Identidad nacional, lengua y escuela = National identity, language and school

La globalización cuestiona la existencia de una relación mimética entre ciudadanía y Estado-nación. Las identidades homogéneas, sustentadas ideológicamente en nociones como «lengua nacional», plantean problemas en sociedades en las que ha crecido espectacularmente la diversidad lingüística e identitaria. Cataluña es un territorio en el que una parte de la población afirma una identidad catalana distinta a la española y viceversa. Además, se ha teorizado que la identidad catalana y la lengua catalana coexisten mutuamente. Por eso, se suceden voces que defienden la presencia del catalán en la educación escolar como fuente de la identidad nacional catalana, mientras que otras voces defienden su presencia simplemente como una buena manera de aprender el catalán cuando no se puede aprender en el medio social y familiar. En los últimos años, Cataluña ha recibido casi un millón de personas extranjeras que han modificado notablemente su situación sociolingüística. Las últimas encuestas manifiestan que un 6,3% de la población utiliza habitualmente una lengua distinta del catalán y del castellano. En este marco, mostramos las construcciones identitarias de un grupo de adolescentes de origen extranjero que están en el segundo ciclo de la ESO. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante dos grupos de discusión de seis-siete estudiantes de distinto origen, lengua propia y tiempo de residencia en Cataluña. Los resultados muestran la importancia del lugar de origen en la construcción de la identidad. Además, los participantes que afirman sentimientos catalanes o españoles no los relacionan con la lengua sino con los intercambios sociales que han establecido con sus iguales de origen naciona. Las intervenciones muestran también las dificultades para promover identidades múltiples desde el contexto escolar que eviten actitudes racistas y xenófobas y sirvan para promover proyectos colectivos de futuro en los que se pueda vivir desde una cierta diferencia

Foreign migrations and new couples in Spain. Nuptiality and Gender Imbalance in the new century

Nuptiality is not a central item in Migration Research now. In the past, especially for American countries, many scholars were really interested in marriages of immigrants, specially knowing the exchanges between different communities; that is, mixed marriages. Here is the Spanish case in nuptiality between foreign and local people.

National Identity and the Preference for State Opting-Out in the Basque Country

We argue that preferences for secession are the expression of a common unobserved mechanisms determining national identity. This paper examines the hypothesis of independence of both preferences for secession (independent Euskadi) and Basque national identity in the light of Akerloff and Kranton (2000). We deal with psychological determinants of individuals' national identity formation as well as those that influence the propensity of individuals to support the secession of their perceived ¿imagined community¿ or nation.. We undertake econometric survey analysis for the Basque Country using a bivariate probit model and publicly available data from the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research. Our results provide robust evidence of a common determination of national identity and political preferences for the secession of the Basque Country consistently with Akerloff and Kranton model.

Gender and family firms: an interdisciplinary approach

This study contributes to developing our understanding of gender and family business, a topic so crucial to recent policies about competitive growth. It does so by providing an interdisciplinary synthesis of some major theoretical debates. It also contributes to this understanding by illuminating the role of women and their participation in the practices of the family and the business. Finally, it explores gender relations and the notion that leadership in family business may take complex forms crafted within constantly changing relationships. Leadership is introduced as a concept that captures the reality of women and men in family firms in a better way than other concepts used by historians or economists like ownership and management.

Gender and family firms: an interdisciplinary approach

This study contributes to developing our understanding of gender and family business, a topic so crucial to recent policies about competitive growth. It does so by providing an interdisciplinary synthesis of some major theoretical debates. It also contributes to this understanding by illuminating the role of women and their participation in the practices of the family and the business. Finally, it explores gender relations and the notion that leadership in family business may take complex forms crafted within constantly changing relationships. Leadership is introduced as a concept that captures the reality of women and men in family firms in a better way than other concepts used by historians or economists like ownership and management.

National Identity and the Preference for State Opting-Out in the Basque Country

We argue that preferences for secession are the expression of a common unobserved mechanisms determining national identity. This paper examines the hypothesis of independence of both preferences for secession (independent Euskadi) and Basque national identity in the light of Akerloff and Kranton (2000). We deal with psychological determinants of individuals' national identity formation as well as those that influence the propensity of individuals to support the secession of their perceived ¿imagined community¿ or nation.. We undertake econometric survey analysis for the Basque Country using a bivariate probit model and publicly available data from the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research. Our results provide robust evidence of a common determination of national identity and political preferences for the secession of the Basque Country consistently with Akerloff and Kranton model.

