Redondances. Paul Ricoeur et ses sutures théologico-politiques

Paul Ricoeur construit la philosophie comme une hétérotopie, en la soumettant à l'ordre, juridique et théologique, d'un «aveu». En soustrayant la pensée à la compétence première de la philosophie pour l'accorder à l'ordre d'un récit, Ricoeur fait de l'exercice de la philosophie une «empirique de la volonté serve». Ce primat donné à un ordre de médiation, par le biais d'un récit, dépouille ainsi la philosophie de toute tâche inaugurale. Dans ses Valences of the Dialectic, le philosophe américain Jameson est revenu de façon critique sur ce montage, soulignant le paradoxe qui oblige Ricoeur à ôter la pensée du temps des tâches premières de la phénoménologie. Cet article vise à en exposer les conséquences (notamment le basculement vers une herméneutique), pour interroger les effets théologico-politiques de ce vaste projet. --- Paul Ricoeur has built up philosophy as a heterotopy by submitting it to the juridical and theological order of a "confession". By taking away thought as the primus competence of philosophy, and attributing it to narration, Ricoeur transforms philosophy into an "empirics of the serve-will". This priority given to mediation through narration deprives philosophy from any inaugural task. In his Valences of the Dialectic, the American philosopher Jameson has critically questioned this construction, underlining the paradox that forces Ricoeur to take away thought of time from the primus tasks of phenomenology. This paper intends to expose the consequences of such a deal (among others the swing to hermeneutics), and to inquire about the theologico-political effects of such a vast project.

A Heterozygous Deletion Mutation in the Cardiac Sodium Channel Gene SCN5A with Loss- and Gain-of-Function Characteristics Manifests as Isolated Conduction Disease, without Signs of Brugada or Long QT Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The SCN5A gene encodes for the α-subunit of the cardiac sodium channel NaV1.5, which is responsible for the rapid upstroke of the cardiac action potential. Mutations in this gene may lead to multiple life-threatening disorders of cardiac rhythm or are linked to structural cardiac defects. Here, we characterized a large family with a mutation in SCN5A presenting with an atrioventricular conduction disease and absence of Brugada syndrome. METHOD AND RESULTS: In a large family with a high incidence of sudden cardiac deaths, a heterozygous SCN5A mutation (p.1493delK) with an autosomal dominant inheritance has been identified. Mutation carriers were devoid of any cardiac structural changes. Typical ECG findings were an increased P-wave duration, an AV-block I° and a prolonged QRS duration with an intraventricular conduction delay and no signs for Brugada syndrome. HEK293 cells transfected with 1493delK showed strongly (5-fold) reduced Na(+) currents with altered inactivation kinetics compared to wild-type channels. Immunocytochemical staining demonstrated strongly decreased expression of SCN5A 1493delK in the sarcolemma consistent with an intracellular trafficking defect and thereby a loss-of-function. In addition, SCN5A 1493delK channels that reached cell membrane showed gain-of-function aspects (slowing of the fast inactivation, reduction in the relative fraction of channels that fast inactivate, hastening of the recovery from inactivation). CONCLUSION: In a large family, congregation of a heterozygous SCN5A gene mutation (p.1493delK) predisposes for conduction slowing without evidence for Brugada syndrome due to a predominantly trafficking defect that reduces Na(+) current and depolarization force.

Les natures mortes de Paul Gauguin: une production picturale méconnue

Gauguin's first attempts at still-life painting, around 1875, followed the Dutch tradition, influenced mainly by Manet's palette. But he did take occasional liberties in depicting flowers with more fluid colour and dynamic backgrounds. From 1879 his style shows the influence of the Impressionists: Pissarro in the landscapes and Degas in the composition of his still-lifes. He was also open to the new trends which were developing among artists in Paris and applied them in his paintings, using still-lifes as his main means for testing them. He did not escape the contemporary fascination with Japonism, and even experimented briefly with Pointillism in Still Life with Horse's Head. His stays in Britain between 1886 and 1890 correspond to an extremely rich and innovative period for him, in which still-lifes served for increasing experimentation. "Fête Gloanec" and Three Puppies reflect his preoccupations: rejection of perspective, use of areas of flat colour, and mixed styles. These pictures amount to an aesthetic manifesto; many of them are also imbued with strong symbolism, as in the Portrait of Meyer de Haan, which is a melancholic reflection on the fall of man. In Still-Life with Japanese Print, frail blue flowers seem to come out of the head of the artist-martyr, a pure product of the painter's "restless imagination". Thus Gauguin showed that art is an "abstraction" through a genre which was reputed to lend itself with difficulty to anything other than mimesis. Although he moved away from still-life after 1890, Gauguin is one of the first artists to radically renew its role and the status of still-life at the end of the 19th century, well before the Fauvists and Cubists.

Une intervention systémique brève de couple: le cas de Virginie et Paul

L'analyse de la thérapie de couple de Virginie et Paul vise à illustrer la spécificité de l'intervention Systémique Brève, un traitement manualise réalisé dans un cadre temporel limité, et à examiner son efficacité. L'évaluation chez chaque conjoint de la symptomatologie individuelle, de la satisfaction conjugale et de l'alliance thérapeutique grâce à des questionnaires transmis avant, après et trois mois après la fin de l'intervention fournit une mesure indépendante du processus thérapeutique. Les résultats montrent que les étapes clés du processus thérapeutique identifiées par les thérapeutes sont associées à des variations de l'alliance thérapeutique chez les patients. L'évolution distincte de chaque partenaire est discutée, en s'appuyant notamment sur les réactions des conjoints à leurs données de recherche.