247 resultados para Violence physique
Resumo:
Cet article vise à illustrer la collaboration et l'enrichissement mutuel qu'apportent aux chercheurs et aux cliniciens l'utilisation de la «consultation systémique». Cette dernière, demandée soit spontanément par les parents, soit par le(s) thérapeute(s) qui suive(nt) la famille, a pour but l'évaluation des interactions familiales. Lors d'une première rencontre, les questions qui motivent les parents et/ou thérapeute(s) à consulter sont formulées et la famille est invitée à faire des jeux familiaux semi-standardisés qui sont filmés. Lors d'une deuxième rencontre réunissant les mêmes personnes, un visionnement d'extraits des films sert de base à une discussion ainsi qu'à l'élaboration de réponses aux questions posées, en partant des observations des chercheurs. Après une description de la consultation systémique standard (principes, objectifs, procédure et situations d'observation), une vignette clinique atypique, concernant des violences intrafamiliales, illustrera la variété et la richesse de ces consultations. Les observations micro et macro-analytiques des interactions données par les chercheurs, auxquelles s'ajoute la compréhension clinique des thérapeutes, montrent qu'une collaboration entre eux est fructueuse pour toutes les parties concernées.
Resumo:
Résumé de: Metcalf B, et al. Effectiveness of intervention on physical activity of children: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with objectively measured outcomes (EarlyBird 54). BMJ. 2012 Sep 27;345:e5888. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e5888. PMID: 23044984.
Resumo:
La trace matérielle est une information élémentaire sur une activité qui a lieu dans un environnement physique et social immédiat et qui relève principalement de la sécurité. Leur exploitation doit donc s'étendre au-delà du système judiciaire, vers le renseignement en général et l'étude de phénomènes. Des profils chimiques extraits à partir des saisies de stupéfiants, des montres contrefaites, des courriels non-sollicités, les restes d'incendies sont des exemples de traces qui résultent d'activités répétitives qu'il convient de mieux saisir. La science forensique et la criminologie se rencontrent alors pour étudier des problèmes de sécurité munis de nouveaux jeux d'information. La constitution de banques de données pertinentes est d'ailleurs une préoccupation majeure de la recherche en criminologie. Par des sondages toujours plus larges et des techniques modernes d'acquisition s'appuyant sur les technologies de l'information, la criminologie peut maintenant étendre les analyses comparatives et longitudinales de phénomènes liés à la délinquance des jeunes. Mais la validité et la pertinence de comparaisons doivent être discutées, notamment lorsque les analyses portent sur la violence envers les femmes dans des contextes différents.
Resumo:
Optimum management of non-acquired neuromuscular disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach in order to prevent secondary complications related to the progression of the disease and to maintain the patient's independency in daily activities. For treatments, the physiotherapists and occupational therapists must have precise and measurable goals to quantify muscle strength and functions in conjunction with a specialist in neurorehabilitation. Examples of simple motor scores or scales are given in order to transmit precise information to the GP and the multidisciplinary team, and type of orthosis and physiotherapy programmes are given as pieces of advice to assume the follow-up of patients.
Resumo:
The activity-related energy expenditure mainly depends upon body weight, the type, intensity and duration of the exercise as well as the mechanical efficiency with which the subjects perform the work. Controversy still exist about the role of hypoactivity in the aetiology of obesity both in adolescence and adulthood. A number of experimental studies based on indirect assessment of physical activity (such as pedometers, accelerometers, cinematography and heart rate) have demonstrated a significant reduction in spontaneous physical activity in certain obese groups as compared to lean matched controls. On the other hand, direct measurements of energy expenditure (by indirect calorimetry) have shown a linear relationship between body weight and 24-hour (or activity-related) energy expenditure. It therefore appears that despite the greater placidity characterising some grossly obese subjects, the absolute rate of energy expenditure - particularly in weight bearing activities - is not lower than in lean subjects, since the hypoactivity does not fully compensate for the greater gross energy cost of a given activity.
Resumo:
This study aims at better understanding how the form of childhood violence experienced and the type of offense subsequently committed affect how sex offenders recall punishments and difficult events. Fifty-four male perpetrators convicted of sexual offenses against children (SOCs) or against adults (SOAs) were interviewed in France, Belgium, and Switzerland using the Lausanne Clinical Interview (Entretien Clinique de Lausanne or LCI). Almost three-quarters of the sex offenders reported having been victimized during childhood. The correspondence analysis identified several factors that differentiated them. Their appraisal of the distressing event, method of coping with and distancing themselves from it, and how they dealt with emotions varied markedly depending on whether they recognized having experienced various forms of violence during childhood and on what type of offense they subsequently committed. Victimization can be identified as much by the events experienced as by their effect on the sex offender's discourse. Identification of these discursive indicators may lead to an improved therapeutic approach for potentially traumatic childhood experiences.
Resumo:
In this article a particular patient/physician relationship is described and analyzed: The described interaction between patient and physician during a consultative investigation by several specialists differs markedly from the common trustful relation between a patient and his family doctor. In this context the term and phenomenon pain is discussed and the necessity for an understandable, patient-oriented presentation of diagnosis and hypotheses considering the patient's individual bio-psycho-social dimension is stressed. Consequences for student education are mentioned.
Resumo:
Violence and aggression in human drinking society, either physical, psychological, sexual or resulting from neglect are not only debilitating both for the victim and the offender but extremely prevalent and pervasive. While being on the frontline to identify and rate auto- and hetero aggressive behaviour risk, the general health practitioner remains keen to protect his special relationship. When a history of violent behaviour becomes apparent, discernment must be thoroughly assessed and a critical exploration of its larger impact on family, children, co-workers and everyday fellow citizen should become compulsory.
Resumo:
Die Schweiz hat neue Empfehlungen für gesundheitswirksame Bewegung - aber wie bringt man eine Bevölkerung tatsächlich dazu, sich genügend zu bewegen? Einer von sieben erfolgversprechenden Ansätzen liegt in der medizinischen Grundversorgung. La Suisse a émis de nouvelles recommandations préconisant l'exercice physique comme gage de bonne santé. Mais, dans la réalité, comment parvenir à convaincre toute une population de bouger suffisamment? Les soins médicaux primaires constituent l'une des sept approches prometteuses.