Foreign migrations and new couples in Spain. Nuptiality and Gender Imbalance in the new century

Nuptiality is not a central item in Migration Research now. In the past, especially for American countries, many scholars were really interested in marriages of immigrants, specially knowing the exchanges between different communities; that is, mixed marriages. Here is the Spanish case in nuptiality between foreign and local people.

Dones a la ciència i a la universitat: la construcció de la identitat docent i investigadora en contextos de desigualtat

[cat] Aquest treball recull el procés i els resultats de la recerca "Dones a la Ciència i a la Universitat: la contribució de la identitat docent i investigadora en contextos de desigualtat" (2007 RDG 00001)finançada per l'Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) en la convocatòria d'ajuts per a l'estudi de desigualtats originades per motius de gènere en l'àmbit científic i universitari (RDG) per l'any 2007. La finalitat d'aquest projecte ha estat explorar i reconstruirl'experiència personal i professional de tres generacions de dones en el procés de construcció de la seva identitat com a docents, investigadores i gestores. La forma d'assolir aquesta finalitat ha estatl'elaboració de 8 històries de vida professional per tal de comprendre la relació entre les seves trajectòries i les condicions de la seva feina i esbrinar com es van convertir en la mena de donesprofessores, investigadores o gestores que ara són; així com les relacions entre les experiències personals i el desenvolupament de les seves trajectòries professionals. En aquest procés s'han posat en evidència les estratègies d'adaptació, resistència i creació que les dones desenvolupen enla seva interacció amb el context de la docència, la recerca i la gestió, les formes de violència simbòlica que experimenten, i els canvis que s'han produït al centres de recerca i les universitats catalanes des de la perspectiva de gènere en els darrers trenta anys.

Cuando Frankenstein encontró a Dorian Gray: dandysmo, post-identidad y sujetos virtuales

The appearance and popularization of the internet has created new forms of writing, which compel us to think anew about identity and subjectivity. Webjournals or blogs are specially interesting because they are a massive phenomenon that use autobiographical writing in a peculiar way. These forms of writing stress a particular paradox of the genre: the coexistence between a purpose of private, confessional and spontaneous writing and a public image, carefully built, as a result of its writing. The technology is new, but, in fact, the paradox is old. This paper tries to explore this old paradox, our eternal condition of cyborgs, our use of technologies in order to construct a public, unique and recognizably identity. In oder to do so, I will try to show the virtual condition of any written individual ¿this issue has already been dealt with by autobiographical studies¿, focusing on blogs, and especially on concrete example (Lord Whimsy¿s Journal). I will pay attention to gender as a technology that constructs identity and, at the same time, is deconstructed by the autobiographical narratives analyzed. In short, I attempt to show that virtual and autobiographical discourse do not bring forth a new kind of subject but the permanence of an old phenomenon "clearly developed by dandyism, for instance¿: the use of tehnologies to re-invent, re-formulate and re-construct us as multiple, hybrid and mixed subjects."

Dones a la ciència i a la universitat: la construcció de la identitat docent i investigadora en contextos de desigualtat

[cat] Aquest treball recull el procés i els resultats de la recerca "Dones a la Ciència i a la Universitat: la contribució de la identitat docent i investigadora en contextos de desigualtat" (2007 RDG 00001)finançada per l'Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) en la convocatòria d'ajuts per a l'estudi de desigualtats originades per motius de gènere en l'àmbit científic i universitari (RDG) per l'any 2007. La finalitat d'aquest projecte ha estat explorar i reconstruirl'experiència personal i professional de tres generacions de dones en el procés de construcció de la seva identitat com a docents, investigadores i gestores. La forma d'assolir aquesta finalitat ha estatl'elaboració de 8 històries de vida professional per tal de comprendre la relació entre les seves trajectòries i les condicions de la seva feina i esbrinar com es van convertir en la mena de donesprofessores, investigadores o gestores que ara són; així com les relacions entre les experiències personals i el desenvolupament de les seves trajectòries professionals. En aquest procés s'han posat en evidència les estratègies d'adaptació, resistència i creació que les dones desenvolupen enla seva interacció amb el context de la docència, la recerca i la gestió, les formes de violència simbòlica que experimenten, i els canvis que s'han produït al centres de recerca i les universitats catalanes des de la perspectiva de gènere en els darrers trenta anys.

