Concentrations of resveratrol and derivatives in foods and estimation of dietary intake in a Spanish population: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort

Resveratrol has been shown to have beneficial effects on diseases related to oxidant and/or inflammatory processes and extends the lifespan of simple organisms including rodents. The objective of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of resveratrol and piceid (R&P) present in foods, and to identify the principal dietary sources of these compounds in the Spanish adult population. For this purpose, a food composition database (FCDB) of R&P in Spanish foods was compiled. The study included 40 685 subjects aged 35-64 years from northern and southern regions of Spain who were included in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain cohort. Usual food intake was assessed by personal interviews using a computerised version of a validated diet history method. An FCDB with 160 items was compiled. The estimated median and mean of R&P intake were 100 and 933 mg/d respectively. Approximately, 32% of the population did not consume RΠ The most abundant of the four stilbenes studied was trans-piceid (53·6 %), followed by trans-resveratrol (20·9 %), cis-piceid (19·3 %) and cis-resveratrol (6·2 %). The most important source of R&P was wines (98·4 %) and grape and grape juices (1·6 %), whereas peanuts, pistachios and berries contributed to less than 0·01 %. For this reason the pattern of intake of R&P was similar to the wine pattern. This is the first time that R&P intake has been estimated in a Mediterranean country.

A new multidisciplinary home care telemedicine system to monitor stable chronic human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a randomized study.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy has changed the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in developed countries, where it has become a chronic disease. This clinical scenario requires a new approach to simplify follow-up appointments and facilitate access to healthcare professionals. Methodology: We developed a new internet-based home care model covering the entire management of chronic HIV-infected patients. This was called Virtual Hospital. We report the results of a prospective randomised study performed over two years, comparing standard care received by HIV-infected patients with Virtual Hospital care. HIV-infected patients with access to a computer and broadband were randomised to be monitored either through Virtual Hospital (Arm I) or through standard care at the day hospital (Arm II). After one year of follow up, patients switched their care to the other arm. Virtual Hospital offered four main services: Virtual Consultations, Telepharmacy, Virtual Library and Virtual Community. A technical and clinical evaluation of Virtual Hospital was carried out. Findings: Of the 83 randomised patients, 42 were monitored during the first year through Virtual Hospital (Arm I) and 41 through standard care (Arm II). Baseline characteristics of patients were similar in the two arms. The level of technical satisfaction with the virtual system was high: 85% of patients considered that Virtual Hospital improved their access to clinical data and they felt comfortable with the videoconference system. Neither clinical parameters [level of CD4 + T lymphocytes, proportion of patients with an undetectable level of viral load (p = 0.21) and compliance levels 90% (p = 0.58)] nor the evaluation of quality of life or psychological questionnaires changed significantly between the two types of care. Conclusions: Virtual Hospital is a feasible and safe tool for the multidisciplinary home care of chronic HIV patients. Telemedicine should be considered as an appropriate support service for the management of chronic HIV infection.

Dendritic Spine Abnormalities in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons Underlying Memory Deficits in the SAMP8 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

SAMP8 is a strain of mice with accelerated senescence. These mice have recently been the focus of attention as they show several alterations that have also been described in Alzheimer"s disease (AD) patients. The number of dendritic spines, spine plasticity, and morphology are basic to memory formation. In AD, the density of dendritic spines is severely decreased. We studied memory alterations using the object recognition test. We measured levels of synaptophysin as a marker of neurotransmission and used Golgi staining to quantify and characterize the number and morphology of dendritic spines in SAMP8 mice and in SAMR1 as control animals. While there were no memory differences at 3 months of age, the memory of both 6- and 9-month-old SAMP8 mice was impaired in comparison with age-matched SAMR1 mice or young SAMP8 mice. In addition, synaptophysin levels were not altered in young SAMP8 animals, but SAMP8 aged 6 and 9 months had less synaptophysin than SAMR1 controls and also less than 3-month-old SAMP8 mice. Moreover, while spine density remained stable with age in SAMR1 mice, the number of spines started to decrease in SAMP8 animals at 6 months, only to get worse at 9 months. Our results show that from 6 months onwards SAMP8 mice show impaired memory. This age coincides with that at which the levels of synaptophysin and spine density decrease. Thus, we conclude that together with other studies that describe several alterations at similar ages, SAMP8 mice are a very suitable model for studying AD.

