Take me away : Aplicació Android per compartir transport privat i els recursos que l'engloben

Take me away és un projecte SIG orientat a desenvolupar una aplicació mòbil per a Android que permeti cercar rutes de viatge coincidents de manera geogràfica amb l'objectiu final que els usuaris es posin en contacte per tal de compartir el transport privat i els recursos que l'engloben.

Kinesin-5/Eg5 is important for transport of CARTS from the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface

Here we report that the kinesin-5 motor Klp61F, which is known for its role in bipolar spindle formation in mitosis, is required for protein transport from the Golgi complex to the cell surface in Drosophila S2 cells. Disrupting the function of its mammalian orthologue, Eg5, in HeLa cells inhibited secretion of a protein called pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF) but, surprisingly, not the trafficking of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G) to the cell surface. We have previously reported that PAUF is transported from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the cell surface in specific carriers called CARTS that exclude VSV-G. Inhibition of Eg5 function did not affect the biogenesis of CARTS; however, their migration was delayed and they accumulated near the Golgi complex. Altogether, our findings reveal a surprising new role of Eg5 in nonmitotic cells in the facilitation of the transport of specific carriers, CARTS, from the TGN to the cell surface.

An Empirical Study on Faculty Perceptions and Teaching Practices of Wikipedia

Some faculty members from different universities around the world have begun to use Wikipedia as a teaching tool in recent years. These experiences show, in most cases, very satisfactory results and a substantial improvement in various basic skills, as well as a positive influence on the students' motivation. Nevertheless and despite the growing importance of e-learning methodologies based on the use of the Internet for higher education, the use of Wikipedia as a teaching resource remains scarce among university faculty.Our investigation tries to identify which are the main factors that determine acceptance or resistance to that use. We approach the decision to use Wikipedia as a teaching tool by analyzing both the individual attributes of faculty members and the characteristics of the environment where they develop their teaching activity. From a specific survey sent to all faculty of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), pioneer and leader in online education in Spain, we have tried to infer the influence of these internal and external elements. The questionnaire was designed to measure different constructs: perceived quality of Wikipedia, teaching practices involving Wikipedia, use experience, perceived usefulness and use of 2.0 tools. Control items were also included for gathering information on gender, age, teaching experience, academic rank, and area of expertise.Our results reveal that academic rank, teaching experience, age or gender, are not decisive factors in explaining the educational use of Wikipedia. Instead, the decision to use it is closely linked to the perception of Wikipedia's quality, the use of other collaborative learning tools, an active attitude towards web 2.0 applications, and connections with the professional non-academic world. Situational context is also very important, since the use is higher when faculty members have got reference models in their close environment and when they perceive it is positively valued by their colleagues. As far as these attitudes, practices and cultural norms diverge in different scientific disciplines, we have also detected clear differences in the use of Wikipedia among areas of academic expertise. As a consequence, a greater application of Wikipedia both as a teaching resource and as a driver for teaching innovation would require much more active institutional policies and some changes in the dominant academic culture among faculty members.

Work Organization Practices for Lean Production: A Study in Spanish and Brazilian Manufacturers

This work aims to discuss particular work organization practices in human resources reported as successful by companies adopting lean production principles, and investigate them through real examples observed on manufacturing plants in Spain and Brazil. A set of work organization practices was previously established by one of the authors, through interviews with practitioners of lean production and review of the literature. A series of visits and informal interviews at Spanish and Brazilian automotive parts manufacturers that follow lean production were conducted to verify that the set of policies are indeed practiced.

