Estrategias para compensar las habilidades adaptativas de una persona con TCE en su núcleo familiar

Aquest treball inclou el disseny i l'elaboració d'un projecte titulat

Social Determinants of Child Health in Colombia: Can Community Education Moderate the Effect of Family Characteristics?

Contextual effects on child health have been investigated extensively in previous research. However, few studies have considered the interplay between community characteristics and individual-level variables. This study examines the influence of community education and family socioeconomic characteristics on child health (as measured by height and weight-for-age Z-scores), as well as their interactions. We adapted the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) framework to the context of child health. Using data from the 2010 Colombian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), weighted multilevel models are fitted since the data are not self-weighting. The results show a positive impact of the level of education of other women in the community on child health, even after controlling for individual and family socioeconomic characteristics. Different pathways through which community education can substitute for the effect of family characteristics on child nutrition are found. The interaction terms highlight the importance of community education as a moderator of the impact of the mother’s own education and autonomy, on child health. In addition, the results reveal differences between height and weight-for-age indicators in their responsiveness to individual and contextual factors. Our findings suggest that community intervention programmes may have differential effects on child health. Therefore, their identification can contribute to a better targeting of child care policies.

La Fundación Pere Tarrés, una propuesta para el Tiempo libre familiar

La sociedad cada vez separa más a los padres de los hijos; más allá de los problemas de estructuración familiar y los nuevos modelos de familias, la realidad de trabajo del día a día, las jornadas largas de trabajo, el hecho de tener que hacer dos trabajos al mismo tiempo, pero también el concepto que tenemos de los valores y la ética que somos capaces de adquirir y creer, imposibilitan a menudo la convivencia entre padres e hijos. La Fundación Pere Tarrés hace unos años que desarrolla acciones y propuestas en este sentido, que se adapten a las nuevas realidades, y ofrece sus recursos y capital humano, para hacer posible unas vacaciones familiares en estos tiempos tan complejos que nos toca vivir

Unstable equilibrium: young adult women in family and career formation in Southern Europe

The paper examines the relationship between family formation (i.e., living with a partner and having children) and women’s occupational career in southern Europe (i.e., Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain). The relationship is explored by analysing the impact that different family structures and male [nvolvement in caring activities have on women’s early occupational trajectories (i.e., remaining in the same occupational status, experiencing downward or upward mobility, or withdrawing from paid work). This research shows that male involvement in caring activities does not really push women ahead in their career, but the absolute lack of male support seems to negatively affect women’s permanence in paid work. These results apply to all southern European countries except Portugal, where the absolute absence of the partners’ support in caring activities does not seem to alter women’s determination to remain in paid work. The methodology applied consists of the estimation of multinomial logit regression models and the analysis is based on eight waves (1994-2001) of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP).

Experiència dels excuidadors i excuidadores principals informals que han tingut cura d'un familiar vell amb demència després de la seva mort

El treball aquí exposat té com a objectiu conèixer i comprendre l’experiència dels excuidadors i excuidadores principals informals que han tingut cura d’un familiar vell amb demència després de la seva mort. Es plantegen les hipòtesis i els objectius generals i específics. S’hi exposa també, la justificació del tema, l’interès, la rellevància a nivell social i professional, i la seva aportació en el món de la salut. En l’apartat de l’estat de la qüestió i la fonamentació conceptual, després d’una revisió bibliogràfica sobre el tema, es descriuen els diferents apartats que formen part del marc teòric: perfil de la persona gran dement que rep cures informals , el perfil dels cuidadors/es, les conseqüències de tenir cura d’una persona dement, l’estat dels excuidadors/es després de la mort del familiar vell amb demència i el procés de dol. El segon apartat inclou la metodologia, i el mètode d’investigació. A més, inclou les matrius d’anàlisi del contingut i del discurs, i es plantegen els resultats en funció dels objectius marcats. En la discussió, a partir de les dades obtingudes, es realitza la seva anàlisi, s’interpreta el resultat i es contraposa amb altres estudis consultats. Finalment s’exposen les conclusions per resumir la informació obtinguda i la metodologia utilitzada. Es realitza una reflexió sobre els aprenentatges adquirits i les aportacions del treball i s’apunten noves vies de recerca. En les referències bibliogràfiques s’especifiquen les fonts consultades i en els annexos hi consten els models d’entrevista i de matriu per a l’anàlisi de dades, el full de consentiment informat i també el buidatge i l’anàlisi de les entrevistes.

