274 resultados para Calculated (Helbig et al., 2013)
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Composts are the products obtained after the aerobic degradation of different types of organic matter waste and can be used as substrates or substrate/soil amendments for plant cultivation. There is a small but increasing number of reports that suggest that foliar diseases may be reduced when using compost, rather than standard substrates, as growing medium. The purpose of this study was to examine the gene expression alteration produced by the compost to gain knowledge of the mechanisms involved in compost-induced systemic resistance. A compost from olive marc and olive tree leaves was able to induce resistance against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis, unlike the standard substrate, perlite. Microarray analyses revealed that 178 genes were differently expressed, with a fold change cut-off of 1, of which 155 were up-regulated and 23 were down-regulated in compost-grown, as against perlite-grown plants. A functional enrichment study of up-regulated genes revealed that 38 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched. Response to stress, biotic stimulus, other organism, bacterium, fungus, chemical and abiotic stimulus, SA and ABA stimulus, oxidative stress, water, temperature and cold were significantly enriched, as were immune and defense responses, systemic acquired resistance, secondary metabolic process and oxireductase activity. Interestingly, PR1 expression, which was equally enhanced by growing the plants in compost and by B. cinerea inoculation, was further boosted in compost-grown pathogen-inoculated plants. Compost triggered a plant response that shares similarities with both systemic acquired resistance and ABA-dependent/independent abiotic stress responses.
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Resultats d'una enquesta passada als assistents a una sessió clínia en un EAP. Els objectius de l'enquesta, en relació amb els professionals de la salut, són: conèixer l'ús que fan d'Internet en l'àmbit professional; conèixer quin ús fan de la prescripció web; saber si utilitzen el correu electrònic per comunicar-se amb els pacients; saber com perceben la consulta sobre informació mèdica o de salut a Internet per part dels seus pacients; i, finalment, identificar els recursos informatius sobre salut a Internet que utilitzen més, en relació amb els seus pacients.
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Sessió clínica a un EAP amb dos objectius: proporcionar als professionals sanitaris de l'EAP orientacions bàsiques per ajudar els pacients a avaluar la informació sobre temes de salut localitzada a Internet, i promoure entre els professionals sanitaris l'ús de la prescripció web per formentar l'autonomia dels pacients. El contingut de la sessió va ser: breu introducció a Internet, tendències actuals en e-salut, criteris d'avaluació de pàgines web, segells de qualitat i prescripció web.
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The performance of magnetic nanoparticles is intimately entwined with their structure, mean size and magnetic anisotropy. Besides, ensembles offer a unique way of engineering the magnetic response by modifying the strength of the dipolar interactions between particles. Here we report on an experimental and theoretical analysis of magnetic hyperthermia, a rapidly developing technique in medical research and oncology. Experimentally, we demonstrate that single-domain cubic iron oxide particles resembling bacterial magnetosomes have superior magnetic heating efficiency compared to spherical particles of similar sizes. Monte Carlo simulations at the atomic level corroborate the larger anisotropy of the cubic particles in comparison with the spherical ones, thus evidencing the beneficial role of surface anisotropy in the improved heating power. Moreover we establish a quantitative link between the particle assembling, the interactions and the heating properties. This knowledge opens new perspectives for improved hyperthermia, an alternative to conventional cancer therapies.
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The aim of this questionnaire is to assess your experience of the DEL learning process as developed by your university. The questionnaire is anonymous and it should not take more than fifteen minutes to complete.
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Els estudis de nivell superior en el marc de la Unió Europea es componen del Grau i delPostgrau (Màsters i Doctorats). Els Màsters són titulacions producte d’una formació avançada, multidisciplinària o especialitzada, dirigida a la consecució d’assoliments acadèmics enprofunditat, d’especialitats professionals o d’iniciació a la recerca. Els estudis de Màster exigeixen l’avaluació continuada del procés d’aprenentatge que es concreta finalment en el denominat Treball de Fi de Màster (TFM), vertadera pedra angular de la formació de l’estudiant. Aquest treball final està pensat per evidenciar les competències adquirides al llarg de tot elprograma formatiu i demostrar l’assoliment dels objectius globals de l’aprenentatge. És la prova definitiva de la maduresa i de la professionalitat d’una carrera feta a consciència...
