25 resultados para Responsible Research
em Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain
Resumo:
Does shareholder value orientation lead to shareholder value creation? This article proposes methods to quantify both, shareholder value orientation and shareholder value creation. Through the application of these models it is possible to quantify both dimensions and examine statistically in how far shareholder value orientation explains shareholder value creation. The scoring model developed in this paper allows quantifying the orientation of managers towards the objective to maximize wealth of shareholders. The method evaluates information that comes from the companies and scores the value orientation in a scale from 0 to 10 points. Analytically the variable value orientation is operationalized expressing it as the general attitude of managers toward the objective of value creation, investment policy and behavior, flexibility and further eight value drivers. The value creation model works with market data such as stock prices and dividend payments. Both methods where applied to a sample of 38 blue chip companies: 32 firms belonged to the share index IBEX 35 on July 1st, 1999, one company represents the new economy listed in the Spanish New Market as per July 1st, 2001, and 5 European multinational groups formed part of the EuroStoxx 50 index also on July 1st, 2001. The research period comprised the financial years 1998, 1999, and 2000. A regression analysis showed that between 15.9% and 23.4% of shareholder value creation can be explained by shareholder value orientation.
Resumo:
This paper studies the effects of different types of research policy on economic growth. We find that while tax incentives to private research, public funding of private projects, and basic research performed at public institutions have unambiguously positive effects on economic growth, performing applied research at public institutions could have negative growth effects. This is due to the large crowding out of private research caused by public R\&D when it competes with private firms in the "patent race". Concerning the effects of these policies on welfare, it is found that research policy can either improve or reduce consumer welfare depending on the characteristics of the policy and that an excessively high research subsidy will reduce it.
Resumo:
Research carried out in Tokyo Institute of Technology. The objective is to determine the influence of Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) around Lightweight aggregate in concrete on Chloride ion diffusivity. The ITZ of conventional concretes is the weakest point of concrete. The accumulating water on ITZ zone forms the most permeable area inside the concrete. Hence ITZ paves the way for chloride ion diffusion. The quality of ITZ depends on type and quality of aggregates used, water-cement ratio and also the method used for the production of concrete. It has been used two types of lightweight aggregates will be used, Chinese and Japanese, with different absorption capacities. The idea is to produce concrete with same effective water - cement ratio, using the same aggregates in two different conditions, dry and saturated, and compare the chloride ion diffusivity in these concretes (by diffusion test). A comparison of ITZ thickness of these concretes by SEM and EDAX-maps is also proposed. The chloride ion diffusion of concretes produced with the same effective water cement ratio and same aggregates (dry and ssd) will depend, mainly, on ITZ.
Resumo:
This paper investigates the effects of monetary rewards on the pattern of research. We build a simple repeated model of a researcher capable to obtain innovative ideas. We analyse how the legal environment affects the allocation of researcher's time between research and development. Although technology transfer objectives reduce the time spent in research, they might also induce researchers to conduct research that is more basic in nature, contrary to what the skewing problem would presage. We also show that our results hold even if development delays publication.
Resumo:
This paper is a positive analysis of the driving forces in interdisciplinary research. I take the perspective of a research institution that has to decide how to apply its resources among the production of two types of knowledge: specialized or interdisciplinary. Using a prize mechanism of compensation, I show that the choice of interdisciplinarity is compatible with profit maximization when the requirement for the production is sufficiently demanding, and when the new interdisciplinary field is not too neutral. Productive gains due to complementarities of efforts is the main advantage of interdisciplinary organization.
