Neurologie et voyages

Le mal de voyage, l'insomnie, les troubles du sommeil, la fatigue, le jet-lag et des troubles sensitifs transitoires sont des symptômes très fréquents lors des voyages et pour la plupart banals. Les maladies neurologiques déclenchées ou causées par le voyage sont rares et incluent des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) liés aux emboles paradoxaux après un voyage prolongé en avion, des crises d'épilepsie ou des troubles du sommeil déclenchés par le décalage horaire, des symptômes de décompression lors de la plongée ou montée en altitude. Dans cet article sont aussi discutées les maladies liées à la haute altitude(céphalée de haute altitude, mal aigu des montagnes), des troubles neurologiques liés à la déshydratation et à la chaleur ainsi que les infections acquises lors de voyages.

How are temporal and social comparisons related to appraisals of self-rated health during very old age?

This study investigated the direction of effects of temporal and downward social comparisons on self-rated health in very old age. Self-rated health can either reinforce or hinder comparison processes. In the framework of the Swiss Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on the Oldest Old, individuals aged 80 to 84 at baseline were interviewed and followed longitudinally for 5 years. Multilevel analyses were used to test the relative importance of temporal and social comparisons on self-rated health evaluations synchronically and diachronically (with a time lag of 12 to 18 months) as well as the direction of these relative influences. Results indicate that (a) at the synchronic level, continuity temporal comparisons have more impact than downward social comparisons on self-rated health; (b) both types of comparison had an independent and positive effect on self-rated health at the diachronic level; (c) self-rated health has an independent synchronic effect on both types of comparison and an independent diachronic effect in temporal comparison.