Emergenssistä

Keskustelua. Kommentti artikkeliin: Kokonaisuus on vähemmän kuin osiensa summa / Kari Enqvist. Tieteessä tapahtuu 16 (1998) : 7

Nitrogen and phosphorus losses in surface runoff and drainage water after application of slurry and mineral fertilizer to perennial grass ley

Selostus: Typen ja fosforin kulkeutuminen pinta- ja salaojavalunnassa lietelannalla ja NKP-lannoitteella lannoitetulta nurmelta

Den etiske akten : den caritative etikken når pasientens fordringer er av eksistensiell art

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a theory model about some core concepts and phenomena within caritative ethics when patients' demands are existential. There are two research questions, (A) Which realities represent concepts such courage, responsibility, and sacrifice within the caritative ethics. (B) Which phenomena of ethical significance are made current and applicable when patients¿ demands are existential. This study takes as its point of departurecertain chosen theoretical perspectives that discuss some perspectives of the concepts of courage, responsibility, and sacrifice in terms of their significanceto the research questions A. This represents the study¿s theoretical data. The empirical data provide answers to the research question B. In the end, the thesis discusses synthesis of these two accesses of knowledge in order to formulate theses and create a theory model. Løgstrup's contribution and description of the ethical claim helps in understanding and interpreting the links between the substance of the caritative ethic and the concrete reality in the encounter with existential issues. This thesis is a study within the field of Caring Science. The nursing profession provides empirical data and reflects the study topic, by addressing issues of relevance to the application of the knowledge of Caring Sciencein light of the nursing profession's various daily challenges. This study proceeds from the basic assumption: "Caring relationships form the meaningful contextfor caring and derive from the ethos of love, responsibility, and sacrifice, i.e. a caritative ethics" (Eriksson 2001). This study attempts to explore and prove this statement in the light of theoretical and empirical data, in the light ofthe caring scientific perspective which is here linked particularly to the viewof man as a unity of body, mind, and soul, and to the ontological health model. Hermeneutics is the overall perspective for the interpretations proposed in this thesis. Through conversation and hermeneutic observations, I try to understandthe challenges of nursing performance in the encounter with existential issues. This constitutes the empirical data that was gathered on a ward treating cancerpatients. The discussion proceeds sequence by sequence, first by discussing theconditions of the caritative ethics when meeting the existential claims in the light of the concepts of courage, sacrifice, and responsibility. Then a thesis is formulated concerning the caritative ethics in the light of Caring Science. This is the foundation of the creation of the theory model. The resulting theses concern the chosen concepts and phenomena which promote caritative ethics when patients' claims are existential: Freedom is the hallmark of caritative ethics. Freedom is the basic category of caring. When attending to the patient's existential claims, it is of vital importance to secure human relationships as caring interpersonal communions, created by responsible persons who have shown courage and sacrifice. Courage and sacrifice constitute the ethos of caring communities (communions). Courage and sacrifice are then a part of the collective ethos of caring communities, because the patient is confirmed as the unity of body, mind, and soul.

Contemporary art galleries innovation management

This paper focuses on capabilities implemented by micro firms in actual art sector. After last two decades, since establishment of new art selling ventures has started, current art market of Russia is still in its emerging phase. Art galleries, who preserve to be the main place where the art is purchased, today have to survive in the hostile business environment. Whereas the rivalry does not affect gallery performance significantly, the major challenges for these micro firms are customer unawareness and shortages of financing. The business environment requires capabilities inherited by galleries to sustain the performance. Such capabilities may lead to innovation adoption. This paper represents the first explorative study on contemporary art market of Saint-Petersburg. In order to gain an understanding of the topic, qualitative method was chosen and in-depth interviews were done with 7 different micro firms using key informant method.