25 resultados para molybdenum 100 target
em Iowa Publications Online (IPO) - State Library, State of Iowa (Iowa), United States
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for the Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for the Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for the Information Technology Department
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Newsletter for the Information Technology Department
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In this paper, we examine the design of permit trading programs when the objective is to minimize the cost of achieving an ex ante pollution target, that is, one that is defined in expectation rather than an ex post deterministic value. We consider two potential sources of uncertainty, the presence of either of which can make our model appropriate: incomplete information on abatement costs and uncertain delivery coefficients. In such a setting, we find three distinct features that depart from the well-established results on permit trading: (1) the regulator’s information on firms’ abatement costs can matter; (2) the optimal permit cap is not necessarily equal to the ex ante pollution target; and (3) the optimal trading ratio is not necessarily equal to the delivery coefficient even when it is known with certainty. Intuitively, since the regulator is only required to meet a pollution target on average, she can set the trading ratio and total permit cap such that there will be more pollution when abatement costs are high and less pollution when abatement costs are low. Information on firms’ abatement costs is important in order for the regulator to induce the optimal alignment between pollution level and abatement costs.
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The successful expansion of the U.S. crop insurance program has not eliminated ad hoc disaster assistance. An alternative currently being explored by members of Congress and others in preparation of the 2007 farm bill is to simply remove the “ad hoc” part of disaster assistance programs by creating a standing program that would automatically funnel aid to hard-hit regions and crops. One form such a program could take can be found in the area yield and area revenue insurance programs currently offered by the U.S. crop insurance program. The Group Risk Plan (GRP) and Group Risk Income Protection (GRIP) programs automatically trigger payments when county yields or revenues, respectively, fall below a producer-elected coverage level. The per-acre taxpayer costs of offering GRIP in Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa for corn and soybeans through the crop insurance program are estimated. These results are used to determine the amount of area revenue coverage that could be offered to farmers as part of a standing farm bill disaster program. Approximately 55% of taxpayer support for GRIP flows to the crop insurance industry. A significant portion of this support comes in the form of net underwriting gains. The expected rate of return on money put at risk by private crop insurance companies under the current Standard Reinsurance Agreement is approximately 100%. Taking this industry support and adding in the taxpayer support for GRIP that flows to producers would fund a county target revenue program at the 93% coverage level.
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Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements have given excellent service history for Iowa. The first concrete pavement was placed in Le Mars in 1904 and was in service until 1968. The Eddyville Cemetery Road placed in 1909 is still in service today. Many other pavements placed during the 1920s and 1930s are still in service today. The objective of this report is to document various changes in specifications, pavement design and equipment for PCC paving from the early 1900s to present. This includes changes that were made to the specification book and supplemental specifications. Where possible, information is given as a basis for the change in specifications.
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The proposed project consists of improving approximately 2.6 miles of Collins Road NE (Highway 100) in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. The project extends from the intersection of Center Point Road to approximately 750 feet east of its intersection with 1st Avenue.
