershed is Rabil with an area of 199.2 km2. The watershed areas on other islands extend over less than 70 km2. Cape Verde is both a least developed country (LDC) and a small island development state (SIDS). In 2002, the population of Cape Verde was estimated at approximately 451,000, of whom 52% were women and 48% men. The population was growing at an average 2.4% per year, and the urban population was estimated at 53.7 %. Over the past 15 years, the Government has implemented a successful development strategy, leading to a sustained economic growth anchored on development of the private sector and the integration of Cape Verde into the world economy. During this period, the tertiary sector has become increasingly important, with strong growth in the tourism, transport, banking and trade sectors. Overall, the quality of life indicators show substantial improvements in almost all areas: housing conditions, access to drinking water and sanitation, use of modern energy in both lighting and cooking, access to health services and education. Despite these overall socio-economic successes, the primary sector has witnessed limited progress. Weak performance in the primary sector has had a severe negative impact on the incomes and poverty risks faced by rural workers1. Moreover, relative poverty has increased significantly during the past decade. The poverty profile shows that: (i) extreme poverty is mostly found in rural areas, although it has also increased in urban areas; (ii) poverty is more likely to occur when the head of the household is a woman; (iii) poverty increases with family size; (iv) education significantly affects poverty; (v) the predominantly agricultural islands of Santo Antão and Fogo have the highest poverty rates; (vi) unemployment affects the poor more than the nonpoor; (vii) agriculture and fisheries workers are more likely to be poor than those in other sectors. Therefore, the fight against poverty and income inequalities remains one of the greatest challenges for Cape Verde authorities. The various governments of Cape Verde over the last decade have demonstrated a commitment to improving governance, notably by encouraging a democratic culture that guarantees stability and democratic changes without conflicts. This democratic governance offers a space for a wider participation of citizens in public management and consolidates social cohesion. However, there are some remaining challenges related to democratic governance and the gains must be systematically monitored. Finally, it is worth emphasizing that the country’s insularity has stimulated a movement to decentralized governance, although social inequalities and contrasts from one island to the next constitute, at the same time, challenges and opportunities.