The Pursuit of Efficient Copyright Licensing : How Some Rights Reserved Attempts to Solve the Problems of All Rights Reserved

This dissertation analyses the growing pool of copyrighted works, which are offered to the public using Creative Commons licensing. The study consist of analysis of the novel licensing system, the licensors, and the changes of the "all rights reserved" —paradigm of copyright law. Copyright law reserves all rights to the creator until seventy years have passed since her demise. Many claim that this endangers communal interests. Quite often the creators are willing to release some rights. This, however, is very difficult to do and needs help of specialized lawyers. The study finds that the innovative Creative Commons licensing scheme is well suited for low value - high volume licensing. It helps to reduce transaction costs on several le¬vels. However, CC licensing is not a "silver bullet". Privacy, moral rights, the problems of license interpretation and license compatibility with other open licenses and collecting societies remain unsolved. The study consists of seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the research topic and research questions. The second and third chapters inspect the Creative Commons licensing scheme's technical, economic and legal aspects. The fourth and fifth chapters examine the incentives of the licensors who use open licenses and describe certain open business models. The sixth chapter studies the role of collecting societies and whether two institutions, Creative Commons and collecting societies can coexist. The final chapter summarizes the findings. The dissertation contributes to the existing literature in several ways. There is a wide range of prior research on open source licensing. However, there is an urgent need for an extensive study of the Creative Commons licensing and its actual and potential impact on the creative ecosystem.

The dominions of the Czar of Russia Alba or Great Duke of Moscovia in which are the Dukedoms of Moscow, Wolodimer, Rezan, Worotin, Novogorod-Sewierski, Czernihow, Smolensko, Reschow, Twer, Novogorod-Weliki, Biele Jezora, Wologda, .. /

1 kartta :, käsinvär. ;, 57 x 88 cm, lehti 62,5 x 92,5 cm

La Lapponia Russa coi Governi di Olonechoi, Carelia, Bielozero, ed Ingria Nella Russia Europea di nuova projezione

1 kartta :, käsinvär. ;, 40,5 x 31 cm, lehti 47,7 x 38,8 cm

Scandinavia and its confines, in which are the Kingdoms of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, divided into their principall provinces viz. Under the crown of Sweden, those of Gothland, Sweden, Lapland, Finland, Ingria, and Livonia; Under the crown of Denmark, those of Jutland, Sleswick, Zealand, Fyonie, &c. In Denmark those of Agger, Dronthem, and Wardhous, in Norway /

1 kartta :, käsinvär. ;, 56,4 x 86,7 cm, lehti 62,5 x 91,5 cm

Charte von dem Europäischen Russland / berichtiget im Jahre 1817.

1 kartta : käsinvär. ; 40,7 x 29,7 cm, lehti 48,8 x 38,7 cm.

Carte de la partie européenne de l'empire de Russie, avec l'indication des chemins de poste, ainsi que des douanes frontières et de la repartition actuelle en gouvernements et districts /

1 kartta kahdellatoista lehdellä :, käsinvär. ;, n. 136 x 158 cm, lehdet n. 34 x 52,5 cm

Handkarta öfver Finland för skolorna af R. Hult

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 62,8 x 46,5 cm, lehti 71 x 55 cm

Suomen käsikartta kouluja varten /

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 62,8 x 46,7 cm, lehti 66 x 49,5 cm

Suomen käsikartta Handkarta öfver Finland /

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 70,1 x 51,5 cm, lehti 78,8 x 58,2 cm

Suomen käsikartta /

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 70,4 x 52 cm, lehti 74,5 x 55,3 cm

Suomen suuriruhtinanmaan kartta /

1 kartta neljällä lehdellä :, vär. ;, lehdet n. 69,2 x 51,3 cm

Suomen kartta

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 51,6 x 37,6 cm, lehti 55,3 x 41,8 cm

Suomen suuriruhtinanmaan kartta /

1 kartta neljällä lehdellä :, vär. ;, lehdet n. 69,2 x 51,3 cm

Carte internationale du monde au 1:1000000 Kansainvälinen maailmankartta 1:1000000 = Internationella världskartan 1:1000000 (N.P-34)

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 65 x 81 cm

Karta öfver Finland (Sektionen F5)

1 kartta :, vär. ;, 51 x 42,9 cm, lehti 58 x 50,3 cm