Vertical integration or specialisation: producing and commercialising cotton goods (1815-1913)

This article describes the ways in which cotton goods were commercialised during the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth. Several national cases are analysed: Britain, as the Workshop of the World; France, Germany, Switzerland and the US, as core economies; and Italy and Spain as countries on the European periphery. The main question that we address is why some cotton industries vertically integrated their production and commercialisation processes, but others did not. We present a model that combines industrial district size and product differentiation to explain why vertical integration was present in most cases and why there was vertical specialisation in Lancashire and Lowell.

Vertical integration or specialisation: producing and commercialising cotton goods (1815-1913)

This article describes the ways in which cotton goods were commercialised during the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth. Several national cases are analysed: Britain, as the Workshop of the World; France, Germany, Switzerland and the US, as core economies; and Italy and Spain as countries on the European periphery. The main question that we address is why some cotton industries vertically integrated their production and commercialisation processes, but others did not. We present a model that combines industrial district size and product differentiation to explain why vertical integration was present in most cases and why there was vertical specialisation in Lancashire and Lowell.

An ordinal shapley value for economic environments (Revised version)

We propose a new solution concept to address the problem of sharing a surplus among the agents generating it. The problem is formulated in the preferences-endowments space. The solution is defined recursively, incorporating notions of consistency and fairness and relying on properties satisfied by the Shapley value for Transferable Utility (TU) games. We show a solution exists, and call it the Ordinal Shapley value (OSV). We characterize the OSV using the notion of coalitional dividends, and furthermore show it is monotone and anonymous. Finally, similarly to the weighted Shapely value for TU games, we construct a weighted OSV as well.

Els (nous?) estudiants de Magisteri

Anàlisi sobre la tipologia, característiques i condicions dels alumnes estudiants de Magisteri a Girona amb aportacions de dades estadístiques a mitjans dels anys 90

The impact of "early" nineteenth-century globalization on foreign trade in the Southern Cone: A study of British trade statistics

This paper deals with the impact of "early" nineteenth-century globalization (c.1815-1860) on foreign trade in the Southern Cone (SC). Most of the evidence is drawn from bilateral trades between Britain and the SC, at a time when Britain was the main commercial partner of the new republics. The main conclusion drawn is that early globalization had a positive impact on foreign trade in the SC, and this was due to: improvements in the SC's terms of trade during this period; the SC's per capita consumption of textiles (the main manufacture traded on world markets at that time) increased substantially during this period, at a time when clothing was one of the main items of SC household budgets; British merchants brought with them capital, shipping, insurance, and also facilitated the formation of vast global networks, which further promoted the SC's exports to a wider range of outlets.

Esperó de muntanya

DELPHINIUM MONTANUM DC. IN LAM. & DC., FL. FR. 5: 641 (1815) - L'esperó de muntanya(Delphinium montanum, Ranunculaceae) és una espècie perenne, tetraploide, endèmica delsPirineus orientals, restringida a 9 poblacions (3 de les quals no s¿han tornat a trobar recentment) iamenaçada (vulnerable [VU] segons criteris de la UICN de 2001). Tàxon objecte d¿estudi per l¿equipdel BioC des de fa uns 25 anys, des del punt de vista taxonòmic (Blanché, 1991), de biologiareproductiva i diversitat genètica (Bosch, 1999; Simon et al., 2001) i de l¿origen de la tetraploïdia(López-Pujol et al., 2007). Ha format part de diversos projectes de recerca entre els quals destacaConservación de la biodiversidad en zonas sometidas a impacto del sector turístico y fragmentaciónde poblaciones. Bases para la gestión de especies amenazadas, finançat pel Plan Nacional de I+D del Ministeri d'Educació i Ciència.

Esperó de muntanya

DELPHINIUM MONTANUM DC. IN LAM. & DC., FL. FR. 5: 641 (1815) - L'esperó de muntanya(Delphinium montanum, Ranunculaceae) és una espècie perenne, tetraploide, endèmica delsPirineus orientals, restringida a 9 poblacions (3 de les quals no s¿han tornat a trobar recentment) iamenaçada (vulnerable [VU] segons criteris de la UICN de 2001). Tàxon objecte d¿estudi per l¿equipdel BioC des de fa uns 25 anys, des del punt de vista taxonòmic (Blanché, 1991), de biologiareproductiva i diversitat genètica (Bosch, 1999; Simon et al., 2001) i de l¿origen de la tetraploïdia(López-Pujol et al., 2007). Ha format part de diversos projectes de recerca entre els quals destacaConservación de la biodiversidad en zonas sometidas a impacto del sector turístico y fragmentaciónde poblaciones. Bases para la gestión de especies amenazadas, finançat pel Plan Nacional de I+D del Ministeri d'Educació i Ciència.