Fouilles suisses à Derecik, Büyükorhan, province de Bursa (Turquie). Rapport préliminaire 2007-2008

La découverte en 2001 d'une église et de son pavement sur le site de Derecik près de la ville de Büyükorhan en Turquie a suscité de premières fouilles par les archéologues du Musée archéologique de Bursa, capitale de province, la même année. La présentation des mosaïques en 2006 aux participants d'un colloque organisé par l'Université Uludag de Bursa a permis l'intervention d'une équipe suisse sur les lieux dès 2007. Deux années de fouille et d'observations ont conduit à distinguer plusieurs phases de construction de l'église elle-même et de l'emplacement sur lequel elle est implantée. Un temple de construction légère l'a précédée, vraisemblablement dédié à Zeus, et au moins trois phases de construction la caractérisent, complétées par des aménagements postérieurs. L'occupation des lieux est attestée depuis le IIe siècle ap. J.-C., sinon avant, jusqu'aux invasions arabes du VIIIe siècle ap. J.-C.

Maurice Blanchot: autonomie et responsabilité (1944-1948)

RÉSUMÉ En conjuguant les méthodes de l'histoire littéraire, de la sociologie des champs et de l'analyse littéraire, ce mémoire se propose d'étudier l'élaboration de la « posture » de Maurice Blanchot dans l'immédiat après-guerre (1944-1948). Le passé de Blanchot, marqué par des positions politiques d'extrême droite dans les années 30, et dans une certaine mesure encore sous l'Occupation, le conduit à un repositionnement conséquent dans le champ littéraire de la Libération marqué par l'Epuration des écrivains collaborateurs. Ce repositionnement se traduit par l'élaboration de la « posture » de l'écrivain en retrait, qui se présente comme la manifestation d'une autonomie littéraire radicale. Toutefois, cette posture du retrait demeure une forme de participation au champ littéraire et Blanchot, malgré sa volonté d'une parfaite autonomie de son oeuvre vis-à-vis des impératifs économiques ou idéologiques du temps, n'en est pas moins amené à réélaborer ses postulats critiques de même que sa production proprement dite (Le Très-Haut, L'Arrêt de mort), en interaction avec les nouvelles forces dominantes du champ littéraire de la Libération. Il est notamment conduit à se positionner vis-à-vis de la nouvelle avant-garde qui a émergé de la Résistance, dominée par Sartre et ses Temps Modernes, qui promeut un nouveau modèle, celui de l'écrivain engagé.

Factors influencing interprofessional practices of physiotherapists working in private settings with people with low back pain: a qualitative study

Purpose: Collaboration and interprofessional practices are highly valued in health systems everywhere, partly based on the rationale that they improve outcomes of care for people with complex health problems, such as low back pain. Research in the area of low back pain also supports the involvement of different health professionals in the interventions for people who present this condition. The aim of this studywas to identify factors influencing the interprofessional practices of physiotherapists working in private settings with people with low back pain. Relevance: Physiotherapists, like other health professionals, are encouraged to engage in interprofessional practices in their dailywork. However, to date, very little is known of their interprofessional practices, especially in private settings. Understanding physiotherapists' interprofessional practices and their influencing factors will notably advance knowledge relating to the organisation of physiotherapy services for people with low back pain. Participants: Participants in this study were 13 physiotherapists including 10 women and 3 men, having between 3 and 22 years of professional experience, and working in one of 10 regions of the Province of Quebec (Canada). In order to obtain maximal variation in the perspectives, participants were selected using a recruitment matrix including three criteria: duration of professional experience, work location, and physical proximity with other professionals. Methods: Thiswas a descriptive qualitative study using faceto- face semi-structured interviews as the main method of data collection. An interview guide was developed based on an evidence-derived frame of reference. Each interview lasted between 55 and 95 minutes and was transcribed verbatim. Analysis: Qualitative analyses took the form of content analysis, encompassing data coding and general thematic regrouping. NVivo version 8 was used to assist data organisation and analysis. Results: Multiple factors influencing the interprofessional practices of physiotherapists were identified. The main factors include the consulting person's health condition, the extent of knowledge on health professionals' roles and fields of practice, the proximity and availability of professional resources, as well as daily work schedules. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the influence of multiple factors on physiotherapists' interprofessional practices, including professional practice and organisational issues. However, further research on the interprofessional practices of physiotherapists is still required. Research priorities targeting the views of other health professionals, as well as those of services users, would enhance our comprehension of interprofessional practices of physiotherapists. Implications: This study provides new insights that improve our understanding of the interprofessional practices of physiotherapists working in private settings with people with low back pain, more specifically on the factors influencing these practices. Based on our findings, implementing changes such as improving current and future health professionals' knowledge of the fields and roles of other health professionals through training may contribute to positively influencing interprofessional practices. Keywords: Interprofessional practices; Private practice; Low back pain Funding acknowledgements: This research was supported in part by a B.E. Schnurr Memorial Fund Research Grant administered by the Physiotherapy Foundation of Canada, as well as from a clinical research partnership in physiotherapy between the Quebec Rehabilitation Research Network (REPAR) and the Ordre professionnel de la physiothérapie du Québec (OPPQ). KP received doctoral-level scholarships from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST). CE Dionne is a FRSQ senior Research Scholar. Ethics approval: This project was approved by the ethics research committee of the Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec.

Cercles de qualité médecins-pharmaciens, pour une responsabilité partagée de la liberté de prescription [Physicians-pharmacists quality circles: shared responsibility of the freedom of prescription].

Physicians-pharmacists quality circles (PPQCs) were introduced in 1997-98 by visionary healthcare practitioners of the French-speaking part of Switzerland with the aim to improve the quality of drug prescription. Indeed the challenge is to manage the 7917 brand names of the Swiss drug market (2010), including 19793 different dosages, galenic formulations and packaging. The impact of these PPQCs on the containment of drug costs and on drug prescribing profiles has been demonstrated and has led to their spread throughout Switzerland. PPQCs provide clear educational benefits and have thus been accredited by various continuous education bodies. In this article, participating physicians and pharmacists share their vision and illustrate how they work and influence the safety and efficiency of drug prescription, a routine process complex enough to warrant sharing of its burden in a constructive interdisciplinary collaboration.