Economics breeds culture

Several recent papers document the influence and long lasting effects of technology on preferences. Simultaneously, cultural factors are often invoked to explain heterogeneity in preferences. These two ideas suggest that culture determines the short run equilibrium values of economic variables, but, in the long run, culture changes in response to the underlying economic fundamentals. We build a model in which preferences are endogenous and the diversity in preferences (the "cultural" diversity) is explained by the variation in the relevant economic fundamentals. This can help explain observed differences in labor market attachment among groups defined e.g., by citizenship, ethnicity or gender.

One-seller assignment markets with multi-unit demands

We consider one-seller assignment markets with multi-unit demands and prove that the associated game is buyers-submodular. Therefore the core is non-empty and it has a lattice structure which contains the allocation where every buyer receives his marginal contribution. We prove that in this kind of market, every pairwise-stable outcome is associated to a competitive equilibrium and viceversa. We study conditions under which the buyers-optimal and the seller-optimal core allocations are competitive equilibrium payoff vectors. Moreover, we characterize the markets for which the core coincidences with the set of competitive equilibria payoff vectors. When agents behave strategically, we introduce a procedure that implements the buyers-optimal core allocation as the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium outcome.

Educació per a la felicitat i felicitat per a l'educació.

No fa gaire, en el lapse de pocs anys, en el mercat editorial espanyol hi va haver una petita eclosió d'obres dedicades al tema de la felicitat.2 Això fou, més o menys, durant la segona meitat deis vuitanta, i potser aquesta moda va tenir alguna cosa a veure amb el fet que aquells foren uns anys d'una certa eufòria econòmica i de grans projectes. (És probable que alguns, per acompanyar l'enriquiment ràpid, també busquessin la fórmula d'un «enfelicitament» ràpid). La major part de les obres tractaven la felicitat des de la filosofia, però algunes també ho feien des de la psiquiatria, la biologia o la narrativa.

Panorama dels llibres infantils i juvenils dels anys 2010 i 2011

L"article presenta les tendències observades en la producció de llibres infantils catalans dels anys 2010 i 2011. Essencialment, la situació no ha canviat en relació amb els darrers anys i manté, a grans trets, unes característiques similars (publicacions relacionades amb dates assenyalades, predomini de la narrativa, seguiment dels gèneres de moda), tot i que s"apunten algunes variants relacionades amb la necessitat d"ampliar mercat, com ara l"augment de col·leccions per a petits lectors, la presència de títols que aposten pel missatge educatiu, l"edició de llibres acompanyats de CD i de llibres pop-up concebuts i editats aquí. L"article també repassa breument les aportacions més rellevants dels autors i dels premis publicats en aquest període.

Agenda cultural colaborativa, GeuSiAgend

En el mercado existen numerosas aplicaciones para gestionar el tiempo y llevar un control de las actividades diarias. Por otro lado, existen sistemas de consulta de eventos públicos de ocio y cultura. En este trabajo se presenta una aplicación que reúne ambas funcionalidades. De forma que se puede utilizar como agenda personal y, al mismo tiempo, permite consultar eventos públicos.

Beyond Value-at-Risk : GlueVaR Distortion Risk Measures

We propose a new family of risk measures, called GlueVaR, within the class of distortion risk measures. Analytical closed-form expressions are shown for the most frequently used distribution functions in financial and insurance applications. The relationship between Glue-VaR, Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Tail Value-at-Risk (TVaR) is explained. Tail-subadditivity is investigated and it is shown that some GlueVaR risk measures satisfy this property. An interpretation in terms of risk attitudes is provided and a discussion is given on the applicability in non-financial problems such as health, safety, environmental or catastrophic risk management

La crisi finisecular i la recomposició del món rural a Catalunya

En aquest article intentem resseguir, en primer lloc, la percepció que les classes propietàries de la terra van tenir del canvi que implicava el desenvolupament d'una agricultura capitalista, les maneres com ho van intentar racionalitzar i els projectes que van anar formulant i impulsant entre mitjan segle XIX i la Primera Guerra Mundial a mesura que avançava simultàniament la integració de l'activitat agrària en el mercat i es consolidaven els processos d'industrialització i urbanització. Tanmateix, la nostra anàlisi no es mantindrà en el pla ideològic i doctrinal, sinó que la part més substantiva la dedicarem a examinar les diverses i successives xarxes de relacions socials entre els propietaris de la terra i la força de treball predominants en l'agricultura catalana i la seva relació amb els principals canvis econòmics que paral·lelament s'anaren materialitzant

Dollarization and the relationship between EMBI and fundamentals Latin American countries

This paper presents empirical evidence on the interrelationship that exists between the evolution of the Emerging Markets Bonds Index (EMBI) and some macroeconomic variables in seven Latin American countries; two of them (Ecuador and Panama), full dollarized. We make use of a Cointegrated Vector framework to analyze the short run effects from 2001 to 2009. The results suggest that EMBI is more stable in dollarized countries and that its evolution influences economic activity in non-dollarized economies; suggesting that investors confidence might be higher in dollarized countries where real and financial economic evolution are less tied than in non-dollarized ones.

Dollarization and the relationship between EMBI and fundamentals Latin American countries

This paper presents empirical evidence on the interrelationship that exists between the evolution of the Emerging Markets Bonds Index (EMBI) and some macroeconomic variables in seven Latin American countries; two of them (Ecuador and Panama), full dollarized. We make use of a Cointegrated Vector framework to analyze the short run effects from 2001 to 2009. The results suggest that EMBI is more stable in dollarized countries and that its evolution influences economic activity in non-dollarized economies; suggesting that investors confidence might be higher in dollarized countries where real and financial economic evolution are less tied than in non-dollarized ones.

