Diagnóstico radiológico de un cuerpo extraño en fosas nasales. A propósito de un caso con retraso de erupción de incisivos laterales.

Se presenta el caso de un paciente con un objeto inanimado en fosa nasal izquierda, que acudió a la Clínica Odontológica de Bellvitge, por la ausencia de los incisivos laterales permanentes en el maxilar superior. Al confirmar la presencia de los incisivos, a partir de una radiografía oclusal, descubrimos, de forma casual, un objeto radiopaco al que acompañaba una específica sintomatología. Después de la intervención del otorrinolaringólogo, dicha sintomatología desapareció. Referimos el manejo de los cuerpos extraños en fosas nasales y aprovechamos la ocasión para revisar las pautas generales de orientación diagnóstico-terapéuticas frente a esta patología.

The burnout syndrome and associated personality disturbances. The study in three graduate programs in Dentistry at the University of Barcelona

Objective: Determine the presence of"burnout" syndrome and characteristic personality patterns in the students and faculty of three graduate programs in Dentistry at the University of Barcelona: Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Department of Orthodontics and Department of Integrated Dentistry. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in 78 dentists. The level of"burnout" was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, socio-demographic variables and, finally, the personality test. Results: Oral surgeons constituted the group of highlevel"burnout". The profile of an individual with a propensity to"burn out" is a single man, with a median age of 27, that is in the first years of the graduate program and that combines studies with 30 hours of clinical practice and/or other work (p<0,05). Narcissistic and borderline are the types of personality most frequently found in the individuals that present"burnout" syndrome (p<0,05). Conclusions: In general, no high levels of"burnout" were registered in the studied population, only 2-3%, if applying strict definition of"burnout", and 10% if these criteria were amplified. We believe it is necessary to identify the individuals with a tendency towards"burnout", in order to establish preventive measures and avoid future negative behaviour at work as well as at the personal level.

Tamaño dental, desgaste oclusal y microestriación en primates Hominoidea

El patrón de microestriación dentaria depende no solo de la composición de los alimentos ingeridos, sino también de la presencia en ellos de polvo, cenizas u otras partículas abrasivas de origen externo, generalmente incorporadas al alimento durante su preparación. El presente estudio analiza cómo se ve afectado el patrón de microestriación de la superficie vestibular de los dientes por factores independientes a la estructura y composición alimentaria, como son el tamaño de la pieza dentaria y el desgaste oclusal de la misma. Se han analizado moldes dentarios obtenidos de ejemplares originales de colecciones osteológicas de molares de primates Hominoideos, en los que se ha medido el patrón de microestriación dentaria de todos los individuos, así como el tamaño dental (área oclusal total- AOT) y el desgaste oclusal (porcentaje de exposición de dentina- PED) mediante técnicas semiautomáticas de análisis cuantitativo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el tamaño dentario y el grado de desgaste oclusal de los molares analizados no están correlacionados con el patrón de microdesgaste dental de sus superficies vestibulares. Ello sugiere que las actividades masticatorias asociadas con las superficies oclusales de los molares no están directamente relacionadas con la capacidad abrasiva del alimento, sino con utilización de la superficie occlusal de la dentición en actividades que no repercuten en el patrón de microestriación de las superficies vestibulares de los dientes.

Ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain among postgraduate students and faculty members of the School of Dentistry of the University of Barcelona (Spain). A cross-sectional study

Objectives: To evaluate the intensity and location of musculoskeletal pain suffered by students and professors from different postgraduate programs of the School of Dentistry of the University of Barcelona (Spain), to identify the variables related to the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and signs, and to establish possible preventive measures for such disorders. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was made among students and faculty members from different postgraduate courses of the School of Dentistry at the University of Barcelona between May and June 2007. A total of 74 dentists (54 postgraduate students and 20 faculty members) completed an anonymous questionnaire containing 19 questions. The variables were divided into three main groups: sociodemographic information, ergonomic features and musculoskeletal pain arising from professional practice. Results: Most of the dentists (79.8%) had experienced some kind of musculoskeletal pain in the last 6 months. On comparing the different locations of pain (lumbar, cervical, dorsal, wrist, shoulder and others), the neck was found to be the most commonly affected location (58% of all subjects), and only 34% of the respondents took some preventive measures against musculoskeletal disorders. Women showed a higher frequency of intense pain involving the cervical, lumbar, dorsal and wrist areas (p<0.05). A higher incidence of wrist pain was recorded in professionals exclusively dedicated to oral surgery (p<0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between the workload (hours) and pain in the different anatomical locations (p>0.05). Conclusions: An important incidence of pain symptoms secondary to musculoskeletal disorders was observed, particularly in the cervical region. Females and younger dentists showed a higher frequency of such symptoms. The implementation of preventive measures is necessary, in view of the high incidence of these disorders