El acoso sexual en el deporte: el caso de las estudiantes-deportistas del grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte de Cataluña

Las pocas actuaciones de sensibilización en los contextos catalán y español sobre la existencia del acoso sexual en el deporte han tenido lugar durante la última década, pero el acoso sexual es todavía un tema de investigación poco estudiado. Sin embargo, investigaciones en países como Australia, Canadá, Dinamarca, Estados Unidos, Finlandia, Noruega, y Reino Unido demuestran que el acoso sexual no es un comportamiento ajeno al mundo del deporte. Ya en el año 2007 el COI hizo un llamamiento a los comités olímpicos nacionales para que empezaran a trabajar y prevenir el acoso sexual en el ámbito deportivo.El objetivo principal de este estudio, financiado por el Instituto Catalán de las Mujeres, es determinar si el acoso sexual en el deporte está también presente en el deporte catalán. Y, consecuentemente, contribuir a sensibilizar a las organizaciones deportivas pertinentes para que tengan presente que el acoso sexual que se produce en contextos deportivos es un problema a tratar desde las políticas deportivas de nuestro país. Los datos que se presentan en este estudio se han extraído de las experiencias de acoso sexual de una muestra de 214 estudiantes-deportistas de tres universidades catalanas donde se imparten estudios de ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte (CCAFD). Los datos de este trabajo muestran niveles de experiencia y de percepción muy diferentes según el tipo de comportamiento analizado. Los comportamientos percibidos como más acosadores son los menos vividos por las chicas estudiantes de CCAFD de Cataluña. Sin embargo, el trabajo constata que en el deporte catalán también hay casos de acoso sexual. Así, el acoso encontrado alcanza cifras de hasta el 6% de incidencia en algunos de los comportamientos.

Methylglyoxal Produced by Amyloid- Peptide-Induced Nitrotyrosination of Triosephosphate Isomerase Triggers Neuronal Death in Alzheimer’s Disease

Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates induce nitro-oxidative stress, contributing to the characteristic neurodegeneration found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the most strongly nitrotyrosinated proteins in AD is the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) enzyme which regulates glycolytic flow, and its efficiency decreased when it is nitrotyrosinated. The main aims of this study were to analyze the impact of TPI nitrotyrosination on cell viability and to identify the mechanism behind this effect. In human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y), we evaluated the effects of Aβ42 oligomers on TPI nitrotyrosination. We found an increased production of methylglyoxal (MG), a toxic byproduct of the inefficient nitro-TPI function. The proapoptotic effects of Aβ42 oligomers, such as decreasing the protective Bcl2 and increasing the proapoptotic caspase-3 and Bax, were prevented with a MG chelator. Moreover, we used a double mutant TPI (Y165F and Y209F) to mimic nitrosative modifications due to Aβ action. Neuroblastoma cells transfected with the double mutant TPI consistently triggered MG production and a decrease in cell viability due to apoptotic mechanisms. Our data show for the first time that MG is playing a key role in the neuronal death induced by Aβ oligomers. This occurs because of TPI nitrotyrosination, which affects both tyrosines associated with the catalytic center.

Risk Prediction Scores for Recurrence and Progression of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: An International Validation in Primary Tumours

Abstract Objective: We aimed to determine the validity of two risk scores for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in different European settings, in patients with primary tumours. Methods: We included 1,892 patients with primary stage Ta or T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent a transurethral resection in Spain (n = 973), the Netherlands (n = 639), or Denmark (n = 280). We evaluated recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival according to the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Spanish Urological Club for Oncological Treatment (CUETO) risk scores for each patient and used the concordance index (c-index) to indicate discriminative ability. Results: The 3 cohorts were comparable according to age and sex, but patients from Denmark had a larger proportion of patients with the high stage and grade at diagnosis (p,0.01). At least one recurrence occurred in 839 (44%) patients and 258 (14%) patients had a progression during a median follow-up of 74 months. Patients from Denmark had the highest 10- year recurrence and progression rates (75% and 24%, respectively), whereas patients from Spain had the lowest rates (34% and 10%, respectively). The EORTC and CUETO risk scores both predicted progression better than recurrence with c-indices ranging from 0.72 to 0.82 while for recurrence, those ranged from 0.55 to 0.61. Conclusion: The EORTC and CUETO risk scores can reasonably predict progression, while prediction of recurrence is more difficult. New prognostic markers are needed to better predict recurrence of tumours in primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients.

Evaluating the impact of filming on the number of errors committed by nursing students to determine the efficacy of simulated clinical situations

Clinic simulation as a training and knowledge method allows people experiment a real event representation with the aim of acquiring knowledge, abilities and aptitudes. The filming of the staging represents a useful tool to review the decisions taken and the actions they did, with the purpose to highlight the strengths, weaknesses and the areas for improvement. The article describes a study carried out by a group of students in second course of nursing, and it tries to evaluate if there is any influence if somebody is filming you during the clinic simulation, does it make you do more errors or not?