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Els estudis de nivell superior en el marc de la Unió Europea es componen del Grau i delPostgrau (Màsters i Doctorats). Els Màsters són titulacions producte d’una formació avançada, multidisciplinària o especialitzada, dirigida a la consecució d’assoliments acadèmics enprofunditat, d’especialitats professionals o d’iniciació a la recerca. Els estudis de Màster exigeixen l’avaluació continuada del procés d’aprenentatge que es concreta finalment en el denominat Treball de Fi de Màster (TFM), vertadera pedra angular de la formació de l’estudiant. Aquest treball final està pensat per evidenciar les competències adquirides al llarg de tot elprograma formatiu i demostrar l’assoliment dels objectius globals de l’aprenentatge. És la prova definitiva de la maduresa i de la professionalitat d’una carrera feta a consciència...
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Els estudis de nivell superior en el marc de la Unió Europea es componen del Grau i delPostgrau (Màsters i Doctorats). Els Màsters són titulacions producte d’una formació avançada, multidisciplinària o especialitzada, dirigida a la consecució d’assoliments acadèmics enprofunditat, d’especialitats professionals o d’iniciació a la recerca. Els estudis de Màster exigeixen l’avaluació continuada del procés d’aprenentatge que es concreta finalment en el denominat Treball de Fi de Màster (TFM), vertadera pedra angular de la formació de l’estudiant. Aquest treball final està pensat per evidenciar les competències adquirides al llarg de tot elprograma formatiu i demostrar l’assoliment dels objectius globals de l’aprenentatge. És la prova definitiva de la maduresa i de la professionalitat d’una carrera feta a consciència...
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Els estudis de nivell superior en el marc de la Unió Europea es componen del Grau i delPostgrau (Màsters i Doctorats). Els Màsters són titulacions producte d’una formació avançada, multidisciplinària o especialitzada, dirigida a la consecució d’assoliments acadèmics enprofunditat, d’especialitats professionals o d’iniciació a la recerca. Els estudis de Màster exigeixen l’avaluació continuada del procés d’aprenentatge que es concreta finalment en el denominat Treball de Fi de Màster (TFM), vertadera pedra angular de la formació de l’estudiant. Aquest treball final està pensat per evidenciar les competències adquirides al llarg de tot elprograma formatiu i demostrar l’assoliment dels objectius globals de l’aprenentatge. És la prova definitiva de la maduresa i de la professionalitat d’una carrera feta a consciència...
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Particle fluxes (including major components and grain size), and oceanographic parameters (near-bottom water temperature, current speed and suspended sediment concentration) were measured along the Cap de Creus submarine canyon in the Gulf of Lions (GoL; NW Mediterranean Sea) during two consecutive winter-spring periods (2009 2010 and 2010 2011). The comparison of data obtained with the measurements of meteorological and hydrological parameters (wind speed, turbulent heat flux, river discharge) have shown the important role of atmospheric forcings in transporting particulate matter through the submarine canyon and towards the deep sea. Indeed, atmospheric forcing during 2009 2010 and 2010 2011 winter months showed differences in both intensity and persistence that led to distinct oceanographic responses. Persistent dry northern winds caused strong heat losses (14.2 × 103 W m−2) in winter 2009 2010 that triggered a pronounced sea surface cooling compared to winter 2010 2011 (1.6 × 103 W m−2 lower). As a consequence, a large volume of dense shelf water formed in winter 2009 2010, which cascaded at high speed (up to ∼1 m s−1) down Cap de Creus Canyon as measured by a current-meter in the head of the canyon. The lower heat losses recorded in winter 2010 2011, together with an increased river discharge, resulted in lowered density waters over the shelf, thus preventing the formation and downslope transport of dense shelf water. High total mass fluxes (up to 84.9 g m−2 d−1) recorded in winter-spring 2009 2010 indicate that dense shelf water cascading resuspended and transported sediments at least down to the middle canyon. Sediment fluxes were lower (28.9 g m−2 d−1) under the quieter conditions of winter 2010 2011. The dominance of the lithogenic fraction in mass fluxes during the two winter-spring periods points to a resuspension origin for most of the particles transported down canyon. The variability in organic matter and opal contents relates to seasonally controlled inputs associated with the plankton spring bloom during March and April of both years.
