Les difficultés de gestion des partenariats public-privé en Europe. Pour une lecture "institutionnelle"

Les partenariats public-privé se développent dans la quasi-totalité des pays de l'OCDE. De nombreux acteurs, publics ou privés, y voient un moyen pour développer de nouvelles infrastructures et prestations publiques à moindre coût et de manière sensiblement plus rapide et plus efficace. Considérés sous l'angle de leur gestion, les PPP s'avèrent finalement bien plus complexes qu'ils ne paraissent d'un premier abord. Basé sur une revue de la littérature européenne portant sur les expériences en cours sur le Continent, l'article vise à faire état de la nature des débats gestionnaires entourant cette nouvelle forme de coordination des activités étatiques en relevant plus spécifiquement les difficultés auxquelles la plupart des PPP sont confrontés, sur la base d'une lecture institutionnelle.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) : A pedagogical guide for decision makers in the public sector

This guide introduces Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a performance measurement technique, in such a way as to be appropriate to decision makers with little or no background in economics and operational research. The use of mathematics is kept to a minimum. This guide therefore adopts a strong practical approach in order to allow decision makers to conduct their own efficiency analysis and to easily interpret results. DEA helps decision makers for the following reasons: - By calculating an efficiency score, it indicates if a firm is efficient or has capacity for improvement. - By setting target values for input and output, it calculates how much input must be decreased or output increased in order to become efficient. - By identifying the nature of returns to scale, it indicates if a firm has to decrease or increase its scale (or size) in order to minimize the average cost. - By identifying a set of benchmarks, it specifies which other firms' processes need to be analysed in order to improve its own practices.

Public particiation and the legitimacy of intergovernmental decision-making : a focus on the World Trade Organization

The legitimacy of the WTO's decision-making process has always been questioned, and many have advocated public participation mechanisms as a remedy. The present study considers the limits and potential of these mechanisms by advancing a conceptual framework, which distinguishes the four 'implementation parameters' of public participation: the goal, the object, the modalities, and the actors. It addresses the issue of legitimacy by considering to what extent, and by virtue of which legal developments, one can see implementing the democratic principle as a goal for public participation in the context of the WTO. By analyzing the institutional structure of the WTO and its different types of decisions, it then outlines how this goal should influence the object and modalities of public participation, which decision-making procedures should be opened to public participation, and how the mechanisms should be implemented in practice. Finally, it suggests speciflrc amendments to existing WTO affangements on public participation