[Notes breus (fauna)] Noves introduccions i poblament actual de peixos a l’estany de Banyoles = New introductions and present population of fishes in Lake Banyoles

Nota breu de fauna sobre les noves introduccions i el poblament actual de peixos a l’estany de Banyoles

[Notes breus (fauna)] Primera citació de brema blanca (Abramis bjoerkna) a Catalunya i noves introduccions de peixos exòtics (Alburnus alburnus, Sander lucioperca i Silurus glanis) a diverses conques catalanes = First record of white bream (Abramis bjoerkna) in Catalonia (Spain) and new introductions of exotic fish (Alburnus alburnus, Sander lucioperca and Silurus glanis) into Catalan river basins

En aquesta nota es recullen noves observacions de diverses espècies de peixos exòtics obtingudes en un mostreig efectuat de febrer a maig de 2003, en catorze embassaments de Catalunya

Presencia de la familia Helicopsychidae (Trichoptera) en la mitad meridional de España peninsular

La familia Helicopsychidae Ulmer, 1906, cuesta con unas 250 especies distribuidas por todo el mundo y pertenecientes en casi su totalidad al género Helicopsyche von Siebold, 1856, salvo una especie endémica de Nueva Zelanda: Rakiura vernale McFarlane, 1973.

La reforma de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal

El present treball pretén oferir al lector un estudi sobre el nou Codi Processal Penal com esborrany d'avantprojecte de Llei, realitzant un anàlisis dels aspectes més rellevants i innovadors que introdueix el citat Codi així com l’adaptació d’aquests a les realitats socials de cada temps. A més, la idea per la qual neix el treball és analitzar les raons per les quals s’ha vist necessari i important realitzar una modificació total de la actual LECrim, estudiant la forma en què el legislador enfoca el nou Codi així com el seu contingut, destacant les principals diferències que conté l’actual LECrim amb aquelles que el nou Codi pretén instaurar.

La biota de los ríos : los peces

Capítol 15 del llibre 'Conceptos y técnicas en ecología fluvial' que es refereix als peixos dels sistemes fluvials

Los juicios rápidos : análisis y desarrollo de su regulación procesal

Mitjançant la reforma de la Llei d'enjudiciament criminal duta a terme l’any 2002, per la Llei Orgànica 38/2002, de 24 d'octubre, de reforma parcial de la Llei d'enjudiciament criminal, per a l'enjudiciament ràpid i immediat de determinats delictes i faltes, i de modificació del procediment abreujat, es va reformar un procés especial per a l'enjudiciament de determinats delictes, mitjançant el qual es va dotar d'una major celeritat i agilització al procés penal, a causa del col·lapse de causes pendents, en els Jutjat d'Instrucció Penals. Reformant així, una nova institució dins del procés penal, els Judicis Ràpids, els quals havien estat instaurats com "Judicis Immediats" a Espanya per la Llei Orgànica 10/1992 de Mesures Urgents de Reforma Processal. Mitjançant aquesta reforma, se'ls atorga una regulació pròpia i per tant un àmbit d'aplicació propi i en els quals hauran d'estar garantits els principis d'oralitat, concentració i immediació. Mitjançant el present treball, desenvolupat a continuació podrem endinsar-nos davant aquesta qüestió de manera més profunda i compondre així una anàlisi extens sobre la reforma efectuada l’any 2002 en matèria de regulació del nou procediment per a enjudiciament ràpid de determinats delictes. Així com també, incidirem en les fases processals integrants del mateix, realitzant un estudi de les similituds i diferències d'aquest nou procediment penal confrontant amb els ja existents, i especialment atenció al procediment abreujat.

Diversificación de patrones en rutinas de solo en natación sincronizada de alto nivel

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar y caracterizar la existencia de diferencias estructurales y T-Patterns en la disposición corporal entre las rutinas de solo técnico y libre en la natación sincronizada de alto nivel. Se utilizó un diseño observacional puntual, nomotético y multidimensional. El instrumento de registro fue el programa LINCE v. 1.1. La #abilidad en la observación se determinó mediante el grado de concordancia intra e interobservador con valores de 0,9 en el índice Kappa. Se analizaron 15 nadadoras analistas del campeonato del Mundo y 11 del campeonato de España), en 19 rutinas de solo técnico) y 23 de solo libre). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial de los registros, así como una detección de T-Patterns, mediante 6eme 6 Edu. Se detectó un mayor número de T-Patterns en el solo técnico que en el solo libre. El 69,3 % (±5,7) del tiempo total de rutina, las nadadoras están en fase de apnea, siendo mayores estos porcentajes en la rutina técnica que en la libre (p<0,05). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tipos de rutina en el análisis de la posición corporal y los niveles de inmersión. En conclusión, podemos afirrmar que existen diferencias significativas entre las rutinas de solo libre y solo técnico tanto en la estructura temporal como en los T-Patterns detectados. Los programas técnicos se caracterizan por mayores porcentajes temporales en fases de apnea, elementos en baja inmersión y ejecuciones en posición inferior, así como en la cantidad de T-Patterns detectados.

Experiencia interdisciplinar de coevaluación: la percepción de los estudiantes en la Universidad de Girona : percepciones sobre la coevaluación

Peer-assessment provides multiple benefits to students during their learning process. The aim of this study is to examine students’ perception regarding peer-assessment. Surveys have been conducted before and after the peer-assessment process to students from five different subjects taught at the University of Girona. The results suggest that students have a positive predisposition respect to this methodology, both before and after being implemented. However, we found slight differences between the students of the technical field compared to those in education science