Tema y narración en Eyes Wide Shut

A partir de la complejidad argumental y temática de la película Eyes Wide Shut, dirigida por Stanley Kubrick, se presenta una propuesta interpretativa que analiza la relación entre el tema de la película, la trama narrativa y la novela en que se basa, Traumnovelle (Relato soñado), de Arthur Schnitzler. La estructura argumental se sostiene en un elemento temático específico, los impulsos sexuales de una pareja –y los sueños y las fantasías vinculados–, en una trama en la que se suceden episodios que representan estos impulsos. Las escenas proyectan las tendencias del inconsciente de los personajes (en sueños, en fantasías y también en situaciones dudosamente reales) de forma cada vez más intensa, hasta llegar al anticlímax de cotidianidad con que concluye la película.

Cultural events and tourist development in Catalonia (Spain)

From the point of view of local development cultural tourism events represent an opportunity since they are distributed homogeneously by the Catalan territory and are experiencing a vertiginous growth as a way to differentiate the existing supply. In our study a sample of 264 telephone surveys made to organizers of events in Catalonia has been compiled, with the purpose of characterizing the existing supply, thematic typologies, management models, commercialization inputs and economic impact. The results allow us to characterize events from the point of view of their tourist potential. Finally some recommendations are set out to develop future tourism policies based on events according to product differentiation, seasonality, competitiveness and creativity.

Catalogación y valoración de las webquests desde el área de educación física y el tratamiento de temáticas transversales

Gears of the current millennium have been activated by the hit entry into the information society that has generated a whole range of social and educational changes, it is difficult to stay out of their influence, such as: the dizzying presence of new technologies (NNTT) and the entrenchment of a crisis of values. Physical education has been affected by this avalanche of developments that have sparked the birth of original teaching and learning tools that can be applied in the classroom. In this sense, WebQuests have been configured as a unifying and educational activities that allow addressing the treatment of specific thematic area that we are dealing with the work of certain cross¿cutting. But how do you know what product we have before us, what is its effectiveness? What criteria will allow us to classify it as a fit and capable of being applied in our particular educational context? To clarify these and other issues that any teacher could arise before the election of a multimedia educational materials, our particular object of study has a double claim on the one hand, developing two tools: the card catalog and the heading of Valuation of WebQuests and secondly, to apply these tools in order to find out / determine the degree of quality of a sample of WebQuests. In this article sets forth, in summary form, the various stages of what our research has gone since the establishment of a synthesized theoretical basis, via the definition of the basic guidelines for the design of the exhibition and research results and ending with The list of the ideas and proposals arising from thework.

Systematic review protocol to define classical IgE-associated diseases from birth to adolescence: the MeDALL study

BACKGROUND: Classical disease phenotypes are mainly based on descriptions of symptoms and the hypothesis that a given pattern of symptoms provides a diagnosis. With refined technologies there is growing evidence that disease expression in patients is much more diverse and subtypes need to be defined to allow a better targeted treatment. One of the aims of the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project (MeDALL,FP7) is to re-define the classical phenotypes of IgE-associated allergic diseases from birth to adolescence, by consensus among experts using a systematic review of the literature and identify possible gaps in research for new disease markers. This paper describes the methods to be used for the systematic review of the classical IgE-associated phenotypes applicable in general to other systematic reviews also addressing phenotype definitions based on evidence. METHODS/DESIGN: Eligible papers were identified by PubMed search (complete database through April 2011). This search yielded 12,043 citations. The review includes intervention studies (randomized and clinical controlled trials) and observational studies (cohort studies including birth cohorts, case-control studies) as well as case series. Systematic and non-systematic reviews, guidelines, position papers and editorials are not excluded but dealt with separately. Two independent reviewers in parallel conducted consecutive title and abstract filtering scans. For publications where title and abstract fulfilled the inclusion criteria the full text was assessed. In the final step, two independent reviewers abstracted data using a pre-designed data extraction form with disagreements resolved by discussion among investigators. DISCUSSION: The systematic review protocol described here allows to generate broad,multi-phenotype reviews and consensus phenotype definitions. The in-depth analysis of the existing literature on the classification of IgE-associated allergic diseases through such a systematic review will 1) provide relevant information on the current epidemiologic definitions of allergic diseases, 2) address heterogeneity and interrelationships and 3) identify gaps in knowledge.

Comisiones de la verdad y justicia penal en contextos de transición

Una de las cuestiones más controvertidas en la problemática de la justicia de transición es la relativa a las Comisiones de la Verdad. En este artículo se analizan estos órganos de investigación desde el prisma de la obligación de proveer justicia ante las graves violaciones de derechos humanos y se plantea en qué condiciones una fórmula basada en la verdad y la reparación puede servir a los fines de la justicia penal.

