491 resultados para Heino, Harri


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In this thesis the consumers’ expected motives and barriers for engaging in collaborative consumption in Finland are studied. The phenomenon is observed through the lens of consumer theory and it is connected to the context using Hofstede’s 6-D model. The phenomenon is new and there are almost no recorded results in the background research, and when considering the limitations of this study, there are no results at all. Therefore, combining different kinds of literature, as well as taking along consumer theory and Hofstede’s model that explains cultural factors, it was possible to compile a comprehensive general view of the present state of the phenomenon. The actual study was conducted using qualitative methods and the solution was sought collecting data from six in-depth interviews with interviewees having experience from using, or offering resources, or both. According to the results, the primary motive in all modes of consumption was economic. Anti-materialism, anti-consumption, and expanding lifestyle were another a bit more general motives. Perceived barriers were, especially as a new result, the amount of trouble one has to see and in single modes, a lack of trust, the used platform and too expensive prices.

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In Finland, entrepreneurship policy priorities are encouragement and support for business innovation, growth and internationalization. SMEs are having economically significant employment and wealth creation potential. During the following years, there will be plenty of businesses for sale on the Finnish market. The challenge is to find and identify growth-oriented, talented, innovative, capable to rapid experimentation new entrepreneurs, in whose hands the company's growth targets are going to be realized. In these research is examined frameworks of the company's growth and the factors influencing growth on the basis of previous studies and literature. In addition, the aim is to create a suitable framework to identify the early stage of entrepreneurs, who are growth-oriented. The other aim is create the supposed directions of influences for growth-orientation. The objectives of the work of the results is to act as an umbrella topic, contextual analysis and forming a new applied framework for further studies. The results of these research are the background variables, the desire for growth are composed of motives, attitudes and desires; the skills for growth are composed of capabilities, experiences, self-efficacy and the willingness for risk-taking; the opportunities for growth are composed of IPR, financing, megatrends and other observed chances.

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The mixing performance of three passive milli-scale reactors with different geometries was investigated at different Reynolds numbers. The effects of design and operating characteristics such as mixing channel shape and volume flow rate were investigated. The main objective of this work was to demonstrate a process design method that uses on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for modeling and Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology for manufacture. The reactors were designed and simulated using SolidWorks and Fluent 15.0 software, respectively. Manufacturing of the devices was performed with an EOS M-series AM system. Step response experiments with distilled Millipore water and sodium hydroxide solution provided time-dependent concentration profiles. Villermaux-Dushman reaction experiments were also conducted for additional verification of CFD results and for mixing efficiency evaluation of the different geometries. Time-dependent concentration data and reaction evaluation showed that the performance of the AM-manufactured reactors matched the CFD results reasonably well. The proposed design method allows the implementation of new and innovative solutions, especially in the process design phase, for industrial scale reactor technologies. In addition, rapid implementation is another advantage due to the virtual flow design and due to the fast manufacturing which uses the same geometric file formats.

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Harava on karttapohjainen kyselypalvelu, jonka avulla voidaan kerätä tietoa erilaisista kyselykohteista. Harava-kyselypalvelussa kyselyihin voidaan vastata muun muassa tekstikentillä, monivalinnoilla ja merkitsemällä alueita ja pisteitä karttapohjaan. Tutkielman tavoitteena oli löytää Harava-kyselypalvelun 2D-karttojen rinnalle 3D-karttavaihtoehto. Aluksi tutkittiin, mitä eri vaihtoehtoja löytyy 3D-komponenttien esittämiseen selaimessa. Tutkituista vaihtoehdoista parhaimmaksi tähän tarkoitukseen osoittautui WebGL-kirjasto. WebGL-kirjaston käyttö suoraan osoittautui vaikeaksi, joten etsittiin rajapintaa, jonka avulla WebGL-kirjaston käyttö helpottuisi. Käsittelyyn otettiin karttapalveluita sekä 3D-mallien esittämiseen tarkoitettuja JavaScript-kirjastoja, jotka käyttävät WebGL-kirjastoa rajapinnan kautta. Näistä sopivimmaksi osoittautui Cesium. Cesium on JavaScript-kirjasto, jonka avulla voidaan toteuttaa 2D-kartta ja 3D-karttapallo sekä upottaa karttapohjaan 3D-elementtejä.

