The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows on the Economic Growth of Bangladesh. The Roles of Infrastructural Facilities

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow has been a key concern for Bangladesh to obtain additional support for the economic development. The Government of Bangladesh continuously competing with other South Asian countries and putting more effort to increase the number of FDI inflows in the country. From the country’s perspective, the constant increasing rate of economic growth shows a positive outcome of FDI inflow. However, the country still not performing up to the mark to pull enough FDI inflows to its potential. Thus, this study discusses about the major determinants and factors affecting FDI inflows in Bangladesh. Among those determinants and factors, infrastructural facility is considered as the most important to affect FDI inflows. FDI inflow is fundamentally depending upon infrastructural facilities to achieve its desire success. Foreign investors take this issue very seriously because based on this they can measure their ease of doing business in the host country. Despite of providing a large market size, due to having weak and lack of infrastructural facilities, Bangladesh is facing trouble in drawing attention of the foreign investors. In order to make the infrastructural facilities happen, it is highly required to organize each of the systems under of it. The body of this study discussed about the weak infrastructures in Bangladesh such as transport and communication, power and energy, education system, and governance services. Improvement in one of these systems cannot provide valuable positive changes on FDI inflows. It requires improvement in all the weak systems to grasp multinational companies and attract foreign investors. On the basis of this research problem, research questions are established. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to answer the research questions. Furthermore, several theories have been applied to justify possible scenarios from the research problem. In addition, the history in between Bangladesh, trade liberalization, and FDI inflows is presented briefly.

The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows on the Economic Growth of Bangladesh. The Roles of Infrastructural Facilities

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow has been a key concern for Bangladesh to obtain additional support for the economic development. The Government of Bangladesh continuously competing with other South Asian countries and putting more effort to increase the number of FDI inflows in the country. From the country’s perspective, the constant increasing rate of economic growth shows a positive outcome of FDI inflow. However, the country still not performing up to the mark to pull enough FDI inflows to its potential. Thus, this study discusses about the major determinants and factors affecting FDI inflows in Bangladesh. Among those determinants and factors, infrastructural facility is considered as the most important to affect FDI inflows. FDI inflow is fundamentally depending upon infrastructural facilities to achieve its desire success. Foreign investors take this issue very seriously because based on this they can measure their ease of doing business in the host country. Despite of providing a large market size, due to having weak and lack of infrastructural facilities, Bangladesh is facing trouble in drawing attention of the foreign investors. In order to make the infrastructural facilities happen, it is highly required to organize each of the systems under of it. The body of this study discussed about the weak infrastructures in Bangladesh such as transport and communication, power and energy, education system, and governance services. Improvement in one of these systems cannot provide valuable positive changes on FDI inflows. It requires improvement in all the weak systems to grasp multinational companies and attract foreign investors. On the basis of this research problem, research questions are established. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to answer the research questions. Furthermore, several theories have been applied to justify possible scenarios from the research problem. In addition, the history in between Bangladesh, trade liberalization, and FDI inflows is presented briefly

Improving business processes in a globally dispersed make-to-order supply chain. Case study on outbound logistics in a Multinational Corporation

The purpose of this thesis is to find out how outbound logistics process can be improved by reducing unnecessary waste in a globally dispersed make-to-order (MTO) supply chain. The research problem was addressed by a multinational corporation that aims to find a solution for reducing unnecessary waste in their outbound logistics process. The focus is on customized products that are delivered via sea transportation. Theoretical framework for improving outbound logistics processes in globally dispersed MTO supply chain was created based on business process management, Porter’s value chain theory, value stream mapping and current reality tree. The empirical research was conducted by using constructive approach due to its ability to research a practical problem and to improve the existing practices. The data was collected from ten semi-structured interviews and three non-participant observations. By analysing the data and applying the theoretical framework, five types of waste were detected in the process that were seen to derive from six root causes. Practical solution was constructed to reduce the waste in the process by combining the existing literature with the ideas raising from empirical data. The results of this thesis suggest that a MNC with a globally dispersed MTO supply chain can improve its outbound logistics process by applying activities that enhance internal and external integration, collaboration and coordination, and increase predictability of the process. This research has practical relevance both for the case company as well as for other MNCs with globally dispersed MTO supply chains that aim to improve their outbound logistics processes. This research contributes to the BPM and CRA research by providing an evidence for their applicability in the new context.

Sulfaattisellutehtaan hajukaasujen keräily ja käsittely

Tämän diplomityön tavoitteena on selvittää sulfaattisellutehtaan hajukaasujen syntyminen, tyypilliset keräilykohteet, keräilyjärjestelmät sekä hajukaasujen käsittely. Työn aihepiiri on ajankohtainen ja tärkeä uuden BAT-asiakirjan voimaan tulon myötä. BAT-asiakirja määrit-telee parhaiten käytettävissä olevan tekniikan näiden kaasujen keräilylle, käsittelylle ja määrää päästötason. Asiakirja määrittelee Euroopan Unionin jäsenmaiden alueella toimivien tehtaiden ympäristöluvat päästötasojen osalta. Uuden BAT-asiakirjan myötä tehtaat jou-tuvat tarkastelemaan päästötasonsa ja mahdollisesti lisäämään hajukaasujen keräilykohteita, joka avaa markkinapotentiaalia hajukaasujärjestelmien toimittajille. Työn kirjallisuusosassa selvitetään hajukaasujen muodostumista, tyypillisiä keräilykohteita sekä käsittelyä ja turvallisuutta. Lisäksi kirjallisuusosuudessa perehdytään tarkemmin BAT-asiakirjaan ja käydään läpi uusimman version tuomia muutoksia ja vaatimuksia hajukaasujen käsittelylle ja keräilylle. Työn tutkimusosuus pohjautuu erääseen Aasiassa sijaitsevaan sulfaattisellutehtaaseen. Tut-kimusosuutta varten tehtaalle toteutettiin vierailu, jonka aikana perehdyttiin tehtaan ole-massa olevaan laimeiden hajukaasujen järjestelmään. Tarkoituksena oli selvittää nykyinen keräilyjärjestelmä, järjestelmän toimivuus, mahdolliset puutteet ja puuttumattomat keräily-kohteet. Lisäksi tavoitteena oli käydä läpi järjestelmän turvallisuuteen liittyviä seikkoja. Diplomityön lopuksi, toteutetun tutkimusosuuden pohjalta, esitellään vaihtoehtoja ja mah-dollisuuksia kyseisen tehtaan järjestelmän parantamiseksi. Tutkimustuloksena selvisi, että tehtaalla on ongelmia tietyissä kohdin järjestelmää, jotka vaatisivat järjestelmän päivittä-mistä nykyisten suositusten mukaisiksi.