Entitat Metropolitana del Transport. Centre Operatiu d'Autobusos del Prat

El projecte contempla la resolució d’un Centre Operatiu d’Autobusos Metropolitans amb un programa que ha de donar cabuda a un mínim de 300 places d’aparcament de diferents mesures, tallers de manteniment, túnels de neteja, sortidors de repostatge, vestuaris, administració, oficines i serveis generals. L’emplaçament se situa en el barri de Sant Cosme del Prat de Llobregat, en un solar que esdevé la façana d’aquesta població a l’entrada a Barcelona des de l’aeroport. L’entorn el conformen els espais de protecció de les pistes que es perllonguen fins a tocar el Parc Natural del Delta del Llobregat, una zona humida protegida d’àmbit europeu. Al mateix temps, els requeriments del concurs sol•liciten mantenir un 50% de la superfície del solar com a parc urbà. Això comporta abordar la resolució d’un edifici extens, però de 3 alçades i mitja, per tal de poder encabir tot el programa. Tot i així, la proposta integra el gran volum de l’edificació en harmonia compositiva i cromàtica amb el canyissar i manté l’alçària en una cota similar a la dels edificis de l’entorn. L’àrea verda es concentra en la part de la parcel•la que té continuïtat directe amb el pati del nou Esplai del barri, per tal de optimitzar-ne l’ús. Al mateix temps, les àrees de circulació, neteja i manteniment dels autobusos se situen a la part posterior del solar, per fer-les compatibles amb la resta de requeriments funcionals i perquè la volumetria principal doni front a les vies d’entrada a l’àrea metropolitana. La cotxera està continguda en un únic volum lleugerament soterrat, per limitar l’alçària total. La construcció principal, de 120 x 55 x 14,5 metres, es troba configurada per una estructura regular que respecta les mesures i moviments dels autobusos, i per una pell consistent en una gelosia oberta en tres cares, i tancada en l’alçat nord. Aquest tancament es realitza amb prismes verticals de colors similars a la vegetació del entorn, separats harmònicament per tal de dissoldre lleument els contorns del volum. Com a contrapunt a la gran peça principal, es proposa un petit edifici vidriat que indica l’entrada a les oficines i conté les activitats administratives.Les àrees de funcionament es resumeixen en les següents:1. La circulació dels autobusos: el conjunt disposa de tres vies simultànies, una d’accés i dues de sortida, situades en línia amb dos punts de repostatge, aspiració interior i traspàs de dades i recaptacions, aptes per a ser utilitzades per tres vehicles alhora. També es disposen tres túnels de rentat previs a l’entrada a l’interior de la cotxera, amb pas per a tres carrils en by-pass. Es preveu una quarta via especial d’accés i sortida directes al taller, per situacions extraordinàries.2. La circulació dels vehicles de personal: tenen un accés i un recorregut independent al dels autobusos, amb control informatitzat. 3. La entrada peatonal de visites o personal: l’edifici disposa també d’una entrada peatonal que es produeix des de la porta principal, situada en el front del edifici administratiu.4. El edifici principal: consta de diferents nivells. El Nivell 0, a cota –1,3 m. es troba ocupat per la zona d’aparcament de vehicles privats (98 uts), l’aparcament de minibusos (20 uts), el taller d’autobusos (23 uts standard amb ITV, 2 uts articulats, 1 ut pintura articulat, 2 uts reparcions sostres), i l’àrea d’explotació i de dependències per conductors (vestidors, àrea de descans, cafeteria i espais habitables).El Nivell 1, a cota 2,4 m. està ocupat per l’aparcament de 47 autobusos de 13 m. de llarg i per 20 autobusos de 15 m.El Nivell 2, a cota 4,8 m. l’ocupen 22 places d’autobusos de 15 m., 6 places d’articulats i 37 de 13 m.El Nivell 3, a cota 7,2 m. és idèntic al Nivell 1.El Nivell 4, és idèntic al Nivell 2 i permet que la rampa continuï fins a un Nivell 5 de coberta, que excepcionalment pot convertir-se en aparcament descobert de 67 autobusos de més.La proposta contempla amb fermesa criteris de Sostenibilitat. Aquests es centren en primer lloc en la sobrietat del projecte que garanteix una organització clara en quan a circulacions i rendiment del espai i que, per tant, no malbarata més recursos dels necessaris. En segon lloc, s’aprofiten al màxim la llum i la ventilació naturals i, al mateix temps, es genera la pròpia energia per millorar la eficiència. També es resol el re-processament dels residus generats pel complex, es re-aprofiten les aigües utilitzades en els vestuaris i oficines pel rentat dels vehicles, i s’emmagatzemen les aigües pluvials per tal de complementar la generació d’energia i per escalfar amb el sol aigua calenta de neteja. En tercer lloc, es té especial cura en l’impacte ambiental del edifici, procurant adequar-lo a l’estructura urbana tant en alineacions com el alçària. També s’evita la contaminació acústica apantallant el so intern per tal de no enviar-lo a les àrees habitades, s’endrecen els accessos dels autobusos des de la rotonda de la via pública per alterar el mínim el trànsit dels veïns, i es concentra l’àrea verda en la zona on es té més contacte amb l’activitat veïnal comunitària: l’Esplai del barri.