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Suomenlahden alueen alusöljy- ja aluskemikaalivahinkojen torjunnan yhteistoimintasuunnitelma on laadittu Uudenmaan ELYkeskuksen johdolla eri viranomaisten yhteistyönä. Suunnitelma perustuu öljyvahinkojen torjuntalain 13. §:ään. Suunnitelman tarkoituksena on varmistaa torjuntatöiden nopea käynnistyminen ja laadukas toteuttaminen viranomaisten yhteistoimin kaikissa toiminta-alueen vahinkotilanteissa. Suunnitelmassa on esitetty Suomenlahden alueen erityispiirteitä sekä eri viranomaisten ja muiden torjuntaan osallistuvien tehtäviä ja resursseja. Suunnitelmassa kuvataan torjuntatyön eri vaiheita ja toimenpiteitä. Torjuntajärjestelyt perustuvat ensisijaisesti pelastustoimen, muiden torjuntaviranomaisten sekä virka-apuviranomaisten yhteistoimintaan. Suurten merialueella tapahtuvien vahinkojen torjunnassa tarvitaan aina resursseja yhteistoiminta-alueen ulkopuolelta. Yhteistyötä ja koordinaatiota yhteistoiminta-alueiden välillä ja valtakunnallisella tasolla tulee kehittää. Kokonaisuus muun muassa päivitettyine uhkakuvineen tulee laatia valtakunnallisen torjuntastrategian muotoon. Suunnitelman laatimisen aikana kirjattujen kehittämistarpeiden toimenpanoa pyritään edistämään lähivuosina.

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Methanol is an important and versatile compound with various uses as a fuel and a feedstock chemical. Methanol is also a potential chemical energy carrier. Due to the fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources such as wind or solar, storage of energy is required to balance the varying supply and demand. Excess electrical energy generated at peak periods can be stored by using the energy in the production of chemical compounds. The conventional industrial production of methanol is based on the gas-phase synthesis from synthesis gas generated from fossil sources, primarily natural gas. Methanol can also be produced by hydrogenation of CO2. The production of methanol from CO2 captured from emission sources or even directly from the atmosphere would allow sustainable production based on a nearly limitless carbon source, while helping to reduce the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Hydrogen for synthesis can be produced by electrolysis of water utilizing renewable electricity. A new liquid-phase methanol synthesis process has been proposed. In this process, a conventional methanol synthesis catalyst is mixed in suspension with a liquid alcohol solvent. The alcohol acts as a catalytic solvent by enabling a new reaction route, potentially allowing the synthesis of methanol at lower temperatures and pressures compared to conventional processes. For this thesis, the alcohol promoted liquid phase methanol synthesis process was tested at laboratory scale. Batch and semibatch reaction experiments were performed in an autoclave reactor, using a conventional Cu/ZnO catalyst and ethanol and 2-butanol as the alcoholic solvents. Experiments were performed at the pressure range of 30-60 bar and at temperatures of 160-200 °C. The productivity of methanol was found to increase with increasing pressure and temperature. In the studied process conditions a maximum volumetric productivity of 1.9 g of methanol per liter of solvent per hour was obtained, while the maximum catalyst specific productivity was found to be 40.2 g of methanol per kg of catalyst per hour. The productivity values are low compared to both industrial synthesis and to gas-phase synthesis from CO2. However, the reaction temperatures and pressures employed were lower compared to gas-phase processes. While the productivity is not high enough for large-scale industrial operation, the milder reaction conditions and simple operation could prove useful for small-scale operations. Finally, a preliminary design for an alcohol promoted, liquid-phase methanol synthesis process was created using the data obtained from the experiments. The demonstration scale process was scaled to an electrolyzer unit producing 1 Nm3 of hydrogen per hour. This Master’s thesis is closely connected to LUT REFLEX-platform.