Gender and family firms: an interdisciplinary approach

This study contributes to developing our understanding of gender and family business, a topic so crucial to recent policies about competitive growth. It does so by providing an interdisciplinary synthesis of some major theoretical debates. It also contributes to this understanding by illuminating the role of women and their participation in the practices of the family and the business. Finally, it explores gender relations and the notion that leadership in family business may take complex forms crafted within constantly changing relationships. Leadership is introduced as a concept that captures the reality of women and men in family firms in a better way than other concepts used by historians or economists like ownership and management.

Networks of people in specialty production: family firms in the iron and steel Wire industries in Spain (1870-2000)

Capital intensive industries in specialized niches of production have constituted solid ground for family firms in Spain , as evidenced by the experience of the iron and steel wire industries between 1870 and 2000. The embeddedness of these firms in their local and regional environments have allowed the creation of networks that, together with favourable institutional conditions, significantly explain the dominance of family entrepreneurship in iron and steel wire manufacturing in Spain, until the end of the 20 th century. Dominance of family firms at the regional level has not been not an obstacle for innovation in wire manufacturing in Spain, which has taken place even when institutional conditions blocked innovation and traditional networking. Therefore, economic theories about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have to perform appropriately in science-based industries must be questioned

Gender and family firms: an interdisciplinary approach

This study contributes to developing our understanding of gender and family business, a topic so crucial to recent policies about competitive growth. It does so by providing an interdisciplinary synthesis of some major theoretical debates. It also contributes to this understanding by illuminating the role of women and their participation in the practices of the family and the business. Finally, it explores gender relations and the notion that leadership in family business may take complex forms crafted within constantly changing relationships. Leadership is introduced as a concept that captures the reality of women and men in family firms in a better way than other concepts used by historians or economists like ownership and management.

Networks of people in specialty production: family firms in the iron and steel Wire industries in Spain (1870-2000)

Capital intensive industries in specialized niches of production have constituted solid ground for family firms in Spain , as evidenced by the experience of the iron and steel wire industries between 1870 and 2000. The embeddedness of these firms in their local and regional environments have allowed the creation of networks that, together with favourable institutional conditions, significantly explain the dominance of family entrepreneurship in iron and steel wire manufacturing in Spain, until the end of the 20 th century. Dominance of family firms at the regional level has not been not an obstacle for innovation in wire manufacturing in Spain, which has taken place even when institutional conditions blocked innovation and traditional networking. Therefore, economic theories about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have to perform appropriately in science-based industries must be questioned

La exposición de los menores españoles a la violencia familiar

La preocupación social por la violencia de género es una realidad, tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, incluyendo en la actualidad no sólo a la víctima directa sino también a los menores expuestos. La victimología del desarrollo ha contribuido a hacer visibles a estos menores y mostrarlos no como meros espectadores sino también como víctimas que se ven privadas de derechos y libertades básicos para su correcto desarrollo. Desde una perspectiva amplia es más adecua­ do hablar de exposición de los menores a la violencia familiar, incluyéndose así no sólo la dirigida hacia la mujer sino también aquélla que afecta al hombre o la que se produce de manera bidireccional entre los padres o entre uno de los padres y su pareja (Wolak y Finkelhor, 1998). A su vez, aunque menos estudiada, también de­ be considerarse dentro de esta categoría la exposición a la violencia que los padres dirigen a los hermanos del menor.Los estudios demuestran que el maltrato no siempre se extiende a toda la fratría: incluso en los casos más graves de maltrato fisico, el 18% de los hermanos estaría a salvo del trato violento dirigido a uno de ellos (Pereda y Almirall, 2004).

Family impact in intellectual disability, severe mental health disorders and mental health disorders in ID. A comparison

Family impact (or family burden) is a concept born in the field of mental health that has successfully been exported to the ambit of intellectual disability (ID). However, differences in family impact associated with severe mental health disorders (schizophrenia), to ID or to mental health problems in ID should be expected. Seventy-two adults with intellectual disability clients of the Carmen Pardo-Valcarce Foundation's sheltered workshops and vocational employment programmes in Madrid (Spain), 203 adults diagnosed with schizophrenia from four Spanish Community Mental Health Services (Barcelona, Madrid, Granada and Navarra) and 90 adults with mental health problems in ID (MH-ID) from the Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu Health Care Site in Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain) were asked to participate in the present study along with their main caregivers. Family impact experienced by caregivers was assessed with the ECFOS-II/SOFBI-II scale (Entrevista de Carga Familiar Objetiva y Subjetiva/Objective and Subjective Family Burden Interview). In global terms, results showed that the higher family impact was found between caregivers to people with MH-ID. The interaction of both conditions (ID and mental health problems) results in a higher degree of burden on families than when both conditions are presented separately. There was also an impact in caregivers to people with schizophrenia, this impact being higher than the one detected in caregivers to people with intellectual disability. Needs of caregivers to people with disability should be addressed specifically in order to effectively support families.