Cuando Frankenstein encontró a Dorian Gray: dandysmo, post-identidad y sujetos virtuales

The appearance and popularization of the internet has created new forms of writing, which compel us to think anew about identity and subjectivity. Webjournals or blogs are specially interesting because they are a massive phenomenon that use autobiographical writing in a peculiar way. These forms of writing stress a particular paradox of the genre: the coexistence between a purpose of private, confessional and spontaneous writing and a public image, carefully built, as a result of its writing. The technology is new, but, in fact, the paradox is old. This paper tries to explore this old paradox, our eternal condition of cyborgs, our use of technologies in order to construct a public, unique and recognizably identity. In oder to do so, I will try to show the virtual condition of any written individual ¿this issue has already been dealt with by autobiographical studies¿, focusing on blogs, and especially on concrete example (Lord Whimsy¿s Journal). I will pay attention to gender as a technology that constructs identity and, at the same time, is deconstructed by the autobiographical narratives analyzed. In short, I attempt to show that virtual and autobiographical discourse do not bring forth a new kind of subject but the permanence of an old phenomenon "clearly developed by dandyism, for instance¿: the use of tehnologies to re-invent, re-formulate and re-construct us as multiple, hybrid and mixed subjects."

Violencia doméstica: sexo y género en las teorías psicosociales sobre la violencia. Hacia otras propuestas de comprensión e intervención = Domestic violence: sex and gender in psychosocial theories about violence. New approach to it comprehension and intervention

En el artículo se presenta la violencia doméstica como violencia política de género masculino. Se señalan el individualismo, la naturalización y el sexismo en el tratamiento de la violencia y la agresión así como de la identidad, por parte de la psicología tradicional, como factores que dificultan las intervenciones en la violencia doméstica. Los prejuicios, valores y estrategias de la sociedad patriarcal continúan influyendo en ellas. Desde la psicología crítica feminista se propone: a) una comprensión de la subjetividad, la diferencia sexo-género y la violencia como construcciones sociales; b) intervenciones menos autoritarias y que no participen en la reproducción del orden social; c) la incorporación de las resistencias desarrolladas; d) un análisis basado en las relaciones de poder y las prácticas discursivas

Patriarchal Hauntings: Re-reading Villainy and Gender in Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca

Criticism of Daphne du Maurier’s popular classic Rebecca (1938) can be divided into two mainstream interpretations. On the one hand, it was traditionally marketed as a gothic romance where the hero and the heroine conquered the evil women that separated them. On the other, certain feminist critics have recently provided a very diff erent view of the story, aligning it with gothic narratives that deal with the dangers women suff er under the patriarchal control of their husbands. Th is would imply that du Maurier’s novel should not be read as a traditional romance that promotes patriarchy, as the former interpretation suggested. In this article, I propose, through a Gothic Studies and a Gender Studies reading, that villainy in this novel is not exclusively linked to gender and, therefore, the victim and abuser statuses cannot be equated to femininity and masculinity, respectively. Instead, I argue that villainy in the novel is inextricably connected to being in a powerful position within patriarchy, and that it is the desire to maintain this position and perpetuate the patriarchal system that leads the main characters (men and women) to commit acts of villainy.

Carnatic music: Svara, Gamaka, Motif and Raga identity

Over the last century in Karnatik music, the method ofunderstanding raga has been to break it down into its variouscomponents, svara, scale, gamaka, and phrases. In this paper, an attempt is made to define the abstract concept of raga in its entirety within the aesthetics of Karnatik music considering the various components and their symbiotic relationship. This paper also attempts to prove that theidentity of a raga exists as a whole. Section 2 explains theconcept of a fundamental musical note or svara. Section 3 illustrates the concept of gamaka or inflections. Section 4 delves into the concept of raga in detail and then flows into Section 5 which enunciates the identity of a raga in terms of svara, gamaka, and phraseology. The paper concludes in Section 6, and Section 7 gives the references.