Monte Carlo study of a kinetic lattice model with random diffusion of disorder

We report Monte Carlo results for a nonequilibrium Ising-like model in two and three dimensions. Nearest-neighbor interactions J change sign randomly with time due to competing kinetics. There follows a fast and random, i.e., spin-configuration-independent diffusion of Js, of the kind that takes place in dilute metallic alloys when magnetic ions diffuse. The system exhibits steady states of the ferromagnetic (antiferromagnetic) type when the probability p that J>0 is large (small) enough. No counterpart to the freezing phenomena found in quenched spin glasses occurs. We compare our results with existing mean-field and exact ones, and obtain information about critical behavior.

Análisis de la productividad de miera entre diferentes métodos de resinación en un monte de la Serranía Baja de Cuenca

Aquest treball, desenvolupat en una forest de la serralada de Cuenca, durant el primer any de resinació, ofereix resultats de producció obtinguts en funció de variables dendromètriques dels peus, qualitat d'estació, mida de la ferida i considerant els factors: (i) eina, manual o mecanitzada, i (ii) sentit d'avanç de les piques, ascendent o descendent. Així, el diàmetre dels pins, la qualitat d'estació i la superfície foliar, apareixen més determinants sobre la producció que la superfície de la ferida practicada. El mètode descendent s'evidencia millor que l'oposat, mentre que l'eina utilitzada va resultar indiferent.

Proyecto de construcción de senda ecoforestal de 6 km. desde "la antena de RTVE" hasta "cañada honda" en el monte Valonsadero (término municipal de Soria)

El present projecte defineix les obres necessàries per a la construcció d'una Senda Eco-forestal de 6 km de longitud des de la “Antena de RTVE” fins a “Cañada Honda” a la muntanya “Valonsadero” (Terme Municipal de Soria). S'inclou la realització dels càlculs i mesuraments pertinents, per determinar el disseny del traçat, talussos, desmunts, paviment, cunetes, canons, senyalització de la via i construcció d'elements auxiliars en dues Àrees de descans amb la finalitat d'oferir diferents serveis a l'usuari i satisfer diversos usos i objectius (recreatius, protectors, divulgatius, forestals, ramaders, extinció d'incendis, etc.).

A semi-grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation model for ion binding to ionizable surfaces: Proton binding of carboxylated latex particles as a case study

In this paper, we present a computer simulation study of the ion binding process at an ionizable surface using a semi-grand canonical Monte Carlo method that models the surface as a discrete distribution of charged and neutral functional groups in equilibrium with explicit ions modelled in the context of the primitive model. The parameters of the simulation model were tuned and checked by comparison with experimental titrations of carboxylated latex particles in the presence of different ionic strengths of monovalent ions. The titration of these particles was analysed by calculating the degree of dissociation of the latex functional groups vs. pH curves at different background salt concentrations. As the charge of the titrated surface changes during the simulation, a procedure to keep the electroneutrality of the system is required. Here, two approaches are used with the choice depending on the ion selected to maintain electroneutrality: counterion or coion procedures. We compare and discuss the difference between the procedures. The simulations also provided a microscopic description of the electrostatic double layer (EDL) structure as a function of pH and ionic strength. The results allow us to quantify the effect of the size of the background salt ions and of the surface functional groups on the degree of dissociation. The non-homogeneous structure of the EDL was revealed by plotting the counterion density profiles around charged and neutral surface functional groups. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.

Aportació a la flora micològica del Parc Nacional d'Ordesa i Monte Perdido (Prineus Centrals)

Present em un catàleg florístic de les espècies recol.lectades en el curs d'una exploració del Parc Nacional d'Ordesa i Monte Perdido (Pirineus centrals) a la tardor de 1989. en el qual comentem i il.lustrem les que considerem més interessants. com són Lentinus adhaerens (A. et S. : Fr.) Fr.. Naucoria permixta P. D. Orton, Tephrocybe baeosperma (Romagn.) Moser i Xeromphalina cornuí (Quél.) Favre.

Effect of the surface charge discretization on electric double layers. A Monte Carlo simulation study

The structure of the electric double layer in contact with discrete and continuously charged planar surfaces is studied within the framework of the primitive model through Monte Carlo simulations. Three different discretization models are considered together with the case of uniform distribution. The effect of discreteness is analyzed in terms of charge density profiles. For point surface groups,a complete equivalence with the situation of uniformly distributed charge is found if profiles are exclusively analyzed as a function of the distance to the charged surface. However, some differences are observed moving parallel to the surface. Significant discrepancies with approaches that do not account for discreteness are reported if charge sites of finite size placed on the surface are considered.

Vacancy-assisted domain-growth in asymmetric binary alloys: A Monte Carlo Study

A Monte Carlo simulation study of the vacancy-assisted domain growth in asymmetric binary alloys is presented. The system is modeled using a three-state ABV Hamiltonian which includes an asymmetry term. Our simulated system is a stoichiometric two-dimensional binary alloy with a single vacancy which evolves according to the vacancy-atom exchange mechanism. We obtain that, compared to the symmetric case, the ordering process slows down dramatically. Concerning the asymptotic behavior it is algebraic and characterized by the Allen-Cahn growth exponent x51/2. The late stages of the evolution are preceded by a transient regime strongly affected by both the temperature and the degree of asymmetry of the alloy. The results are discussed and compared to those obtained for the symmetric case.

Monte Carlo simulation of x-ray emission by kilovolt electron bombardment

A physical model for the simulation of x-ray emission spectra from samples irradiated with kilovolt electron beams is proposed. Inner shell ionization by electron impact is described by means of total cross sections evaluated from an optical-data model. A double differential cross section is proposed for bremsstrahlung emission, which reproduces the radiative stopping powers derived from the partial wave calculations of Kissel, Quarles and Pratt [At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 28, 381 (1983)]. These ionization and radiative cross sections have been introduced into a general-purpose Monte Carlo code, which performs simulation of coupled electron and photon transport for arbitrary materials. To improve the efficiency of the simulation, interaction forcing, a variance reduction technique, has been applied for both ionizing collisions and radiative events. The reliability of simulated x-ray spectra is analyzed by comparing simulation results with electron probe measurements.

Monte Carlo simulation of x-ray spectra generated by kilo-electron-volt electrons

We present a general algorithm for the simulation of x-ray spectra emitted from targets of arbitrary composition bombarded with kilovolt electron beams. Electron and photon transport is simulated by means of the general-purpose Monte Carlo code PENELOPE, using the standard, detailed simulation scheme. Bremsstrahlung emission is described by using a recently proposed algorithm, in which the energy of emitted photons is sampled from numerical cross-section tables, while the angular distribution of the photons is represented by an analytical expression with parameters determined by fitting benchmark shape functions obtained from partial-wave calculations. Ionization of K and L shells by electron impact is accounted for by means of ionization cross sections calculated from the distorted-wave Born approximation. The relaxation of the excited atoms following the ionization of an inner shell, which proceeds through emission of characteristic x rays and Auger electrons, is simulated until all vacancies have migrated to M and outer shells. For comparison, measurements of x-ray emission spectra generated by 20 keV electrons impinging normally on multiple bulk targets of pure elements, which span the periodic system, have been performed using an electron microprobe. Simulation results are shown to be in close agreement with these measurements.