Desigualdades de género en la salud relacionadas con lacombinación de la vida laboral y familiar en Cataluña

Objetivos: Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) analizar las desigualdades de género en la salud en la población asalariada, de 25 a 64 años, casada o que vive en pareja en Cataluña y 2) examinar las desigualdades de género en la relación entre las exigencias de la esfera doméstica y familiar, las horas de trabajo remunerado y la salud.Métodos: Los datos proceden de la Encuesta de Salud de Cataluña de 2006 (ESCA 2006). La población analizada fueron hombres y mujeres entre 25 y 64 años, asalariados y que convivían en pareja (N =4.537). Las variables dependientes fueron el estado de salud percibido, la salud mental, el consumo de psicofármacos y las horas de sueño. Las variables explicativas fueron el número de horas de trabajo remunerado, número de personas en el hogar, la convivencia con menores de 12 años, la convivencia con personas entre 65 y 74 años, la convivencia con personas mayores de 74 años y, tener una persona contratada para realizar trabajo doméstico.Resultados: Convivir con menores de 12 años se asoció negativamente con mala salud y con consumo de psicofármacos en las mujeres; que el consumo de psicofármacos en mujeres estaba relacionado positivamente con la convivencia con personas entre 65 y 74 años y con la convivencia con mayores de 74 años (aOR: 2,60; 95% IC: 1,41-4,80 y aOR: 2,93; 95% IC: 1,58-5,44 respectivamente) y en los dos sexos los largos horarios de trabajo se asociaron con problemas de salud mental aunque en mayor proporción en hombres.Conclusión: La combinación de las exigencias familiares y las horas de trabajo remunerado se asocia con diversos indicadores de salud con diferentes patrones en hombres y en mujeres.

Who Cares? A comparison of informal and formal care provision in Spain, England and the USA

This paper investigates the prevalence of incapacity in performing daily activities and the associations between household composition and availability of family members and receipt of care among older adults with functioning problems in Spain, England and the United States of America (USA). We examine how living arrangements, marital status, child availability, limitations in functioning ability, age and gender affect the probability of receiving formal care and informal care from household members and from others in three countries with different family structures, living arrangements and policies supporting care of the incapacitated. Data sources include the 2006 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe for Spain, the third wave of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006), and the eighth wave of the USA Health and Retirement Study (2006). Logistic and multinomial logistic regressions are used to estimate the probability of receiving care and the sources of care among persons age 50 and older. The percentage of people with functional limitations receiving care is higher in Spain. More care comes from outside the household in the USA and England than in Spain. The use of formal care among the incapacitated is lowest in the USA and highest in Spain.

El suport familiar en la malaltia mental: influència del suport familiar en el control de la malaltia en una persona que pateix un transtorn mental server

Aquest treball té com a objectiu principal conèixer si hi ha millora en el control de la malaltia d’una persona que pateix un trastorn mental sever quan disposa d’un suport adequat de la família. Els objectius específics marcats són, avaluar la càrrega familiar que suposa tenir la responsabilitat de cuidar un familiar amb malaltia mental, conèixer les actituds dels familiars de persones que pateixen una malaltia mental, involucrar a la família dins de la teràpia del familiar amb malaltia mental severa, i aconseguir un grau de cooperació i comunicació favorable de la família al pacient. Es tracta d’un estudi d’investigació quantitatiu, transversal i de tipus analític, el qual la mostra de la població estudiada estarà composta de 100 pacients entre 20 i 30 anys amb diagnòstic de trastorn mental sever segons el DSM-IV, atesos durant l’últim any en el Centre de Salut Mental d’Adults de Vic i els seus cuidadors principals o persones més properes. Es realitzarà recollida de dades a través de la revisió de les històries clíniques, informació facilitada pel terapeuta que tracta al pacient i entrevistes als familiars cuidadors o persona més propera i als mateixos pacients. Aquesta entrevista la faran professionals entrenats i competents. Amb tot això s’establirà una correlació entre les variables d’estrès, suport als familiars i el desenvolupament dels rols, i s’agruparan les variables de manera que quedin estructurades en subgrups.