El disseny de producte identitari i diferencial

Molt sovint als mitjans de comunicació es parla de com els productes estan subjectes a les modes imperants i, fins i tot, moltes vegades nosaltres mateixos ens deixem anar en aquest sentit i adquirim productes que en altres temps no hauríem adquirit. En el disseny de productes industrials, la creació de qualsevol objecte o producte significa un repte pel que fa a les necessitats de satisfacció del futur usuari, necessitats que, en alguns casos, canvien amb el temps. Amb el producte, l'empresa intenta generar beneficis, per la qual cosa el dissenyador s'enfronta a dos grans reptes: la satisfacció de l'usuari i la rendibilitat per a l'empresa. Per a assolir-los s'han de resoldre, de manera creativa i mitjançant un conjunt d'estudis, problemes de diferent tipus: tècnics, de mercat, d'ús, ergonòmics, funcionals, estètics i formals, que es van modificant segons diferents períodes

The use of flexible quantile-based measures in risk assessment

A new family of distortion risk measures -GlueVaR- is proposed in Belles- Sampera et al. -2013- to procure a risk assessment lying between those provided by common quantile-based risk measures. GlueVaR risk measures may be expressed as a combination of these standard risk measures. We show here that this relationship may be used to obtain approximations of GlueVaR measures for general skewed distribution functions using the Cornish-Fisher expansion. A subfamily of GlueVaR measures satisfies the tail-subadditivity property. An example of risk measurement based on real insurance claim data is presented, where implications of tail-subadditivity in the aggregation of risks are illustrated.

Pass-through in dollarized countries: should Ecuador abandon the U.S. Dollar?

In this article we examine the convenience of dollarization for Ecuador today. As Ecuador is strongly integrated financially and commercially with the United States, the exchange rate pass-through should be zero. However, we sustain that rising rates of imports from trade partners other than the United States and subsequent real effective exchange rate depreciations are causing the pass-through to move away from zero. Here, in the framework of the Vector Error Correction Model, we analyse the impulse response function and variance decomposition of the inflation variable. We show that the developing economy of Ecuador is importing inflation from its main trading partners, most of them emerging countries with appreciated currencies. We argue that if Ecuador recovered both its monetary and exchange rate instruments it would be able to fight against inflation. We believe such an analysis could be extended to other countries with pegged exchange rate regimes.

Estudi per a la determinació de la composició òptima d'una barreja de pastes per a la fabricació de paper tripa industrial

El creixent ritme d’exportacions del Brasil, fa que la demanda de papers d’embalatges’incrementi constantment. El material més utilitzat per al transport són les caixes de cartróondulat (OCC). Aquestes caixes, quan se’ls acaba la vida útil, són recuperades per afabricar nou cartró ondulat. El paper de diari, que un cop llegit es converteix en un residu, nos’acostuma a utilitzar per a la fabricació de nous productes paperers, tot i estar fabricat ambfibres de qualitat elevada.Amb la utilització d’aquests materials com a alternativa es disminueix la demanda defibres verges com és el pi, que al Brasil, es troba en una situació crítica a causa de la malagestió de les plantacions.Cal dir que la part pràctica de l’estudi, que consisteix bàsicament en treball de laboratori,ha estat realitzada al Brasil, d’on provenen també les matèries primeres utilitzades. Peraquest motiu, el context de l’estudi està centrat en el mercat, en les necessitats i en larealitat d’aquest país.Aquest projecte té com a objectiu determinar la composició òptima d’una barreja depastes de pi, sisal, retalls i paper de diari, per a la fabricació de paper tripa industrial. Aquestpaper és el que es col•loca, ondulat, enmig de les capes externes del cartró multicapa

The Evolution of the European Regulatory Framework for Electronic Communications

The paper reviews the historical transformation of the European regulatory framework for electronic communications from the era dominated by state-owned enterprises to the presence of regulated competition. In the course of these developments, the vision of the roles of the public and private sectors in electronic communications changed in expected and unexpected ways. While the period is characterized by a shift toward less direct state intervention, the intensity of regulation has increased in many areas. Most recently, in the wake of the financial crisis, new forms of state intervention can be observed, including public investment in communications infrastructure and public-private partnerships. As a result of the reforms, Europe has been able to achieve major successes but it also suffered unanticipated setbacks compared to other regions. The European Union emerged as the global leader in mobile communications during the 1990s and was able to roll-out first-generation broadband access networks more rapidly than many of its peers. Recently, however, Europe as a whole has not performed as well in deploying next-generation networks and advanced mobile communications services. The paper offers a political-economic explanation for these developments and assesses their effects on the performance of the European electronic communications sector and the economy. From this analysis, the European model emerges as a unique institutional arrangement with peculiar advantages and disadvantages. Once these are recognized, sensible next steps to build the strengths while avoiding the weaknesses of the model can be seen more clearly.

Innovation and Regulation in ICT. Keys for Development

The expansion of broadband speed and coverage over IP technology, which extend over transport and terminal access networks, has increased the demand for applications and content which by being provided over it, uniformly give rise to convergence. These shifts in technologies and enterprise business models are giving rise to the necessity for changing the perspective and scope of the Universal Service and of the regulation frameworks, with this last one based in the same principles as always but varying its application. Several aspects require special and renewed attention, such as the definition of relevant markets and dominant operators, the role of packages, interconnection of IP networks, network neutrality, the use of the spectrum with a vision of value for the citizenship, the application of the competition framework, new forms of licensing, treatment of the risk in the networks, changes in the regulatory authorities, amongst others. These matters are treated from the perspective of the actual trends in the world and its conceptual justification.