Born global -yrityksen resurssit

Tämän työn tavoitteena on tutkia born global -yhtiön resursseja ¿ erityisesti perustajan näkökulmasta - ja kuinka he ovat selviytyneet rajoitettujen resurssien ongelmasta yritystä perustettaessa. Born global - yritykset ovat nuoria, tietointensiivisiä ja nopeasti kansainvälistyviä pieniä ja keskisuuria yrityksiä. Niiden resurssit ovat usein vajavaisia ja ristiriidassa niiden maailmanlaajuisen vision kanssa. Myös born global - yrityksen piirteet ja strategia asettavat paineita yhtiön resursseille. Tämän tutkimuksen empirinen osa perustuu tapaustutkimukselle, jossa analysoidaan kahden born global -tapauksen resursseja ja yrittäjiä. Born global -tutkijat ovat pyrkineet löytämään syytä viime aikaiselle born global -yrityksien lisääntymiselle ja hahmottamaan born global -yrityksen resursseja ja born global -yrittäjien ominaisuuksia. Tutkimuksesta käy ilmi, että born global -ilmiön kasvanutta määrää ei voida selittää yhdellä tai kahdella muuttujalla. Mutta kuitenkin eräitä kriittisiä tekijöitä löytyi case-organisaatioista, jotka ovat laskeneet rimaa perustaa born global -yritys. Erityisesti ulkomaankokemus, kielitaito ja käytännölliset verkostot nähtiin tärkeiksi molemmissacase-organisaatioissa. Kävi myös ilmi, että molemmat perustaja-yrittäjät olivat vahvasti motivoituneita. Kuitenkin motivaation lähde vaihteli perustajien kesken ollen kuitenkin vahvasti yhteydessä omaan persoonaan. Mitään kattavampaa johtopäätöstä ei kyetty tekemään, joten jatkotutkimus tämän alueenosalta on tarvittavaa. Tulokset näyttävät siltä, että born global -yrityksen perustajat omaavat tärkeän roolin yhtiön suorituskykyyn liittyen. Erityisesti erintyyppisten verkostojen rooli nähtiin elintärkeänä born global-yrityksen menestykselle ¿ verkostot nähtiin keinona haalia kriittisiä resursseja. Tulokset tukevat teoriaa born global -yrityksen resursseista.

Born Global: Challenges and success factors

This Bachelor's thesis takes an outlook on the success factors and the challenges that Born Globals face.

Natural born weight gainers: The mechanisms of obesity in transgenic mice overexpressing neuropeptide Y

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter promoting energy storage by activating Y-receptors and thus affecting food intake, thermogenesis and adipose tissue metabolism. NPY is expressed both in the central and sympathetic nervous system. Hypothalamic NPY is known to stimulate feeding, but the effects of noradrenergic neuron NPY are more ambiguous. Chronic stress stimulates fat accumulation via NPY release from noradrenergic neurons. Furthermore, polymorphism in the human Npy gene has been associated with metabolic disturbances and increased NPY secretion after sympathetic stimulation. The main objective of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of noradrenergic neuron NPY in the development of obesity. The metabolic phenotype of a homozygous mouse overexpressing NPY in the brain noradrenergic neurons and sympathetic nervous system (OE-NPYDβH mouse) was characterized. OE-NPYDβH mice had an increased fat mass and body weight, which caused impairments of glucose metabolism and hyperinsulinaemia with age. There were no differences in energy intake or expenditure, but the sympathetic tone was down-regulated and the endocannabinoid system activated. Furthermore, peripheral Y2-receptors in energy-rich conditions played an important role in mediating the fat-accumulating effect of NPY. These results indicate that noradrenergic neuron NPY promotes obesity via direct effects in the periphery and by modulating the sympatho-adrenal and endocannabinoid systems. Additionally, NPY in the central noradrenergic neurons is believed to possess many important roles. The phenotype of the OE-NPYDβH mouse resembles the situations of chronic stress and Npy gene polymorphism and thus these mice may be exploited in testing novel drug candidates for the treatment of obesity.

Customer Value Creation in Born Global Companies

The purpose of this master's thesis is to study customer value creation in born global companies. The main objective is to identify the types of value enabling customer value creation in born global companies, and to establish their relative importance. After an introduction to the born global academic literature and the customer value creation literature, the empirical part consists of a multiple case study, examining the state of customer value creation in the case companies, along with the subsequent analysis. The results of this research indicate that high-tech born global companies perceive customer value creation as a crucial function of their operations, but their value creation thinking is often one-dimensional. Technology based born globals often place high value on the product and the technology behind it, mainly striving to incorporate performance- and relationship value in their value offerings, but they're unable to utilize their opportunity creation to the fullest, and they lag behind their more established competitors that are able to diversify their value offerings.

Prediction of neurodevelopment and neuromotor trajectories in very preterm born children up to 11 years of age: PIPARI Study

Very preterm birth is a risk for brain injury and abnormal neurodevelopment. While the incidence of cerebral palsy has decreased due to advances in perinatal and neonatal care, the rate of less severe neuromotor problems continues to be high in very prematurely born children. Neonatal brain imaging can aid in identifying children for closer follow-up and in providing parents information on developmental risks. This thesis aimed to study the predictive value of structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term age, serial neonatal cranial ultrasound (cUS), and structured neurological examinations during the longitudinal follow-up for the neurodevelopment of very preterm born children up to 11 years of age as a part of the PIPARI Study (The Development and Functioning of Very Low Birth Weight Infants from Infancy to School Age). A further aim was to describe the associations between regional brain volumes and long-term neuromotor profile. The prospective follow-up comprised of the assessment of neurosensory development at 2 years of corrected age, cognitive development at 5 years of chronological age, and neuromotor development at 11 years of age. Neonatal brain imaging and structured neurological examinations predicted neurodevelopment at all age-points. The combination of neurological examination and brain MRI or cUS improved the predictive value of neonatal brain imaging alone. Decreased brain volumes associated with neuromotor performance. At the age of 11 years, the majority of the very preterm born children had age-appropriate neuromotor development and after-school sporting activities. Long-term clinical follow-up is recommended at least for all very preterm infants with major brain pathologies.