Arkistoluettelo 403: Abraham Achrenius

Luettelo Kansalliskirjastossa olevan Abraham Achreniuksen arkiston sisällöstä

Towards desired crystalline product properties: In-situ monitoring of batch crystallization

The objective of industrial crystallization is to obtain a crystalline product which has the desired crystal size distribution, mean crystal size, crystal shape, purity, polymorphic and pseudopolymorphic form. Effective control of the product quality requires an understanding of the thermodynamics of the crystallizing system and the effects of operation parameters on the crystalline product properties. Therefore, obtaining reliable in-line information about crystal properties and supersaturation, which is the driving force of crystallization, would be very advantageous. Advanced techniques, such asRaman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy, and in-line imaging techniques, offer great potential for obtaining reliable information during crystallization, and thus giving a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms (nucleation and crystal growth) involved. In the present work, the relative stability of anhydrate and dihydrate carbamazepine in mixed solvents containing water and ethanol were investigated. The kinetics of the solvent mediated phase transformation of the anhydrate to hydrate in the mixed solvents was studied using an in-line Raman immersion probe. The effects of the operation parameters in terms of solvent composition, temperature and the use of certain additives on the phase transformation kineticswere explored. Comparison of the off-line measured solute concentration and the solid-phase composition measured by in-line Raman spectroscopy allowedthe identification of the fundamental processes during the phase transformation. The effects of thermodynamic and kinetic factors on the anhydrate/hydrate phase of carbamazepine crystals during cooling crystallization were also investigated. The effect of certain additives on the batch cooling crystallization of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) wasinvestigated. The crystal growth rate of a certain crystal face was determined from images taken with an in-line video microscope. An in-line image processing method was developed to characterize the size and shape of thecrystals. An ATR FTIR and a laser reflection particle size analyzer were used to study the effects of cooling modes and seeding parameters onthe final crystal size distribution of an organic compound C15. Based on the obtained results, an operation condition was proposed which gives improved product property in terms of increased mean crystal size and narrowersize distribution.

Satavuotias suomalainen tiedeakatemia

Pääkirjoitus

Magnetic Perovskites Sr2FeMoO6 and La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO3: Synthesis, Fabrication and Characterization of Nanosized Powders and Thin Films

Due to font problem on the tilte field the titlte of the thesis is corrected here. The title of the thesis is: Magnetic Perovskites Sr₂FeMoO₆ and La_(1-x)Ca_(x)MnO₃: Synthesis, Fabrication and Characterization of Nanosized Powders and Thin Films

De fundamentis precariis potestatis, praecipue civilis, pontificis Romani

Invocatio: D.D.

En melodie

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

Maa- ja metsätalousalueiden monimuotoisuus ja kosteikot : Rauma

Rauman alueella toteutettiin maa- ja metsätalousalueiden luonnon monimuotoisuuden ja kosteikkojen yleissuunnitelma vuonna 2010. Hankkeessa etsittiin maatalouden ympäristötuen erityistuella hoidettavaksi soveltuvia luonnon monimuotoisuuskohteita ja ei-tuotannollisella investointituella perustettavaksi sopivia kosteikkoja. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin suojavyöhykkeiden tarvetta erityisesti tulvahaitoista kärsivillä ja kaltevilla pelloilla. Alueelta löytyi runsaasti luonnon monimuotoisuuskohteita, joiden hoidolla seudun luontoarvot kohenisivat. Kosteikkoja alueelta löytyi aika vähän ja useimpiin niihin eivät maataloustuet sovellu. Kuitenkin kosteikkojen ja lisäksi myös tarpeellisten suojavyöhykkeiden toteuttaminen todennäköisesti parantaisivat jonkin verran Rauman alueen vesistöjen tilaa. Lisäksi hankkeessa kartoitettiin metsäluonnon monimuotoisuuskohteita, joita metsänomistaja voi halutessaan hoitaa ja suojella valtakunnallisen METSO-ohjelman keinoin. Sekä metsä- että maatalouskohteiden mukanaolo suunnitelmassa ei velvoita maanomistajia mihinkään, mutta tuo toivottavasti tarpeellista taustatukea ja tietoa, jos alueita suunnitellaan hoidettavan.