A territorial approach to R&D subsidies: Empirical evidence for Catalonian firms

Using a database of 2,263 responses to R&D public calls in Catalonia, during the period 2007–2010, this paper proceeds to analyse the potential interaction of the territorial and policy dimensions with the propensity to apply for, and be awarded, a public R&D subsidy. Controlling for characteristics at the firm and project level, we estimate models using a two-step procedure. In the first step, our results suggest that large firms which export and which belong to high-tech manufactures are more likely to participate in a public R&D call. Furthermore, both urban location and past experience of such calls have a positive effect. Our territorial proxy of information spillovers shows a positive sign, but this is only significant at intra-industry level. Membership of one of the sectors prioritized by the Catalan government, perhaps surprisingly, does not have a significant impact. In the second step, our results show that cooperative projects, SMEs or old firms shows a positive effect on the probability of obtaining a public subsidy. Finally, the cluster policy does not show a clear relationship with the public R&D call, suggesting that cluster policies and R&D subsidies follow different goals. Our results are in line with previous results in the literature, but they highlight the unequal territorial distribution of the firms which apply and the fact that policymakers should interlink the decision criteria for their public call with other policies. Keywords: Evaluation, R&D policies, territorial approach, clusters JEL Classifications: L53, L25, O38

Identidad territorial y promoción turística: la organización de eventos como estrategia de creación, consolidación y difusión de la imagen de marca del territorio

Gertakizun baten antolaketa paradigmatikoa da in situ bizi izandako lurraldeirudien eraikuntza-prozesuan. Parte-hartzaileen imaginario kolektiboan finkatzeko helburuaz antolatutako gertakizunak direla eta, fabrikatutako lurralde-irudiek – turistikoak zein bestelakoak– sustapen turistikorako alternatiba bitxia planteatzen dute, gertakizunaren kudeaketa-estrategian bertan dagoena. Izan ere, gertakizunak, berez, lurraldearen sustapenerako estrategia garrantzitsua adierazten du; are gehiago, irudien katalizatzaile ere bihur daiteke, eta bere osotasunean hiri-marka bat finkatzeko gai diren imaginarioak sor ditzake. Artikulu honetan, identitate-posizionamenduari eta lurralde-sustapenari dagokienean, gertakizun baten antolaketak eskeintzen dituen aukerak ezagutarazten dira.

Análisis arqueomorfológico de la llanura litoral al Norte de Valencia. Estructuración territorial y revisión de las tramas centuriadas

This paper is the result of the archaeo-morphological analysis of an area located to the north of the city of Valencia (Spain). This research has been developed in the context of one of the author’s PhD, which aims to analyse the whole of the city’s historical territory. The morphology of Valencia’s historical landscape and its different features have been analysed with a diachronic and multidisciplinary approach, combining data obtained from different types of analysis and through methodological procedures based on archaeo-morphology, traditional archaeology and landscape archaeology. For the first time, this methodology has been used in this territory. The results obtained represent a challenge regarding traditionally defended theses.

Anàlisi territorial de la vulnerabilitat dels recursos hídrics davant del canvi climàtic

En aquest capítol es descriuen els mecanismes que determinen la resposta dels sistemes hidrològics al canvi climàtic en el context de Catalunya i propostes per a determinar-ne la vulnerabilitat

The Emerging Human Rights Revolution: The Beginning of the Fifth Historical Process in the Consolidation of Human Rights

Emerging human rights are destined to modify, improve and transform a number of already traditional concepts so as to achieve greater guarantees and protection for the rights of individuals and collectivities. One of the big changes that will be brought about by the concept and conception of emerging human rights is that, following on from the processes of positivization, generalization, internationalization and specification, they represent the beginning of the fifth historical process in the consolidation of human rights, namely the process of interaction. A number of breakthroughs have already been achieved, such as the recognition of emerging biocultural rights in the recently adopted Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and shared benefits.

Intervenciones de identidad territorial en el proceso global de construcción de imagen de marca de los destinos turísticos

La competitividad emergente entre destinos turísticos ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de enfatizar las estrategias de comunicación –con el fin de crear un valor añadido intangible para el potencial cliente- encaminadas a crear una imagen favorable de los espacios que se pretenden promocionar, mediante el diseño de acciones de comunicación con objetivos que van más allá del mero interés promocional o informativo. En este sentido, tanto los emplazamientos que conciben el turismo como una solución de diversificación económica (destinos emergentes), como las localizaciones geográficas que ya disponen de una cierta solera en relación a su tradición turística (destinos maduros), aúnan esfuerzos en aras de consolidar una identidad territorial acorde con sus posibilidades turísticas. Si además se tiene en cuenta que, en la actualidad, el consumo de imágenes percibidas a priori representa, de antemano, un primer viaje simbólico previo a un posterior viaje real, se puede llegar a vislumbrar el papel decisivo que desempeña la interpretación del consumidor (creación de imaginarios individuales y colectivos) en un escenario global de comercialización del territorio. Por tanto, el valor añadido en una situación de dura competencia entre destinos, radica en los valores que se asocian a la imagen de marca turística, que representa la primera carga de sensaciones y emociones que percibe el potencial turista y/o visitante antes de decidirse por uno u otro destino.

La regió de Girona: un model territorial en transformació, amb potencial i fràgil

During the most recent years the Regió de Girona has clearly transformed its territorial model, superimposing an emerging clearly hierarchic structure to a polycentric one. This way, Girona and its urban area has gained a diversified centrality. This transformation, though, needs a clearly defined project that, adapted to the current dynamism, makes explicit and supports or corrects the resultant territorial model in order to avoid infrastructural shortages, territorial imbalances, resource wasting and negative impact on the environment