104 resultados para Institucional design

em Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain


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Executive report of the adaptation study "Needs assessment and design of the intervention for high risk sex offenders social reintegration: Adaptation of the Circles of Support and Accountability to the Penal Enforcement System of Catalonia".

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El diseño de un modelo de aplicación web institucional universitaria con categorías, propiedades y fases evolutivas específicas ejerció como unidad de medida para la observación de 64 sitios web de facultades de comunicación de Iberoamérica. Finalmente, 10 sitios han sido escogidos para su análisis detallado, bajo las pautas del modelo diseñado. Los resultados señalan que menos de una decena de sitios web están en condiciones de considerarse productos eficientes de comunicación y gestión.

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El apoyo y el fomento a la creación de nuevas empresas se ha convertido en las últimas décadas en objetivo principal de las administraciones públicas, justificado principalmente por la incidencia positiva que tienen las mismas tanto en la generación de puestos de trabajo como en el crecimiento económico y en el potencial innovador. En esta investigación se analiza el marco institucional formal de la creación de empresas en Catalunya, tanto desde el punto de vista de la oferta (instituciones y programas de apoyo) como desde el punto de vista de la demanda (nuevos empresarios), tomando la teoría institucional como marco teórico. Para el estudio de la oferta se entrevistaron 20 responsables del área de creación de empresas de las instituciones catalanas más relevantes, completando dicha información con fuentes de datos secundarios (folletos de las instituciones, memorias, estadísticas, etc.). Para el análisis de la demanda se realizaron 307 encuestas telefónicas a empresarios potenciales y 60 entrevistas personales a empresarios actuales. Los resultados del presente trabajo ponen de manifiesto que en Catalunya existen muchas instituciones y programas de apoyo a la creación de empresas. Esta diversificación, junto a la falta de coordinación entre las instituciones implicadas, conduce a duplicaciones y solapamientos en la oferta de programas destinados a las nuevas empresas. En cuanto a la demanda, los resultados reflejan que la muestra de empresarios potenciales conoce y ha utilizado en mayor medida los programas de apoyo que la muestra de empresarios actuales. Por otra parte, ambas muestras valoran mejor los programas no económicos que los económicos, habiendo tenido también éstos mayor importancia en el proceso de creación de la empresa.

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We discuss how technologies of peer punishment might bias the results that are observed in experiments. A crucial parameter is the “fine-to-fee” ratio, which describes by how much the punished subjects income is reduced relatively to the fee the punishing subject has to pay to inflict punishment. We show that a punishment technology commonly used in experiments embeds a variable fine-to-fee ratio and show that it confounds the empirical findings about why, whom, and how much subjects punish.

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We use experiments to study the efficiency effects for a market as a whole of adding the possibility of forward contracting to a pre-existing spot market. We deal separately with the cases where spot market competition is in quantities and where it is in supply functions. In both cases we compare the effect of adding a contract market with the introduction of an additional competitor, changing the market structure from a triopoly to a quadropoly. We find that, as theory suggests, for both types of competition the introduction of a forward market significantly lowers prices. The combination of supply function competition with a forward market leads to high efficiency levels.

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According to official statistics, disabled people in Spain number 3.5 million and make up 8.8% of the Spanish population. This group of people are increasingly being recognised as members of society with equal rights, and many of their demands are gradually being transformed into solutions that benefit society as a whole. One example is improved accessibility. Accessible built environments are more human and inclusive places, as well as being easier to get around. Improved accessibility is now recognised as a requirement shared by all members of society, although it is achieved thanks to the demands of disabled people and their representatives. The 1st National Accessibility Plan is a strategic framework for action aimed at ensuring that new products, services and built environments are designed to be accessible for as many people as possible (Design for All) and that existing ones are gradually duly adapted.

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La proliferació de llicències consorciades i el "Big Deal" ha estat ràpida i transcendental. Podria semblar que hi ha moltes avantatges associades a aquest model de compra, però també hi ha reserves sobre l'impacte que pot tenir en la selecció dels bibliotecaris i preocupació per si servirà encara més per consolidar la posició dominant d'alguns dels grans editors STM**. Aquest article resum les conclusions d'un programa de recerca dut a terme per l'Ingenta Institute al 2002 que consistia en tres estudis independents on es consideraven les avantatges i inconvenients de la llicència institucional consorciada per biblioteques, institucions, editors i usuaris finals. Les conclusions preliminars suggereixen que malgrat que aquest model ha aportat molts beneficis a tots els grups d’interès, no es probable que continuï en la seva forma actual, hi haurà modificacions importants i desenvolupament anticipat en la propera tanda de renovació de llicències consorciades. Mentre que el nombre de contractes consorciats pot ser que s'incrementi en el futur, aquests no seran necessàriament "Big Deals".