Resumo:
I analyze, in the context of business and science research collaboration, how the characteristics of partnership agreements are the result of an optimal contract between partners. The final outcome depends on the structure governing the partnership, and on the informational problems towards the efforts involved. The positive effect that the effort of each party has on the success of the other party, makes collaboration a preferred solution. Divergence in research goals may, however, create conflicts between partners. This paper shows how two different structures of partnership governance (a centralized, and a decentralized ones) may optimally use the type of project to motivate the supply of non-contractible efforts. Decentralized structure, however, always choose a project closer to its own preferences. Incentives may also come from monetary transfers, either from partners sharing each other benefits, or from public funds. I derive conditions under which public interventio
Resumo:
El projecte de recerca s'ha basat en el projecte Miquel Mart i Pol, que ha consistit en la creaci i manteniment d'un jard dedicat a la memria del poeta, amb persones en situaci d'exclusi social (per motius de malaltia mental, immigraci, pobresa) i estudiants de terpia ocupacional de la Universitat de Vic, des d'una sinergia nica entre la Universitat de Vic i institucions pbliques, socials i empresarials. La recerca ve a cobrir la falta de coneixement sobre l'impacte teraputic de la jardineria, com afirmava Sempik al 2003. Aix mateix, genera coneixements sobre l'ocupaci humana, la ciutadania, les comunitats inclusives, les aliances estratgiques i sobre noves praxis educatives en el marc del nou Espai Europeu d'Educaci Superior (EEES). El marc teric s'ha basat en una visi transdisciplinria, des de l'educaci, la filosofia, la psicologia, la sociologia, la terpia ocupacional, la poltica, l'ecologia i l'antropologia. S'ha desenvolupat una recerca inspirada per la investigaci acci participativa que ha aprofundit en el significat que ha tingut aquesta experincia per a les persones implicades en el procs de creaci del jard: les persones procedents de collectius en situaci d'exclusi, els estudiants, aix com els representants de les institucions pbliques, socials, empresarials i la prpia Universitat de Vic. Aix es van desenvolupar una srie d'entrevistes a fons i formularis amb 5 jardiners; 2 estudiants; la Consellera d'Acci Social de l'Ajuntament de Vic; el Conseller d'Acci Social del Consell Comarcal d'Osona; el President de Caritas; la terapeuta ocupacional de la Fundaci Centre Mdic Psicopedaggic d'Osona; la Rectora de la Universitat de Vic; la Directora de l'EUCS i el President del Rotary Club. Els temes que han sorgit en la recerca sn: La construcci de l'ocupaci significativa; la jardineria com a font de benestar; un espai de bellesa; la dignitat de la ciutadania; la creaci de comunitats inclusives; una Universitat al servei de la Humanitat: noves praxis educatives; l'art de les aliances estratgiques i de les sinergies. Els coneixements generats tenen relaci amb els estudis de terpia ocupacional, aix com per a educaci social, infermeria, psicologia i cincies ambientals. A ms a ms sn una aposta per al desenvolupament de noves praxis educatives en el nou EEES. El treball ha estat qualificat com a excellent per unanimitat del tribunal.
Resumo:
E-repositories are part of the e-science, and they are based on the e-infrastructure. The Centre de Supercomputaci de Catalunya (CESCA) together with the Consorci de Biblioteques Universitries de Catalunya (CBUC) started in 1999 a cooperative repository, named TDR, to file, in digital format, the full-text of the read thesis at the universities of our country in order to spread them worldwide in open access, while at the same time, preserving the intellectual copyright of the authors. Since then, four additional cooperative repositories have been created: RECERCAT for research papers; RACO for scientific, cultural and erudite Catalan magazines; MDC for Catalan digital collections of pictures, maps, posters and old magazines; and PADICAT for archiving Catalan digital web content; The main objective of the latter is to archive Catalan web sites. That is, PADICAT collects, processes and provides permanent access to the entire cultural, scientific and general output of Catalonia in digital format. The repository manager is the Biblioteca de Catalunya, as the institution responsible for compiling, processing and distributing the bibliographic heritage of Catalonia, while CESCA is the technology partner. On September 11th, 2006 the repository went into operation for the general public, with some thirty websites archived. After one year and a half, it has 2.720 captures of more than 1.000 websites. This includes 34 million files (HTML, images...) and two terabytes of data. The objective of this paper is to present PADICAT and our experience developing and managing it.We describe the repository briefly, we explain the technology used to implement it and we comment our experiences during its first year and a half.
