Governance mode vs. governance fit: Performance implications of make-or-ally choices for product innovation in the worldwide aircraft industry, 1942-2000

We examine the impact of governance mode and governance fit on performance in make-or-ally decisions. We argue that while horizontal collaboration and autonomous governance have direct and countervailing performance implications, the alignment of make-or-ally choices with the focal firm's resource endowment and the activity's resource requirements leads to better performance. Data on the aircraft industry show that relative to aircraft developed autonomously, collaborative aircraft exhibit greater sales but require longer time-to-market. However, governance fit increases unit sales and reduces time-to-market. We contribute to the alliance and economic organization literatures. (Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

Mode et costume au fil du temps

pour un aperçu voir dossier de presse http://www.svha-vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/rhv123_dossier_presse_leger.pdf

Expanding to institutionally different countries. Reasons, Firm International Experience, and Entry Mode Choice

We examine entry mode choice and its consequences when a multinational enterprise (MNE) expands into an institutionally different country. We argue that discussions of entry mode should distinguish between informal (e.g., culture) and formal (e.g., laws) institutions, and should take into account not just the home country of the MNE and its distance to the focal host country, but the MNE's overall footprint and experience across the world in general, especially in countries with an institutional structure that is similar to that of the focal host country. Specifically, we argue that firms with experience in countries with different informal institutions will be more likely to enter via acquisitions than firms without such experience, that such experience will not matter as much in the case of formal institutions, and that such firms will exit more quickly when they enter via equity alliances than through full acquisitions. We also distinguish between balanced and unbalanced alliances and argue that balanced alliances will be more enduring, but only when the host country is culturally (not legally) different from the other countries where the MNE has experience. Our arguments suggest that entry mode should be conditioned on a firm's experience in other markets, and that intercountry differences in formal versus informal institutions have distinct influences on entry mode.

Financement et mode d'organisation des hôpitaux suisses : revue du recueil législatif de 1991 à 2009

Le financement des établissements de soins a connu dans le courant de l'année 2007 d'importants changements législatifs. De l'introduction de la tarification à l'activité sur la base des diagnostic-related groups (DRG) à la mise en concurrence directe des hôpitaux, qu'ils appartiennent au secteur public ou au secteur privé, de l'ingérence de la Confédération dans la planification hospitalière (jusque là domaine réservé des Cantons) à la mise au premier plan des critères de qualité dans l'évaluation des établissements hospitaliers, les exemples ne manquent pas pour illustrer le changement conceptuel auquel nous assistons. L'auteur de ces lignes, privilégiant l'approche historique à l'approche normative, s'est demandé quels étaient les prémices de ce changement législatif et s'est confronté aux différents textes qui ont émaillé les débats de ces vingt dernières années, qu'ils émanent du pouvoir exécutif (messages aux chambres fédérales, ordonnances d'application) ou du pouvoir législatif (textes de loi) afin d'en dégager la cohérence politique. Ce mémoire suit donc une ligne strictement chronologique. Il s'inspire des différents travaux parlementaires. A la lecture de ces textes, il apparaît que, pour les parlementaires, la question du financement des hôpitaux n'est qu'une partie, parfois essentielle, parfois accessoire, selon les époques et l'amplitude du champ d'application du document législatif, du financement des soins par l'assurance-maladie. Les grands principes qui régissent l'assurance-maladie s'appliquent donc nécessairement au financement des hôpitaux. Pour cette raison, il est apparu judicieux à l'auteur de ces lignes de ne pas séparer les deux problèmes et de se plonger dans un premier temps dans les débats qui ont eu cours lors de l'adoption de la nouvelle loi sur l'assurance-maladie (LAMaI) en 1994. [Auteur, p. 5]

Mode of interaction of the Gαo subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins with the GoLoco1 motif of Drosophila Pins is determined by guanine nucleotides.

Drosophila GoLoco motif-containing protein Pins is unusual in its highly efficient interaction with both GDP- and the GTP-loaded forms of the α-subunit of the heterotrimeric Go protein. We analysed the interactions of Gαo in its two nucleotide forms with GoLoco1-the first of the three GoLoco domains of Pins-and the possible structures of the resulting complexes, through combination of conventional fluorescence and FRET measurements as well as through molecular modelling. Our data suggest that the orientation of the GoLoco1 motif on Gαo significantly differs between the two nucleotide states of the latter. In other words, a rotation of the GoLoco1 peptide in respect with Gαo must accompany the nucleotide exchange in Gαo. The sterical hindrance requiring such a rotation probably contributes to the guanine nucleotide exchange inhibitor activity of GoLoco1 and Pins as a whole. Our data have important implications for the mechanisms of Pins regulation in the process of asymmetric cell divisions.