New predictions for inclusive heavy-quarkonium P-wave decays

We show that some nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics color-octet matrix elements can be written in terms of (derivatives of) wave functions at the origin and of nonperturbative universal constants once the factorization between the soft and ultrasoft scales is achieved by using an effective field theory where only ultrasoft degrees of freedom are kept as dynamical entities. This allows us to derive a new set of relations between inclusive heavy-quarkonium P-wave decays into light hadrons with different principal quantum numbers and with different heavy flavors. In particular, we can estimate the ratios of the decay widths of bottomonium P-wave states from charmonium data.

New predictions for inclusive heavy-quarkonium p-wave decays

We show that some nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics color-octet matrix elements can be written in terms of (derivatives of) wave functions at the origin and of nonperturbative universal constants once the factorization between the soft and ultrasoft scales is achieved by using an effective field theory where only ultrasoft degrees of freedom are kept as dynamical entities. This allows us to derive a new set of relations between inclusive heavy-quarkonium P-wave decays into light hadrons with different principal quantum numbers and with different heavy flavors. In particular, we can estimate the ratios of the decay widths of bottomonium P-wave states from charmonium data.

Concentrations of resveratrol and derivatives in foods and estimation of dietary intake in a Spanish population: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort

Resveratrol has been shown to have beneficial effects on diseases related to oxidant and/or inflammatory processes and extends the lifespan of simple organisms including rodents. The objective of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of resveratrol and piceid (R&P) present in foods, and to identify the principal dietary sources of these compounds in the Spanish adult population. For this purpose, a food composition database (FCDB) of R&P in Spanish foods was compiled. The study included 40 685 subjects aged 3564 years from northern and southern regions of Spain who were included in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort. Usual food intake was assessed by personal interviews using a computerised version of a validated diet history method. An FCDB with 160 items was compiled. The estimated median and mean of R&P intake were 100 and 933 mg/d respectively. Approximately, 32% of the population did not consume RΠ The most abundant of the four stilbenes studied was trans-piceid (53·6 %), followed by trans-resveratrol (20·9 %), cis-piceid (19·3 %) and cis-resveratrol (6·2 %). The most important source of R&P was wines (98·4 %) and grape and grape juices (1·6 %), whereas peanuts, pistachios and berries contributed to less than 0·01 %. For this reason the pattern of intake of R&P was similar to the wine pattern. This is the first time that R&P intake has been estimated in a Mediterranean country.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rheinhuprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and ()-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and ()-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and ()-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rheinhuprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and ()-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and ()-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and ()-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

From symmetric glycerol derivatives to dissymmetric chlorohydrins

The anticipated worldwide increase in biodiesel production will result in an accumulation of glycerol for which there are insufficient conventional uses. The surplus of this by-product has increased rapidly during the last decade, prompting a search for new glycerol applications. We describe here the synthesis of dissymmetric chlorohydrin esters from symmetric 1,3-dichloro-2-propyl esters obtained from glycerol. We studied the influence of two solvents: 1,4-dioxane and 1-butanol and two bases: sodium carbonate and 1-butylimidazole, on the synthesis of dissymmetric chlorohydrin esters. In addition, we studied the influence of other bases (potassium and lithium carbonates) in the reaction using 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. The highest yield was obtained using 1,4-dioxane and sodium carbonate.

Concentrations of resveratrol and derivatives in foods and estimation of dietary intake in a Spanish population: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort

Resveratrol has been shown to have beneficial effects on diseases related to oxidant and/or inflammatory processes and extends the lifespan of simple organisms including rodents. The objective of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of resveratrol and piceid (R&P) present in foods, and to identify the principal dietary sources of these compounds in the Spanish adult population. For this purpose, a food composition database (FCDB) of R&P in Spanish foods was compiled. The study included 40 685 subjects aged 35-64 years from northern and southern regions of Spain who were included in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort. Usual food intake was assessed by personal interviews using a computerised version of a validated diet history method. An FCDB with 160 items was compiled. The estimated median and mean of R&P intake were 100 and 933 mg/d respectively. Approximately, 32% of the population did not consume RΠ The most abundant of the four stilbenes studied was trans-piceid (53·6 %), followed by trans-resveratrol (20·9 %), cis-piceid (19·3 %) and cis-resveratrol (6·2 %). The most important source of R&P was wines (98·4 %) and grape and grape juices (1·6 %), whereas peanuts, pistachios and berries contributed to less than 0·01 %. For this reason the pattern of intake of R&P was similar to the wine pattern. This is the first time that R&P intake has been estimated in a Mediterranean country.

p-Nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl (pNZ) as Temporary Na-Protecting Group for Mild Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Avoiding Diketopiperazine and Aspartimide Formation

p-Nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl was used as temporary protecting group for the -amino function in solid-phase peptide synthesis. The corresponding derivatives are solids, easy to be synthesized, and perform well in the solid-phase mode. pNZ is removed in practical neutral conditions in the presence of catalytic amounts of acid. They are orthogonal with the most common protecting groups used in peptide chemistry. They are specially useful in combination with Fmoc chemistry to overcome those side reactions associated with the used of the piperidine such DKP and aspartiimide formation. The flexibility of pNZ can be very useful for the preparation of libraries of small organic molecules.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.