Resumo:
RESUM Les exigncies actuals de la professi de dinfermeria requereixen que la docncia vagi orientada a interrelacionar els diferents rols a desenvolupar enla prctica diria, per adquirir experincia en laprenentatge i aix augmentar la qualitat de les cures dinfermeria. Per assolir aquest objectiu s important laprenentatge basat enproblemes. Aquest pretn en primer lloc que els estudiants aprenguin all que permet desenvolupar-se enla vida professional de la manera ms natural possible a partir duna idea clara i profunda de levidncia sobre la que sha dactuar. Amb aquesta finalitat es vandissenyar casos clnics amb uns objectius que requerien la integraci de coneixements, actituds i valors, en diferents fases a desenvolupar en un perode de temps predeterminat. Tamb ens vam proposar una estratgia docent que permets a lestudiant incorporar el coneixement cientfic que dna suport a la prctica assistencial per aproximar teoria i prctica. Es pretn que els estudiants busquin una resposta basada en la millor evidncia cientfica disponible, per prendre una decisi respecte a les cures del pacient. Els objectius de lestudi sn: Avaluar globalment laprenentatge basat en la simulaci de casos Avaluar com els estudiants valoren la integraci del model dinfermeria i del procs datenci en laprenentatge basat en la simulaci de casos. Valorar les sensacions percebudes per lestudiant durant la simulaci del cas. Valorar lactitud d elestudiant en relaci a la incorporaci de levidncia cientfica per una millora en la prctica clnica. Avaluar el grau de dificultat manifestat per lestudiant en relaci al procs de documentaci. Avaluar la idonietat de largumentaci i la decisi de lestudiant a la pregunta formulada en el cas clnic. Metodologia: Lassignatura dInfermeria Medicoquirrgica. Adult I del Departament dInfermeria de la Universitat de Vic, va iniciar una experincia daprenentatge basat en la resoluci de problemes, amb estudiants de 2on curs. Les professores responsables dels seminaris van realitzar una avaluaci de lexperincia a travs duna enquesta. Aquesta es responia al cap dun mes de la simulaci al laboratori, quan es contrastaven els resultats obtinguts en aquesta entre professores i estudiants desprs de visualitzar la gravaci feta durant el mateix. En el context del seminari de simulaci de casos, es va introduir una pregunta/problema, a partir de la que els estudiants, en grup, havien de documentar-se amb el suport duna guia. Per valorar lactitud davant aquesta pregunta/problema es va dissenyar un qustionari tipus Likert. Lavaluaci del grau de dificultat sha registrat a travs dunes escales de puntuaci. Per a lavaluaci de la decisi presa, es van valorar les sntesis resum entregades en els treballs escrits pels diferents grups. Resultats: La realitzaci de la simulaci en el laboratori va ser avaluada per un alt percentatge destudiants (68,8%) amb puntuacions entre 6 i 8 mentre que un 26,6% la van situar en tre 9 i 10, noms un 4,7 % la van puntuar amb 5. La integraci del model dinfermeria va ser valorada pel 86% amb una puntuaci entre 7 i 10. La valoraci global de la simulaci va ser qualificada pels estudiants amb una puntuaci de 8 (34,4%) seguida dun 28,1% amb una consideraci de 7. Un 7,2% van puntuar entre 9 i 10. El 93,3% van assegurar que conixer les fonts documentals els serviria per millorar lassistncia, el 86,7% esperen obtenir arguments slids respecte les seves desicions si la documentaci consultada s de qualitat. Un 77,8% dels estudiants consideren estar ms satisfets al saber incorporar la presa de decisions basada en evidncies. Respecte el grau de dificultat en el procs de documentaci la dificultat ms gran la presenten en com buscar en les bases de dades de referncies bibliogrfiques. Conclusions: Laprenentatge dels estudiants a travs de la simulaci de casos s una estratgia vlida que lestudiant valora positivament al mateix temps que permet desenvolupar habilitats per a la prctica professional. Lestratgia docent dissenyada per integrar les evidncies en la presa de decisions es considera positiva, no obstant, desprs danalitzar els resultats, shan de modificar alguns aspectes per a la seva millora; tutoritzar per a millorar el procs de documentaci i incidir ms en la crtica i reflexi, de manera que les troballes de la investigaci siguin canalitzades cap a la prctica.
Resumo:
La gesti dels residus municipals ha davanar cap a la sostenibilitat per tal de poder fer front al gran volum de residus que es generen actualment i no malmetre el medi ambient. Aquest fet motiva a lelaboraci daquest projecte que es centra en lanlisi del procs de recollida dels residus municipals. Lestudi realitza en primer lloc una avaluaci ambiental de la recollida global i una avaluaci ambiental especfica de la recollida de la fracci Resta mitjanant el programari SIMUR (desenvolupada per lAgncia dEcologia Urbana de Barcelona). Amb aquesta eina de simulaci de models de gesti de residus municipal es calcula el balan de massa, el balan energtic, el balan demissions i el balan econmic del procs de recollida. La metodologia per al desenvolupament de la segona fase del projecte es basa en la realitzaci de treball de camp per al disseny de taules descriptives dels circuits de recollida de la fracci Resta, que permeten comparar-los entre s i aconseguir lobjectiu davaluar leficincia dels sistemes de recollida de crrega lateral i posterior de la fracci. Lassoliment dels objectius permet fer-se una idea de lestat actual de la recollida dels residus de Sant Boi, identificant-ne els punts forts i febles i plantejant propostes de millora encarades a aconseguir una futura generaci i recollida de residus ms respectuosa amb lentorn.
