Histopathological evaluation of root canal filling materials for primary teeth

This study aimed to assess the response of apical and periapical tissues of dogs¿ teeth after root canal filling with different materials. Forty roots from dogs¿ premolars were prepared biomechanically and assigned to 4 groups filled with: Group I: commercial calcium hydroxide and polyethylene glycol-based paste (Calen®) thickened with zinc oxide; Group II: paste composed of iodoform, Rifocort® and camphorated amonochlorophenol; Group III: zinc oxide-eugenol cement; Group IV: sterile saline. After 30 days, the samples were subjected to histological processing. The histopathological findings revealed that in Groups I and IV the apical and periapical regions exhibited normal appearance, with large number of fibers and cells and no resorption of mineralized tissues. In Group II, mild inflammatory infiltrate and mild edema were observed, with discrete fibrogenesis and bone resorption. Group III showed altered periapical region and thickened periodontal ligament with presence of inflammatory cells and edema. It may be concluded that the Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide yielded the best tissue response, being the most indicated material for root canal filling of primary teeth with pulp vitality.

In vitro evaluation of the temperature increment at the external root surface after Er,Cr: YSGG laser irradiation of the root canal

Objectives: A study was made to determine the temperature increment at the dental root surface following Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation of the root canal. Design. Human canines and incisors previously instrumented to K file number ISO 30 were used. Irradiation was carried out with glass fiber endodontic tips measuring 200 μm in diameter and especially designed for insertion in the root canal. The teeth were irradiated at 1 and 2 W for 30 seconds, without water spraying or air, and applying a continuous circular movement (approximately 2 mm/sec.) in the apico-coronal direction. Results: At the 1 W power setting, the mean temperature increment was 3.84ºC versus 5.01ºC at 2 W. In all cases the difference in mean value obtained after irradiation versus the mean baseline temperature proved statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser gives rise to a statistically significant temperature increment at the external root surface, though this increment is probably clinically irrelevant, since it would appear to damage the tissues (periodontal ligament and alveolar bone) in proximity to the treated tooth

Valoración periodontal de caninos incluidos en situación vestibular a los tres años del tratamiento orotodóncico-quirúrgico

Para demostrar que los parámetros periodontales no se alteran por la fenestración con colgajo de reposición apical de los caninos incluidos, se seleccionaron 12 pacientes con canino incluido por vestibular y el canino contralateral correctamente erupcionado. El tratamiento fue ortodóncico-quirúrgico, con colgajo de reposición apical (9 casos) o de reposición apical lateral (3 casos). Tres años después de finalizar el tratamiento ortodóncico, se valoró el estado periodontal de los caninos mediante: índice de plata, índice gingival, sangrado al sondaje, profundidad de sondaje y anchura de encía queratinizada. No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental (caninos fenestrados) y el control (caninos contralaterales).

Prevalencia de caries y estado periodontal de los niÑos y adolescentes de Navarra (2002)

Introducción (fundamento y objetivo): En Navarra se realiza un seguimiento epidemiológico de la caries dental y su tratamiento desde el año 1987, antes de la puesta en marcha del programa PADI en 1991. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer el estado de salud dental y periodontal de la población infantil y adolescente de Navarra en 2002. Método: Encuesta epidemiológica sobre una muestra al azar de escolares de 1º, 3º y 6º de Enseñanza Primaria y 2º ESO, de 1566 sujetos. Los exámenes clínicos fueron realizados por examinadores calibrados (Kappa 0,93) en los colegios utilizando equipamiento portátil. El estudio estadístico se realizó con una base de datos Microsoft Acces, con el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 10 para Windows. Resultados: La prevalencia de caries en dentición temporal a los 6 años fue de 35,4% (cod 1,28) y en permanente a los 14 años 50,7%. La media CAOD en los cuatro grupos etarios fue 0,04; 0,27; 0,75 y 1,36 respectivamente. Los índices de restauración (IR) 16,7%, 48,1%, 77,3% y 78,7%. El estado periodontal, sanos (6 sext. ) 9,1%, sangrado 86,3%, cálculo 17,2%. Conclusión: La prevalencia de caries sigue siendo alta pero la media de dientes afectados baja; la tendencia respecto de 1997 es a aumentar en dentición temporal y a disminuir en permanente.