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The Solar Intensity X-ray and particle Spectrometer (SIXS) on board BepiColombo's Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) will study solar energetic particles moving towards Mercury and solar X-rays on the dayside of Mercury. The SIXS instrument consists of two detector sub-systems; X-ray detector SIXS-X and particle detector SIXS-P. The SIXS-P subdetector will detect solar energetic electrons and protons in a broad energy range using a particle telescope approach with five outer Si detectors around a central CsI(Tl) scintillator. The measurements made by the SIXS instrument are necessary for other instruments on board the spacecraft. SIXS data will be used to study the Solar X-ray corona, solar flares, solar energetic particles, the Hermean magnetosphere, and solar eruptions. The SIXS-P detector was calibrated by comparing experimental measurement data from the instrument with Geant4 simulation data. Calibration curves were produced for the different side detectors and the core scintillator for electrons and protons, respectively. The side detector energy response was found to be linear for both electrons and protons. The core scintillator energy response to protons was found to be non-linear. The core scintillator calibration for electrons was omitted due to insufficient experimental data. The electron and proton acceptance of the SIXS-P detector was determined with Geant4 simulations. Electron and proton energy channels are clean in the main energy range of the instrument. At higher energies, protons and electrons produce non-ideal response in the energy channels. Due to the limited bandwidth of the spacecraft's telemetry, the particle measurements made by SIXS-P have to be pre-processed in the data processing unit of the SIXS instrument. A lookup table was created for the pre-processing of data with Geant4 simulations, and the ability of the lookup table to provide spectral information from a simulated electron event was analysed. The lookup table produces clean electron and proton channels and is able to separate protons and electrons. Based on a simulated solar energetic electron event, the incident electron spectrum cannot be determined from channel particle counts with a standard analysis method.

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Asiakaspainotteinen logiikka on etenkin Heinosen ja Strandvikin kehittämä asiakaskeskeinen liiketoimintanäkökulma. Asiakaspainotteinen logiikka on kontribuutio hyödykepainotteista ja palvelupainotteista markkinointilogiikoita käsittelevään keskusteluun. Näkökulman asemointi omaksi erilliseksi markkinointilogiikaksi palvelupainotteisen ja hyödykepainotteisen logiikan rinnalle edellyttää logiikoiden arvokäsitysten vertailua. Arvon käsitettä lähestytään tutkielmassa Holbrookin (1999, 5) arvon määritelmää viitekehyksenä hyödyntäen. Viitekehyksessä arvon käsite jakaantuu arvon vuorovaikutteisuuteen, suhteellisuuteen ja kokemuksellisuuteen. Tämän tutkielman tarkoituksena on siten tarkastella arvon osatekijöitä asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa. Tutkimusongelma jakaantuu kolmeen osaongelmaan. Ensimmäisessä osaongelmassa tutkitaan, mistä piirteistä arvon vuorovaikutteisuus koostuu asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa. Toisessa osaongelmassa tutkitaan, mistä piirteistä arvon suhteellisuus koostuu asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa. Kolmannessa osaongelmassa tutkitaan, mistä piirteistä arvon kokemuksellisuus koostuu asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa. Teoriaosuudessa tarkastellaan markkinointilogiikan ja arvon käsitteitä. Markkinointilogiikoissa markkinoinnin arvokäsitteet yhdistetään taloustieteelliseen käsitteistöön. Osuudessa tarkasteltiin siten markkinoinnin ja taloustieteen arvoteoreettisia ja käsitteellisiä yhtymäkohtia. Hyödykepainotteisen ja palvelupainotteisen markkinointilogiikan arvoteoreettiset näkemykset analysoitiin Holbrookin (1999, 5) arvon määritelmästä muodostettua viitekehystä vasten. Tutkimus on luonteeltaan teoreettis-käsitteellinen tutkimus, jossa tieteellisistä artikkeleista koostuvaa aineistoa lähestytään tulkitsevasta näkökulmasta. Aineisto koostuu tutkielmassa kuudesta asiakaspainotteista logiikkaa koskevasta käsitteellisestä artikkelista tai kirjan luvusta. Tulkitsevassa aineiston analyysissä artikkelien arvoteoreettisia näkemyksiä tulkittiin tutkielmassa muodostettua viitekehystä vasten. Arvon vuorovaikutteisuus kohdistuu asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa tarjoamasuhteeseen. Suhteellisuudella tarkoitetaan tarjoaman uppoutuneisuutta osaksi asiakkaan kokemusmaailmaa ja päätöksentekoprosesseja. Kokemuksellisuudella tarkoitetaan asiakaspainotteisessa logiikassa toiminnallista tärkeyttä eli tarjoaman asemaa asiakkaan päätöksenteossa.