Resumo:
Report for the scientific sojourn at the University of Queensland, Australia, between June to October 2007. The integration of sensory information coming from different modalities is a subjectively effortless and automatic process. However, recent findings converge on the idea that there might be some limitations on how much multisensory information can our brains integrate at a given moment. The overall objective of this research visit was to expand and reinforce our current line of research addressing the role that attention plays on the mechanisms responsible for multisensory integration. There is also a critical review of the literature as well as a list of research questions of potential interest in the area of the neuropsychology of multisensory attention.
Resumo:
This paper analyzes the early research performance of PhD graduates in labor economics, addressing the following questions: Are there major productivity differences between graduates from American and European institutions? If so, how relevant is the quality of the training received (i.e. ranking of institution and supervisor) and the research environment in the subsequent job placement institution? The population under study consists of labor economics PhD graduates who received their degree in the years 2000 to 2005 in Europe or the USA. Research productivity is evaluated alternatively as the number of publications or the quality-adjusted number of publications of an individual. When restricting the analysis to the number of publications, results suggest a higher productivity by graduates from European universities than from USA universities, but this difference vanishes when accounting for the quality of the publication. The results also indicate that graduates placed at American institutions, in particular top ones, are likely to publish more quality-adjusted articles than their European counterparts. This may be because, when hired, they already have several good acceptances or because of more focused research efforts and clearer career incentives.
Resumo:
Report for the scientific sojourn carried out at the Department of Freshwater Ecology, National Environmetal Research Institute, Denmark, from 2006 to 2008. The main objective of the project was to reconstruct photosynthetic organism community composition using pigmentbased methods and to study their response to natural (e.g. climate) or anthropogenic (e.g. eutrophication) perturbations that took place in the system over time. We performed a study in different locations and at different temporal scales. We analysed the pigment composition in a short sediment record (46 cm sediment depth) of a volcanic lake (Lake Furnas) in the Azores Archipelago (Portugal). The lake has been affected during the last century by successive fish introductions. The specific objective was to reconstruct the lakes trophic state history and to assess the role of land-use, climate and fish introductions in structuring the lake community. Results obtained suggested that whereas trophic cascade and changes in nutrient concentrations have some clear effects on algal and microbial assemblages, interpreting the effects of changes in climate are not straightforward. This is probably related with the rather constant precipitation in the Azores Islands during the studied period. We also analysed the pigment composition in a long sediment record (1800 cm sediment depth) of Lake Aborre (Denmark) covering ca. 8kyr of lake history. The specific objective was to describe changes in lake primary production and lake trophic state over the Holocene and to determine the photosynthetic organisms involved. Results suggested that external forcing (i.e. land use changes) was responsible of erosion and nutrient run off to the lake that contributed to the reported changes in lake primary production along most of the Holocene.
Resumo:
En 1923, Ramn Pl i Armengol (1880-1958) fund el Instituto Ravetllat-Pla para la comercializacin y produccin de dos productos antituberculosos (Hemo-Antitoxina y Suero Ravetllat-Pla) fundamentados en una teora heterodoxa postulada por el veterinario Joaquim Ravetllat i Estech (1871-1923). A travs del instituto cre una gran red internacional cientfico-comercial principalmente en Latinoamrica. Pl i Armengol fue doctor en medicina y particip activamente en la lucha antituberculosa en Catalua sin dejar de lado su militancia socialista. A travs de estos dos productos, logr crear un mercado que se sustentaba en una teora heterodoxa que integraban sus principios e ideologa.
Resumo:
We discuss the recent emergence of "deliberative ecological economics", a field that highlights the potential of deliberation for improving environmental governance. We locate the emergence of this literature in the long concern in ecological economics over the policy implications of limited views of human action and its encounter with deliberative democracy scholarship and the model of communicative rationality as an alternative to utilitarianism. Considering criticisms over methods used and the focus of research in deliberative decision-making, we put forward a research agenda for deliberative ecological economics. Given the promising potential of deliberative processes for improving the effectiveness and legitimacy of environmental decision-making, work in this area could help advance both theory and practice in environmental governance.