Diseño de prótesis alternativas para resolver la inestabilidad del ligament escafolunar

El ligamento escafolunar es uno de los ligamentos que se halla intraarticular, entre el escafoides y el semilunar. Su función más importante es evitar que ambos huesos se separen cuando se cierra firmemente el puño, en la prono-supinación de la mano sobre el eje del antebrazo y durante la flexo-extensión de la muñeca. La indicación terapéutica para reparar la inestabilidad consiste en la cirugía de reconstrucción, mediante la transferencia de tendones, la fusión de las articulaciones o la reformación de los huesos. Actualmente existen dos métodos quirúrgicos para la reparación del ligamento.Para evitar la cirugía abierta, con el presente proyecto se pretende encontrar una solución que permita, a través de una cirugía con artroscopia, solucionar el problema mediante la implantación de una prótesis

Lateral periodontal cysts: a retrospective study of 11 cases

Objective: To describe the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of lateral periodontal cysts among patients diagnosed in different centers (Vall d"Hebron General Hospital, Granollers General Hospital, the Teknon Medical Center, and the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology of the University of Barcelona Dental School; Barcelona, Spain). Study design: A retrospective observational study was made of 11 lateral periodontal cysts, all of which were diagnosed following a thorough clinical examination, radiological study and posterior histological study. Results: The mean patient age was 37 years, and males predominated over females. The mean lesion size was 1.25 cm. A single relapse was recorded 7 years after removal of the initial lesion. All the cysts were surgically removed. Discussion and conclusions: Lateral periodontal cysts are very infrequent, and are characterized by the preserved vitality of the adjacent teeth. Identification of the lesion is initially based on the clinical findings, though histological study is required to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment of choice is the surgical removal, though occasional relapses have been documented

Periodontal health and esthetic results in impacted teeth exposed by apically positioned flap technique

Objectives: This study evaluates the periodontal health status and the esthetic results of teeth subjected to orthodontic traction, after their exposure by an apically positioned flap. Study design: Fifteen patients were included in the study, ages between 11 and 28 years old. The fenestrated teeth and their homologous contralateral normally erupted teeth, used as control, were evaluated. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the position of the gingival margin (p = 0.005), with an average distance between cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and gingival margin of 2.47 mm (SD 1.19) in control teeth and of 1 mm (SD 1.31) in the operated teeth, and in the depth of palatal probing (p = 0.031), with 2.1 mm (SD 0.9) for the experimental teeth and 1.7 mm (SD 0.8) for the control teeth. The gingival index, the bleeding during probing and the probing depth did not show statistically significant differences. The patient"s subjective esthetic evaluation was more favorable for the control teeth in most of the cases. Conclusions: The surgical approach for the impacted teeth by means of the apically positioned flap resulted to be a predictable technique allowing the maintenance of the periodontal health on a long-term basis.

Lateral periodontal cysts: a retrospective study of 11 cases

Objective: To describe the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of lateral periodontal cysts among patients diagnosed in different centers (Vall d"Hebron General Hospital, Granollers General Hospital, the Teknon Medical Center, and the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology of the University of Barcelona Dental School; Barcelona, Spain). Study design: A retrospective observational study was made of 11 lateral periodontal cysts, all of which were diagnosed following a thorough clinical examination, radiological study and posterior histological study. Results: The mean patient age was 37 years, and males predominated over females. The mean lesion size was 1.25 cm. A single relapse was recorded 7 years after removal of the initial lesion. All the cysts were surgically removed. Discussion and conclusions: Lateral periodontal cysts are very infrequent, and are characterized by the preserved vitality of the adjacent teeth. Identification of the lesion is initially based on the clinical findings, though histological study is required to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment of choice is the surgical removal, though occasional relapses have been documented