Use and perception of urban green spaces in Barcelona

Background: Although the mechanisms are not well understood yet, evidence exists of the benefits of urban green spaces for human health. As a consequence, one of the concerns of public health interventions must be to promote the use of urban green spaces within cities. Aims: This study aims to explore the citizens’ purposes of use of urban green spaces as well as the elements related to the characteristics of these places that condition their use. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with non-hospitalised people living in different areas of Barcelona, with different socioeconomic status and different residential distance to urban green spaces (n = 20). Thematic content analysis of the qualitative data was performed. Results: Physical pursuits and attention restoration were identified as prominent purposes of use of urban green spaces. The natural features of urban green spaces were identified as the most relevant determiners for the use of these places. Conclusions: To promote the use of urban green spaces, qualitative findings from this study suggest that purpose-built places should be provided. Moreover, natural features of urban green spaces must be particularly taken into account when designing and maintaining them.

Valoración de las necesidades formativas de los profesionales de enfermería frente a los usuarios inmigrantes de culturas ajenas a la propia: estudio sobre las barreras de comunicación dentro del ámbito de atención primaria

Este trabajo tiene como finalidad identificar que áreas temáticas en relación a la salud, y en el caso de que existan, necesitan cubrir los profesionales de enfermería, teniendo en cuenta los factores asociados a la diversidad cultural, para que sea de eficaz y eficiente la atención a usuarios de otras culturas en sus consultas. Dentro de los objetivos específicos, se plantea en primer lugar, determinar las áreas temáticas de mayor importancia que deberán estar presentes en un programa de intervención de diversidad cultural para mejorar la calidad en la asistencia a usuarios de otras culturas desde la atención de enfermería. Por otro lado se propondrán estrategias de intervención para mejorar la comunicación entre los profesionales de la salud y la población inmigrante de habla no hispana. Dentro del ámbito de investigación cualitativa este proyecto se definirá mediante el paradigma construccionista interpretativo. Los participantes en el estudio serán profesionales de enfermería del CAP Vic Sud y CAP Vic Nord (Osona) con más de 6 años de experiencia en atención primaria y con un cupo de población asignada un mínimo de un 15% de usuarios de procedencia extranjera de una cultura ajena. Para acceder a la información se llevará a cabo la entrevista semiestructurada realizada de forma individual a cada profesional de enfermería, y la observación participante que se llevará a cabo en el centro y las consultas. Para el análisis de esta información previamente recogida mediante una guía de categorías de análisis, de la que se obtendrá una descripción general que capta la opinión de los participantes y de las áreas a traba

Les personificacions instrumentals locals: estat de la qüestió

En la primera part d"aquest article s"analitza el fenomen de les personificacions instrumentals locals (PIL), tant de les funcionals (organismes autònoms, entitats públiques empresarials i societats mercantils locals), com de les cooperatives (mancomunitats, consorcis i societats mercantils constituïdes per diversos ens locals). L"estudi inclou dues dimensions: la quantitativa, que centra el seu objectiu en determinar el nombre de personificacions existents i classificar-les; i la qualitativa, en la qual l"anàlisi persegueix descriure i caracteritzar el fenomen i explicar els seus problemes i dificultats de funcionament, com també els criteris de funcionalitat i les alternatives a la seva constitució. La segona part del treball revela com s"ha invertit la tendència al creixement que havia caracteritzat el fenomen de les PIL. L"estudi dels projectes de llei aprovats el mes de juliol de 2013 pels governs estatal (de Racionalidad y Sostenibilidad de la Administración Local) i català (de governs locals de Catalunya) mostra que les propostes normatives contenen limitacions severes a la creació d"aquestes personificacions i d"altres ens vinculats a les entitats locals, així com un conjunt de mesures restrictives tendents al redimensionament del sector públic local, que, si s"aproven finalment, constituiran una manifestació més del declinar de l"auge de les PIL.

Core communication components along the cancer care process: the perspective of breast cancer patients

This study sought to assess the impact of health care professional (HCP) communication on breast cancer patients across the acute care process as perceived by patients. Methodological approach was based on eight focus groups conducted with a sample of patients (n ¼ 37) drawn from 15 Spanish Regions; thematic analysis was undertaken using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) framework of HCP communication as the theoretical basis. Relevant results of this study were the identification of four main communication components: (1) reassurance in coping with uncertainty after symptom detection and prompt access until confirmed diagnosis; (2) fostering involvement before delivering treatments, by anticipating information on practical and emotional illness-related issues; (3) guidance on the different therapeutic options, through use of clinical scenarios; and, (4) eliciting the feeling of emotional exhaustion after ending treatments and addressing the management of potential treatment-related effects. These communication-related components highlighted the need for a comprehensive approach in this area of cancer care

Limnological research in the Iberian Peninsula: a ten-year survey of published literature.

