Covariant Phase Observables in Quantum Mechanics

The aim of this thesis is to present a solution to the quantum phase problem of the single-mode optical field. The solution is based on the use of phase shift covariant normalized positive operator measures. These measures describe realistic direct coherent state phase measurements such as the phase measurement schemes based on eight-port homodyne detection or heterodyne detection. The structure of covariant operator measures and, more generally, covariant sesquilinear form measures is analyzed in this work. Four different characterizations for phase shift covariant normalized positive operator measures are presented. The canonical covariant operator measure is definded and its properties are studied. Finally, some other suggested phase theories are introduced to investigate their connections to the covariant sesquilinear form measures.

Akateemikko Lauri Posti 21/5 1975

Kirje 21.5.1975

Kirjailija Jussi Mäkinen 1/11 1974

Kirje 1.11.1974

Tohtori Seppo Laakso 15/4 1975

Kirje 15.4.1975

Professori Göran von Bonsdorff 14/12 1972

Kirje 14.12.1972

Vuorineuvos Lauri J. Kivekäs 30/3 1973

Kirje 30.3.1973

Vuorineuvos Björn Westerlund 5/4 1975

Kirje 5.4.1975

Pääministeri Ahti Karjalainen 26/10 1971

Kirje 26.10.1971

Jorma Lauronen 10/3 1973

Kirje 10.3.1973

Rouva Eva Paloheimo 10/6 1969

Kirje 10.6.1969

Oikeuskansleri Olavi Honka 11/10 1972

Kirje 11.10.1972

Maisteri Aili Palmen 2/12 1974

Kirje 2.12.1974

Rouva Anna-Liisa Vaurola 18/9 1973

Kirje 18.9.1973