Vie professionnelle et vie familiale et sociale : une gestion du temps et de la fatigue

Sur la base d'une enquête de terrain, les auteures abordent la nécessité de repenser la division du travail tant sur le plan du travail professionnel, que domestique. Elles s'appuient sur l'expérience des TL (transports lausannois) qui ont mis en place une nouvelle gestion des horaires permettant aux conducteurs d'avoir une assez grande latitude sur leurs itinéraires des bus. Le taux d'absentéisme alarmant avait inquiété les dirigeants qui s'attachaient à faire le tour de solutions à même de réduire la fatigue des collaborateurs. Les effets indirects de cette innovation managériale a été de permettre une véritable conciliation vie privée-vie professionnelle avec, cependant, comme effet non voulu un clivage entre anciens et nouveaux - les anciens ayant priorité quant au choix d'itinéraire. Les femmes, minoritaires dans le métier, ont du mal à faire entendre leur voix pour un système qui va clairement dans le sens d'une double activité facilitée. [Auteurs]

Five-day plan for smoking cessation using group behaviour therapy.

The "Five-Day Plan to Stop Smoking" (FDP) is an educational group technique for smoking cessation. We studied a cohort of 123 smokers (55 men, 68 women, mean age 42 years) who participated in 11 successive FDP sessions held in Switzerland between 1995 and 1998 and who were followed up for at least 12 months by telephone or direct interview. Overall, 102 of the 123 subjects (83%) had stopped smoking by the end of the FDP, and self-declared smoking cessation rate was 25% after one year. The following factors potentially associated with outcome were studied: age, sex, smoking habit duration, cigarettes per day, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), group size, and medical presence among the group leaders. Smoking habit duration was the only variable which showed a statistically significant association with success: the rate of smoking cessation was higher among patients who had smoked for less than 20 years (34.7% vs. 18.9%, p = 0.049). Stress was the most common cause of relapse. The FDP appears to be an effective smoking cessation therapy. Propositions are made in order to improve the success rate of future sessions.

Gestion et communication de l'information en surveillance biologique. Une approche éthique et interdisciplinaire [Biomonitoring information management and communication: an ethical and interdisciplinary perspective]

This study explores biomonitoring communication with workers exposed to risks. Using a qualitative approach, semi-directive interviews were performed. Results show that occupational physicians and workers share some perceptions, but also point out communication gaps. Consequently, informed consent is not guaranteed. This article proposes some recommendations for occupational physicians' practices.