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The article outlines free online legal resources to conduct research on Catalan and Spanish legislation and case-law. Most of these resources are primary sources made public by government bodies. The list shows how the Spanish and Catalan governments, in their attempt to promote equal access to legislation and case-law, cover the different jurisdictions. The text also mentions some resources to conduct historical legal research about legislation and case law, and some free legal private websites.
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El fracàs de les bases del model productiu espanyol fonamentat en una baixa productivitat s'ha traduït en una incapacitat absoluta de reacció enfront de la crisi econòmica amb creixents taxes d'atur i un greu estancament del PIB. El principal repte de l'economia espanyola requereix d'apostes decidides per pilars en els quals se sustenti un nou model productiu, això és, la creativitat, la innovació i el coneixement. Aquest article abordarà en primer lloc el marc teòric en el qual s'emmarca el paper que assumeix el territori al segle XXI com a motor de canvi econòmic. Seguidament, s'identifiquessin els aspectes clau de l'actual model productiu i a continuació s'estudiarà la contribució del territori al canvi de model sobre la base de quatre grans àrees metropolitanes: Madrid, Barcelona, València i Bilbao. Finalment, s'incidirà en les recomanacions de política pública a la llum dels anteriors resultats.
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Between late spring and early fall, the development of storms is common in Catalonia. Despite the fact that they usually produce heavy showers of short duration, they can also involve severe weather with ice pellets or hail. While the latter usually affect inland regions, and there are numerous publications on these cases; the analysis of events affecting the coast and causing damage to public and private properties is not so well developed. The aim of this study is to provide additional thermodynamic indicators that help differentiate storms with hail from storms without hail, considering cases that have affected various regions of Catalonia, mainly coastal areas. The aim is to give more information to improve prognosis and the ability to detail information in these situations. The procedure developed involved the study of several episodes of heavy rainfall and hail that hit Catalonia during the 2003-2009 period, mainly in the province of Girona, and validated the proposal during the campaign of late summer and fall of 2009, as well as 2012. For each case, several variables related to temperature, humidity and wind were analyzed at different levels of the atmosphere, while the information provided by the radio sounding in Barcelona was also taken into account. From this study, it can be concluded that the temperature difference between 500 hPa and 850 hPa, the humidity in the lower layers of the atmosphere and the LI index are good indicators for the detection of storms with associated hail.
The psychosocial difficulties in brain disorders that explain short term changes in health outcomes.
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BACKGROUND: This study identifies a set of psychosocial difficulties that are associated with short term changes in health outcomes across a heterogeneous set of brain disorders, neurological and psychiatric. METHODS: Longitudinal observational study over approximately 12 weeks with three time points of assessment and 741 patients with depression, bipolar disorders, multiple sclerosis, parkinson's disease, migraine, traumatic brain injury and stroke. The data on disability was collected with the checklist of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The selected health outcomes were the Short Form 36 and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Multilevel models for change were applied controlling for age, gender and disease severity. RESULTS: The psychosocial difficulties that explain the variability and change over time of the selected health outcomes were energy and drive, sleep, and emotional functions, and a broad range of activities and participation domains, such as solving problems, conversation, areas of mobility and self-care, relationships, community life and recreation and leisure. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are of interest to researchers and clinicians for interventions and health systems planning as they show that in addition to difficulties that are diagnostic criteria of these disorders, there are other difficulties that explain small changes in health outcomes over short periods of time.