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This study focuses on identification and exploitation processes among Finnish design entrepreneurs (i.e. selfemployed industrial designers). More specifically, this study strives to find out what design entrepreneurs do when they create new ventures, how venture ideas are identified and how entrepreneurial processes are organized to identify and exploit such venture ideas in the given industrial context. Indeed, what does educated and creative individuals do when they decide to create new ventures, where do the venture ideas originally come from, and moreover, how are venture ideas identified and developed into viable business concepts that are introduced on the markets? From an academic perspective: there is a need to increase our understanding of the interaction between the identification and exploitation of emerging ventures, in this and other empirical contexts. Rather than assuming that venture ideas are constant in time, this study examines how emerging ideas are adjusted to enable exploitation in dynamic market settings. It builds on the insights from previous entrepreneurship process research. The interpretations from the theoretical discussion build on the assumption that the subprocesses of identification and exploitation interact, and moreover, they are closely entwined with each other (e.g. McKelvie & Wiklund, 2004, Davidsson, 2005). This explanation challenges the common assumption that entrepreneurs would first identify venture ideas and then exploit them (e.g. Shane, 2003). The assumption is that exploitation influences identification, just as identification influences exploitation. Based on interviews with design entrepreneurs and external actors (e.g. potential customers, suppliers and collaborators), it appears as identification and exploitation of venture ideas are carried out in close interaction between a number of actors, rather than alone by entrepreneurs. Due to their available resources, design entrepreneurs have a desire to focus on identification related activities and to find external actors that take care of exploitation related activities. The involvement of external actors may have a direct impact on decisionmaking and various activities along the processes of identification and exploitation, which is something that previous research does not particularly emphasize. For instance, Bhave (1994) suggests both operative and strategic feedback from the market, but does not explain how external parties are actually involved in the decisionmaking, and in carrying out various activities along the entrepreneurial process.

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In the presence of cost uncertainty, limited liability introduces the possibility of default in procurement with its associated bank-ruptcy costs. When financial soundness is not perfectly observable, we show that incentive compatibility implies that financially less sound contractors are selected with higher probability in any feasible mechanism. Informational rents are associated with unsound financial situations. By selecting the financially weakest contractor, stronger price competition (auctions) may not only increase the probability of default but also expected rents. Thus, weak conditions are suffcient for auctions to be suboptimal. In particular, we show that pooling firms with higher assets may reduce the cost of procurement even when default is costless for the sponsor.

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The goal of this paper is to reexamine the optimal design and efficiency of loyalty rewards in markets for final consumption goods. While the literature has emphasized the role of loyalty rewards as endogenous switching costs (which distort the efficient allocation of consumers), in this paper I analyze the ability of alternative designs to foster consumer participation and increase total surplus. First, the efficiency of loyalty rewards depend on their specific design. A commitment to the price of repeat purchases can involve substantial efficiency gains by reducing price-cost margins. However, discount policies imply higher future regular prices and are likely to reduce total surplus. Second, firms may prefer to set up inefficient rewards (discounts), especially in those circumstances where a commitment to the price of repeat purchases triggers Coasian dynamics.

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Un dels objectius del repositori institucional de la Universitat de Barcelona, el Dipòsit Digital (DD), és difondre en obert els resultats de la recerca dels investigadors de la universitat, principalment els publicats en revistes científiques. Per fer-ho possible es necessari treballar conjuntament amb les aplicacions ja existents a la UB i especialment amb el gestor de la recerca, GREC. &br& &br& En aquesta comunicació es presenta el projecte d'interconnexió entre el DD i el GREC. La finalitat és que qualsevol investigador de la UB introdueixi, una única vegada, les dades referents a qualsevol publicació resultant de la seva recerca, incloent-hi el document corresponent, i que aquesta informació i aquest material estigui a l'abast de tothom des del repositori.

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La reforma de Lisboa va establir un nou marc institucional en l'àmbit l'Acció Exterior de la Unió Europea. Un nou marc que ha de permetre a la UE consolidar-se com a actor global en el nou panorama internacional. S'espera que els canvis de Lisboa corregeixin algunes de les deficiències que la política exterior europea havia mostrat en crisis anteriors, mancances de visibilitat, eficàcia i coherència. Un any després de la seva entrada en vigor, les revoltes dels països àrabs durant la primavera de 2011 són la primera gran crisi que l'Acció Exterior post-Lisboa ha d'afrontar i l'oportunitat per avaluar si s'ha aconseguit corregir aquestes mancances del passat.