Big band -sovitus kappaleesta "(Surrounded by) Zip-Zip" : Sovituksen analysoiminen puhallinsektioiden näkökulmasta

Opinnäytetyö käsittelee big bandia sekä sille sovittamista. Keskityn tarkastelemaan ennen kaikkea 1930-40-lukujen musiikillista murrosta, jolloin syntyi uusi tapa käsitellä useasti suurimpien orkestereiden kokoonpanoon kuuluneita puhaltimia. Tuona ajanjaksona orkestereiden puhallinryhmistä sekä komppisoittimista alettiin yleisesti muodostaa sektioita. Tämä kokoonpano sai nimekseen ”big band”. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli syventää tietojani big bandin puhallinsektioiden toiminnasta sekä niiden yleisimmistä tehtävistä. Tehtäviä selventääkseni tein big band -sovituksen omasta kappaleestani, missä peilasin 1930-40-luvuilla yleistynyttä tyyliä sovittaa. Sovitustyön valmistuminen pohjautui kolmeen seikkaan: historian tuntemus, sovitussuunnitelman teko sekä musiikin teorian tuntemus. Historian tuntemus loi pohjan sovitussuunnitelmalle, minkä avulla loin kehykset sovitustyön tekemiselle. Sovituksen tekninen suoritus sekä valmistuminen pohjautuivat musiikin teorian ymmärtämiseen sekä kokemukseeni sovittajana. Sovitukseni analyysi-osiossa käyn sovituksen läpi osa kerrallaan, selventäen kuinka puhallinsektiot kussakin osassa toimivat. Opinnäytetyön suunnittelu sekä tiukka rajaus eivät poissulkeneet täysin aiheen moniulotteisuutta. Pelkkiin puhallinsektioihin keskittyminen aiheutti ongelmallisia tilanteita, jotka vaativat suurien kompromissien tekemistä. Muun muassa teorian ja reharmonisoinnin syvempi analysoiminen tässä jää tekemättä. Sovituksellisten sekä soinnullisien ratkaisuiden olemassaolo vaatisi yleensä rinnalleen syvempää perustelua. Näin varsinkin nyt, kun ratkaisut harmoniassa ovat aika ajoin jopa radikaaleja. Tulin kuitenkin siihen päätelmään, että kaikki tekstissä ilmenevä tieto mikä ei koskisi puhallinsektioiden käyttäytymistä olisi irrelevanttia. Lopputuloksen oli tarkoitus olla jäsennelty esittely siitä, mitä big bandin puhallinsektiot ovat ja tekevät. Käyn opinnäytteessäni lyhyesti läpi myös sovitukseni esikuvat. Tämä lyhyt historia-osuus kertoo tiivistetysti mistä ajalta mallintamani sovitustyyli on peräisin ja ketkä ovat edesauttaneet sen yleistymisessä. Historia osuus toimii mainiosti suppeana avainsanastona aiheesta enemmän kiinnostuneelle.

Den talande bokens poetik : en studie med fokus på olika unga vuxnas reception av tre fiktiva texter inlästa på band

The purpose of the research project The poetics of the talking book is to contribute to the knowledge about patterns of understanding in young adults’ reception of fiction, which they listened to through audio books. The problem explored was: How do different groups of listeners receive fictive text presented as a talking book with variations regarding use of voice, engagement and sound effects? The problem formulation rendered four specific research questions: 1. What patterns can be identified in the listeners’ answers regarding story structure and cognitive content in a comparative perspective comprising different reading styles in the taped versions of the text? 2. What patterns of understanding in interpretative reading can be identified in different listeners? 3. Which thoughts do the listeners have about what the talking book should sound like? 4. What affordances for young adults with the functional disability of mild mental retardation can be made visible through guided literature conversations? The theoretical frame of reference was formed by text–reader-oriented literary theory, psychological schema theory, and research regarding voice quality and communication. The project was carried out in two steps. The first phase was to produce the audio books with two variations of reading practice of three short stories with an existential theme in each text. The second step comprised interviewing of 32 young adults (a special group with a reading handicap in form of mild mental retardation, and a reference group with no handicap). The interviews formed as literary conversation were carried out three times during one year. The phenomenological-hermeneutic approach focused on the life worlds of the participants as meaning seeking beings. The analysis was carried out using method triangulation, mainly using phenomenological meaning concentration. The double hermeneutics in use when interpreting the interpretations of the participants revealed a capacity for aesthetic reading of fiction in the special group as well as in the reference group. The aesthetic qualities were found sufficient in all variations of reading by the professional readers of the audio book they listened to. The young adults also could describe how they wanted the audio book to sound: just as if you were reading yourself. A model describing the analytical steps and concepts in use was a result that can serve as an outline of a poetics for the talking book. Unexpected research results were how important the guided literary conversation turned out to be in order to realise the affordances given by the texts regarding exploration of existential themes in the young adults’ life worlds. Thus the result of the research project can be positioned as a piece of emancipatory research stressing the importance of including this group of young adults in the society’s conversation about culture and meaning.

Das Lebenswerk der Sibirienforscherin Zoja Sokolova in einem Band

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Catalogus librorum selectissimorum nitideq[ue] compactorum, nobilissimi dni. consiliarii Cancellariae regiae Johannis Schmedemans, qvorum auctio habebitur Holmiae d. [ ] 1721. (Signum [stellula] franskt band)

Arkit: A-B4 C2 D1.

An IP capable data link layer protocol for narrow band half-duplex packet data radio networks

The wide adaptation of Internet Protocol (IP) as de facto protocol for most communication networks has established a need for developing IP capable data link layer protocol solutions for Machine to machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) networks. However, the wireless networks used for M2M and IoT applications usually lack the resources commonly associated with modern wireless communication networks. The existing IP capable data link layer solutions for wireless IoT networks provide the necessary overhead minimising and frame optimising features, but are often built to be compatible only with IPv6 and specific radio platforms. The objective of this thesis is to design IPv4 compatible data link layer for Netcontrol Oy's narrow band half-duplex packet data radio system. Based on extensive literature research, system modelling and solution concept testing, this thesis proposes the usage of tunslip protocol as the basis for the system data link layer protocol development. In addition to the functionality of tunslip, this thesis discusses the additional network, routing, compression, security and collision avoidance changes required to be made to the radio platform in order for it to be IP compatible while still being able to maintain the point-to-multipoint and multi-hop network characteristics. The data link layer design consists of the radio application, dynamic Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) optimisation daemon and the tunslip interface. The proposed design uses tunslip for creating an IP capable data link protocol interface. The radio application receives data from tunslip and compresses the packets and uses the IP addressing information for radio network addressing and routing before forwarding the message to radio network. The dynamic MTU size optimisation daemon controls the tunslip interface maximum MTU size according to the link quality assessment calculated from the radio network diagnostic data received from the radio application. For determining the usability of tunslip as the basis for data link layer protocol, testing of the tunslip interface is conducted with both IEEE 802.15.4 radios and packet data radios. The test cases measure the radio network usability for User Datagram Protocol (UDP) based applications without applying any header or content compression. The test results for the packet data radios reveal that the typical success rate for packet reception through a single-hop link is above 99% with a round-trip-delay of 0.315s for 63B packets.