Research on limnology in southern Europe had achieved a notable presence in the international arena before the onset of the current dramatic cuts in public investment in science. We assessed the limnological research published in peer-reviewed journals by Spanish and Portuguese (i.e., Iberian) researchers during the decade prior to the economic recession (2000 to 2009). The Thompson Reuters Web of Knowledge database was used to retrieve all publications on limnology authored by researchers affiliated with Spanish or Portuguese institutions independently of the geographical setting of the study. The publishing pattern was characterised in terms of authors, journals, and citation statistics. In addition, a thematic characterisation of the research was performed by a manual assignation of several categorical descriptors combined with a blind word count analysis. Iberian researchers produced an annual mean of 278 papers on limnology. Papers were published in journals that had impact factors ranging from 0.1 to 31.4, with a mean of 2.0. Based on citations, the impact of the Iberian limnological research was not due to a few highly cited papers but rather to a wide number of publications; each paper received a mean of 8 citations. The Iberian limnological research involved up to 5460 researchers, with a mean of 4.3 authors per paper. The research largely focused on fluvial systems, with 47 % of total publications (2778) devoted to these ecosystems. There was a dominant focus on local, within-system aspects of study sites and the research was mostly restricted to the Iberian Peninsula; larger spatial scales of analysis (i.e., landscape, regional, or global) tended to be overlooked. Iberian research addressed fundamental (75 %) rather than applied (17 %) or methodological (5 %) questions and was vastly dominated by observational approaches (75 %). Interestingly, Iberian limnological research increased its scientific productivity during the analysed decade at a higher rate than its international counterpart (increase of 119 %). Overall, Iberian research on limnology appeared to be in good health during the analysed decade. Certain areas have been more studied than others, which opens opportunities to develop new research.

Experiència dels cuidadors i les cuidadores principals informals que tenen cura d'un familiar vell amb demència des de fa més de quatre anys

El treball que es presenta vol respondre la pregunta de quina és l’experiència dels cuidadors i les cuidadores principals informals que tenen cura d’un familiar vell amb demència des de fa més de 4 anys. Després de plantejar les hipòtesis de partida, es defineixen els objectius generals i específics i s’expliquen l’interès, la justificació, la rellevància i l’aportació d’aquest estudi. En l’apartat corresponent a l’estat de la qüestió i la fonamentació conceptual, després de fer una revisió bibliogràfica, es descriuen els elements que formen part d’aquesta temàtica: perfils dels receptors de cures i de les cuidadores, significat de tenir cura, vida quotidiana i qualitat de vida i descripció del model conceptual de Virginia Henderson. En el capítol següent s’exposen la metodologia, el paradigma i el mètode d’investigació utilitzats en aquest treball, així com les matrius d’anàlisi del contingut i del discurs. A partir d’aquí s’exposen els resultats en funció dels objectius plantejats. En la discussió, s’analitzen i s’interpreten les dades obtingudes i es contraposen amb altres estudis, a més de fer-se una reflexió personal sobre els aprenentatges adquirits i una proposta de línies de treball futures. A continuació s’exposen unes conclusions per resumir la informació obtinguda. En la secció de referències bibliogràfiques es detallen les fonts consultades, i en els annexos hi consten els models d’entrevista i de matriu per a l’anàlisi de dades, el full de consentiment informat, així com el buidatge i l’anàlisi de les entrevistes.

Acogimiento en familia extensa: un estudio desde la perspectiva de los acogedores, de los niños y niñas acogidos y de los profesionales que intervienen. = Kinship foster care: a study from the perspective of the caregivers, the children and the child welfare workers

Desde hace aproximadamente dos décadas, en la mayoría de los países occidentales, los acogimientos en familia extensa han entrado a formar parte de los sistemas de protección infantil, siguiendo una evolución creciente en cuanto a número y peso especifico como recurso de acogimiento. Las investigaciones sobre este fenómeno son aún recientes y escasas como también lo son los programas dirigidos a esta población. En el presente artículo presentamos los resultados de un estudio descriptivo sobre los acogimientos en familia extensa en la ciudad de Barcelona, donde se recogen datos de los principales agentes implicados en este fenómeno. Desde la perspectiva de los estudios de la calidad de vida se analizan las percepciones, evaluaciones, y satisfacción expresada, por parte de los acogedores, los niños/as acogidos y los profesionales de los Equipos de Atención a la Infancia y Adolescencia (EAIA) que se encargan del estudio y seguimiento de estos acogimientos. La investigación presenta unos resultados acordes con los estudios que actualmente se realizan en este ámbito y sienta las bases para el despliegue futuro de programas dirigidos a los acogimientos en familia extensa

From "being to the self" to "become to be": on development of autonomy construction in nursing students

Objective: To understand nursing student's self-consciousness and his/her autonomy in the discipline of fundamentals of professional care in the context of a liberating pedagogical proposal. Methodology. This qualitative, case-based research in the model of Ludke and André involved 14 students participating in the discipline. Data were collected by non-participatory observation and analysis of documents. Field observation was conducted from March to July 2010 and data were collected according to the proposal of Minayo: pre-analysis, exploration of material and treatment of results. Results. We constructed two thematic units of analysis: from "being to the self" and exercise of "become to be". Conclusion. When nursing students feel more liberty, they have the opportunity to substitute the scary prospect of learning something new material to something that motivates their curiosity and leads them to become more autonomous.