When supply travels far beyond demand: Causes of oversupply in Spain’s transport infrastructure

Spain’s transport infrastructure policy has become a paradigmatic case of oversupply and of mismatch with demand. The massive expansion of the country’s transport infrastructure over the last decade has not been a response to demand bottlenecks or previously identified needs. For this reason, the intensity of use today on all interurban modes of transport in Spain falls well below that of other EU countries. This paper analyzes the institutional and regulatory factors that have permitted this policy, allowing us to draw lessons from the Spanish case that should help other countries avoid the pitfalls and shortcomings of Spanish policy.

When supply travels far beyond demand: Causes of oversupply in Spain’s transport infrastructure

Spain’s transport infrastructure policy has become a paradigmatic case of oversupply and of mismatch with demand. The massive expansion of the country’s transport infrastructure over the last decade has not been a response to demand bottlenecks or previously identified needs. For this reason, the intensity of use today on all interurban modes of transport in Spain falls well below that of other EU countries. This paper analyzes the institutional and regulatory factors that have permitted this policy, allowing us to draw lessons from the Spanish case that should help other countries avoid the pitfalls and shortcomings of Spanish policy.

Estudi d'un model de transport turístic en zona d'alta muntanya

El projecte consisteix en fer un estudi de viabilitat en funció de les limitacions que ofereixen unes instal·lacions de funicular i carrilet situades a la Vall Fosca i dels requeriments marcats per la seva història i la seva ubicació. Un cop finalitzat l'estudi, es procedeix al disseny d'un tren apte per les instal·lacions existents. El tren es compon bàsicament per una locomotora d'acumuladors, quatre bogis i quatre cotxes de passatgers. També es consideren els treballs de recuperació de la via malmesa pel pas dels anys.

Transport i emmagatzematge de les àmfores en l'antiguitat:l'aportació de les ciències dels materials

[spa]Las ánforas son ejemplos claros de cerámicas utilitarias que requieren de unas características técnicas necesarias para cumplir su funcionalidad: servir de envase de almacenamiento y transporte. En este trabajo se propone el estudio del comportamiento funcional de estos envases a través de la evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de resistencia y tenacidad a la fractura. Propiedades mecánicas, ámforas ibéricas, ámforas romanas, tecnología, funcionalidad.

Investigation of defect formation and electronic transport in microcrystalline silicon deposited by hot-wire CVD

We have investigated doped and undoped layers of microcrystalline silicon prepared by hot-wire chemical vapour deposition optically, electrically and by means of transmission electron microscopy. Besides needle-like crystals grown perpendicular to the substrate's surface, all of the layers contained a noncrystalline phase with a volume fraction between 4% and 25%. A high oxygen content of several per cent in the porous phase was detected by electron energy loss spectrometry. Deep-level transient spectroscopy of the crystals suggests that the concentration of electrically active defects is less than 1% of the undoped background concentration of typically 10^17 cm -3. Frequency-dependent measurements of the conductance and capacitance perpendicular to the substrate surface showed that a hopping process takes place within the noncrystalline phase parallel to the conduction in the crystals. The parasitic contribution to the electrical circuit arising from the porous phase is believed to be an important loss mechanism in the output of a pin-structured photovoltaic solar cell deposited by hot-wire CVD.

Current transport and electroluminescence mechanisms in thin SiO2 films containing Si nanocluster-sensitized erbium ions.

We have studied the current transport and electroluminescence properties of metal oxide semiconductor MOS devices in which the oxide layer, which is codoped with silicon nanoclusters and erbium ions, is made by magnetron sputtering. Electrical measurements have allowed us to identify a Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism. We observe an important contribution of the Si nanoclusters to the conduction in silicon oxide films, and no evidence of Fowler-Nordheim tunneling. The results suggest that the electroluminescence of the erbium ions in these layers is generated by energy transfer from the Si nanoparticles. Finally, we report an electroluminescence power efficiency above 10−3%. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. doi:10.1063/1.3213386

A Database of >20 keV Electron Green's Functions of Interplanetary Transport at 1 AU

We use interplanetary transport simulations to compute a database of electron Green's functions, i.e., differential intensities resulting at the spacecraft position from an impulsive injection of energetic (>20 keV) electrons close to the Sun, for a large number of values of two standard interplanetary transport parameters: the scattering mean free path and the solar wind speed. The nominal energy channels of the ACE, STEREO, and Wind spacecraft have been used in the interplanetary transport simulations to conceive a unique tool for the study of near-relativistic electron events observed at 1 AU. In this paper, we quantify the characteristic times of the Green's functions (onset and peak time, rise and decay phase duration) as a function of the interplanetary transport conditions. We use the database to calculate the FWHM of the pitch-angle distributions at different times of the event and under different scattering conditions. This allows us to provide a first quantitative result that can be compared with observations, and to assess the validity of the frequently used term beam-like pitch-angle distribution.

Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 participates in transport carrier formation and protein trafficking in the early secretory pathway

The inhibition of phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) activity by propanolol indicates that diacylglycerol (DAG) is required for the formation of transport carriers at the Golgi and for retrograde trafficking to the ER. Here we report that the PAP2 family member lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (LPP3, also known as PAP2b) localizes in compartments of the secretory pathway from ER export sites to the Golgi complex. The depletion of human LPP3: (i) reduces the number of tubules generated from the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and the Golgi, with those formed from the Golgi being longer in LPP3-silenced cells than in control cells; (ii) impairs the Rab6-dependent retrograde transport of Shiga toxin subunit B from the Golgi to the ER, but not the anterograde transport of VSV-G or ssDsRed; and (iii) induces a high accumulation of Golgi-associated membrane buds. LPP3 depletion also reduces levels of de novo synthesized DAG and the Golgi-associated DAG contents. Remarkably, overexpression of a catalytically inactive form of LPP3 mimics the effects of LPP3 knockdown on Rab6-dependent retrograde transport. We conclude that LPP3 participates in the formation of retrograde transport carriers at the ER-Golgi interface, where it transitorily cycles, and during its route to the plasma membrane.

The embryonic blood-CSF barrier has molecular elements for specific glucose transport and for the general transport of molecules via transcellular routes.

In vertebrates, early brain development takes place at the expanded anterior end of the neural tube, which is filled with embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (E-CSF). We have recently identified a transient blood-CSF barrier that forms between embryonic days E3 and E4 in chick embryos and that is responsible for the transport of proteins and control of E-CSF homeostasis, including osmolarity. Here we examined the presence of glucose transporter GLUT-1 as well the presence of caveolae-structural protein Caveolin1 (CAV-1) in the embryonic blood-CSF barrier which may be involved in the transport of glucose and of proteins, water and ions respectively across the neuroectoderm. In this paper we demonstrate the presence of GLUT-1 and CAV-1 in endothelial cells of blood vessels as well as in adjacent neuroectodermal cells, located in the embryonic blood-CSF barrier. In blood vessels, these proteins were detected as early as E4 in chick embryos and E12.7 in rat embryos, i.e. the point at which the embryonic blood-CSF barrier acquires this function. In the neuroectoderm of the embryonic blood-CSF barrier, GLUT-1 was also detected at E4 and E12.7 respectively, and CAV-1 was detected shortly thereafter in both experimental models. These experiments contribute to delineating the extent to which the blood-CSF embryonic barrier controls E-CSF composition and homeostasis during early stages of brain development in avians and mammals. Our results suggest the regulation of glucose transport to the E-CSF by means of GLUT-1 and also suggest a mechanism by which proteins are transported via transcellular routes across the neuroectoderm, thus reinforcing the crucial role of E-CSF in brain development.

Structural factors impacting carrier transport and electroluminescence from Si nanocluster-sensitized Er ions.

We present an analysis of factors influencing carrier transport and electroluminescence (EL) at 1.5 µm from erbium-doped silicon-rich silica (SiOx) layers. The effects of both the active layer thickness and the Si excess content on the electrical excitation of erbium are studied. We demonstrate that when the thickness is decreased from a few hundred to tens of nanometers the conductivity is greatly enhanced. Carrier transport is well described in all cases by a Poole-Frenkel mechanism, while the thickness-dependent current density suggests an evolution of both density and distribution of trapping states induced by Si nanoinclusions. We ascribe this observation to stress-induced effects prevailing in thin films, which inhibit the agglomeration of Si atoms, resulting in a high density of sub-nm Si inclusions that induce traps much shallower than those generated by Si nanoclusters (Si-ncs) formed in thicker films. There is no direct correlation between high conductivity and optimized EL intensity at 1.5 µm. Our results suggest that the main excitation mechanism governing the EL signal is impact excitation, which gradually becomes more efficient as film thickness increases, thanks to the increased segregation of Si-ncs, which in turn allows more efficient injection of hot electrons into the oxide matrix. Optimization of the EL signal is thus found to be a compromise between conductivity and both number and degree of segregation of Si-ncs, all of which are governed by a combination of excess Si content and sample thickness. This material study has strong implications for many electrically driven devices using Si-ncs or Si-excess mediated EL.