Developing raster bands computed from LiDAR to improve forest

This study examines the use of di erent features derived from remotely sensed data in segmentation of forest stands. Surface interpolation methods were applied to LiDAR points in order to represent data in the form of grayscale images. Median and mean shift ltering was applied to the data for noise reduction. The ability of di erent compositions of rasters obtained from LiDAR data and an aerial image to maximize stand homogeneity in the segmentation was evaluated. The quality of forest stand delineations was assessed by the Akaike information criterion. The research was performed in co-operation with Arbonaut Ltd., Joensuu, Finland.

Regiones sub Polo Arctico

Julkaisussa: Atlas major, sive, Cosmographia Blaviana : qua solum, salum, coelum, accuratissime describuntur. Vol I

Libia interior, Etiopia sub Egipto

Julkaisussa: Cosmographia : Claudii Ptolomei viri Alexandrini cosmographie octavus et ultimus liber explicit

Insulae Islandiae delineatio : prout haec Solenni mensurandi negotio sub Auspiciis Potensissimi Regis Daniae facto, et a. 1734 demum per Cnopfium archit. militarem ad finem per ducto, debetur, divisae in quatuor partes, Islandice Fiördung, quarum quaevis in suas minores regiunculas Islandice Sislu, danice Syssel dictas subdividitur

Kartta kuuluu A. E. Nordenskiöldin kokoelmaan

Foreign Direct Investment, Clean Development Mechanism, and Environmental Management: A case of Sub-Saharan Africa

This doctoral dissertation explores the contribution of environmental management practices, the so-called clean development mechanism (CDM) projects, and foreign direct investment (FDI) in achieving sustainable development in developing countries, particularly in Sub- Saharan Africa. Because the climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most serious global environmental challenges, the main focus is on the causal links between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, the dissertation investigates the factors that have affected the distribution of CDM projects in developing countries and the relationships between FDI and other macroeconomic variables of interest. The main contribution of the dissertation is empirical. One of the publications uses crosssectional data and Tobit and Poisson regressions. Three of the studies use time-series data and vector autoregressive and vector error correction models, while two publications use panel data and panel data estimation methods. One of the publications uses thus both timeseries and panel data. The concept of Granger causality is utilized in four of the publications. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the Granger causality relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and FDI in different countries. It appears also that the causality relationships change over time. Furthermore, the results support the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis but only for some of the countries. As to CDM activities, past emission levels, institutional quality, and the size of the host country appear to be among the significant determinants of the distribution of CDM projects. FDI and exports are also found to be significant determinants of economic growth.

Tabula geographica Europae ad statum, quo sub finem anni 900 post Christ. nat. suit = L'Europe à la fin de l'an. 900 après naiss. de J. Chr. / in usum iuventutis erudiendae descripta a C. Kruse.

0-meridiaani: Ferro.

Summa rerum genera esse tantum duo: substantiam nimirum & accidens, ex suffragio ampliss. facult. philos. in florentissimo ad Auram Athenaeo, sub umbone ... dn. mag. Simonis Tålpo, met & log. professoris famigeratissimi, consistorii Acad. assessoris gravissimi nec non annexae Pijkensis pastoris longe fidelissimi. Summos in philosophia honores aditurus dissertatione philosophica ad sobrie philosophantium examen modeste delata statuere conabitur Jeremias Wallenius J. f. Tavastensis. Ad diem 21. Nov. anni redempti orbis M. DC. XC. IV. Horis pomeridianis in auditorio maximo

Invokaatio: A.J.

Positiones philosophicae ex fragrantissimo philosophiae viridario carptìm collectae. Quas ex consensu amplissimae [et] venerandae facultatis philosophicae in Regiâ Academiâ Aboënsi. Sub praesidio, ... dn. Michaelis Gyllenstålpes, Wexionii, j. u. & philos: doct: pereximii, ll:m polit: & hist: prof: publ: celeberrimi, p. t. rectoris magnifici, moecenatis, praecept. ac promotoris quovis obsequii & honoris genere plurimùm prosequendi. Liberalis exercitij gratia, publicae eruditorum disquisitioni modestè sistit Daniel B. Rosander Smolandus s. r. m.tis stipendiarius. In auditorio majori ad diem 22. Novemb. anno 1654. Horis ab 8. antemeridianis

Variantti A.

De Sveo-Gothis; qui vixerunt sub periodo Erici I.mi. ad Ericum 2.dum: memorans quomodo restituti sunt primum ab Erico, mox tamen ac multos annos ab incertis ducibus vexati, at nunquam vera religione destituti

Variantti B.

De Sveo-Gothis; qui vixerunt sub periodo Erici I.mi. ad Ericum 2.dum: memorans quomodo restituti sunt primum ab Erico, mox tamen ac multos annos ab incertis ducibus vexati, at nunquam vera religione destituti

Variantti A.

De Sveo-Gothis, qui vixerunt sub finem Testamenti Veteris, post praemissa nonnulla de Biarmorum Jumala, expendens quomodo hic verus Deus et Sathanam tunc strinxit circa religionis curam apud paganos, et sibi quosdam alios servavit pios adminiculis variis auctos

Variantti B.

Linea omnes dati generis determinato sub angulo secans in spatio trium dimensionum investigans

Dedikaatio: Fredrika Wilhelmina Stjernvall född Charpentier [ruots.].

Observationes nonnullae super naturam phrenoshematum [!]. Qvas consentiente ampliss: facultate philosophica in Regia Academia Aboënsi, sub praesidio, ... dn. Torst. Rudeen, poës. profess. ord. h. t. facult. phil. decani spectabilis, publici speciminis loco bonis examinandas modestè exhibet Jonas Emzeen, Wermel: ad d. 30 Aprilis anni 1697 loco [et] horis adsuetis

Variantti B.

Nova ratione determinantur loca telluris, ab effectibus parallaxis in transitu planetarum sub sole, dependentia

Arkit: A-B4.

De lingvis sub imperio Sveo-Gothico usitatioribus

Invokaatio: Favente Jehovâ.