Electroluminiscence and optical amplification in silicon nanostructures: towards the integration of electronics and photonics

This line of research of my group intends to establish a Silicon technological platform in the field of photonics allowing the development of a wide set of applications. Particularly, what is still lacking in Silicon Photonics is an efficient and integrable light source such an LED or laser. Nanocrystals in silicon oxide or nitride matrices have been recently demonstrated as competitive materials for both active components (electrically and optically driven light emitters and optical amplifiers) and passive ones (waveguides and modulators). The final goal is the achievement of a complete integration of electronic and optical functions in the same CMOS chip. The first part of this paper will introduce the structural and optical properties of LEDs fabricated from silicon nanostructures. The second will treat the interaction of such nanocrystals with rare-earth elements (Er), which lead to an efficient hybrid system emitting in the third window of optical fibers. I will present the fabrication and assessment of optical waveguide amplifiers at 1.54 ¿m for which we have been able to demonstrate recently optical gain in waveguides made from sputtered silicon suboxide materials.

Estudio de diferentes estrategias de operación en la reacción entre dihidroxiacetona fosfato y Z-S-alaninal catalizada por Rhamnulosa-1-fosfato aldolasa

Proyecto de investigación realizado a partir de una estancia el grupo de Biotecnología e Ingeniería de Bioprocesos del Imperial College London entre abril y julio del 2007. La catálisis enzimática es una tecnología en continua expansión en el campo de la síntesis y producción de compuestos enantioméricamente puros con actividad biológica. Concretamente las aldolasas son enzimas de gran interés industrial como biocatalizadores en síntesis asimétrica de compuestos quirales ya que catalizan la formación de enlaces C-C mediante reacciones de adición aldólica con una alta regio y estereoespecíficidad. Uno de los compuestos es el precursor de iminociclitoles, que son moléculas de gran potencial terapéutico en el tratamiento de un amplio rango de enfermedades debido a su actividad como inhibidores de glicosidasas y glicosiltransferasas. Sin embargo, para conseguir esta reacción existen problemas de solubilidad de los reactivos y productos en medios homogéneos. Una posible solución es el empleo de medios bifásicos en biorreactores de membrana. Se ha estudiado el potencial de un Biorreactor de Membrana para Biotransformaciones desarrollado en dicha reacción y, a la vez, diferentes estrategias de operación que lleven al máximo rendimiento de producto y/o faciliten su purificación tras la reacción.

Disseny i validació d’una plataforma de telemedicina de suport al tractament de pacients amb diabetis tipus 1: iDOSING

La diabetis tipus 1 és una malaltia crònica que condiciona una disminució de la qualitat i esperança de vida de les persones que la pateixen. Últimament han aparegut avenços tecnològics que poden millorar aquests paràmetres, però a costa de generar un gran volum d’informació difícil d’interpretar per part dels professionals amb l’assistència presencial actual. En aquest context hem creat i validat una plataforma telemèdica (iDosing) dissenyada per millorar la interacció metge-pacient i al mateix temps facilitar la interpretació de la informació generada pels pacients, per part dels metges; augmentant el rendiment terapèutic i el control glucèmic

Síntesi estereoselectiva de ciclobutan-1,2-diamines

En el present treball de màster s’ha dut a terme la síntesi estereoselectiva de ciclobutan-1,2-diamines protegides ortogonalment. S’han sintetitzat els quatre estereoisòmers de la ciclobutan-1,2-diamina partint d’un intermedi comú, l’àcid 2-metoxicarbonil-(1S,2R)-ciclobutan-1-carboxílic, del qual es disposen metodologies en el nostre grup de recerca per fer-ne la síntesi de manera enantioselectiva.

Generalization of the persistent random walk to dimensions greater than 1

We propose a generalization of the persistent random walk for dimensions greater than 1. Based on a cubic lattice, the model is suitable for an arbitrary dimension d. We study the continuum limit and obtain the equation satisfied by the probability density function for the position of the random walker. An exact solution is obtained for the projected motion along an axis. This solution, which is written in terms of the free-space solution of the one-dimensional telegraphers equation, may open a new way to address the problem of light propagation through thin slabs.

Association study of lipoprotein(a) genetic markers, traditional risk factors, and coronary heart disease in HIV-1-infected patients.

Objectives: General population studies have shown associations between copy number variation (CNV) of the LPA gene Kringle-IV type-2 (KIV-2) coding region, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6415084 in LPA and coronary heart disease (CHD). Because risk factors for HIV-infected patients may differ from the general population, we aimed to assess whether these potential associations also occur in HIV-infected patients. Methods: A unicenter, retrospective, case-control (1:3) study. Eighteen HIV-patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were adjusted for age, gender, and time since HIV diagnosis to 54 HIV-patients without CHD. After gDNA extraction from frozen blood, both CNV and SNP genotyping were performed using real-time quantitative PCR. All genetic and non-genetic variables for AMI were assessed in a logistic regression analysis. Results: Our results did not confirm any association in terms of lipoprotein(a) LPA structural genetic variants when comparing KIV-2 CNV (p = 0.67) and SNP genotypes (p = 0.44) between AMI cases and controls. However, traditional risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and CD4(+) T cell count showed association (p < 0.05) with CHD. Conclusion: Although significant associations of AMI with diabetes, hypertension and CD4(+) T cell count in HIV-patients were found, this study could not confirm the feasibility neither of KIV-2 CNV nor rs6415084 in LPA as genetic markers of CHD in HIV-infected patients.Highlights:● Individuals with HIV infection are at higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) than the non-infected population.● Our results showed no evidence of LPA structural genetic variants associated with CHD in HIV-1-infected patients.● Associations were found between diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, CD4(+) T cell count, and CHD.● The clinical usefulness of these biomarkers to predict CHD in HIV-1-infected population remains unproven.● Further studies are needed to assess the contribution of common genetic variations to CHD in HIV-infected individuals.