Del verum-factum al verum-certum [1]

La posición filosófica viquiana en el De Antiquissima ha sido interpretada de forma dominante como escéptica, apoyándose en dos argumentos de desigual carácter. Uno de ellos se alimenta de la crítica del napolitano a Descartes, al ser considerado el filósofo francés como símbolo de la posibilidad de la conquista de la evidencia y como modelo de filosofía antiescéptica.El segundo argumento se inspira en el verum-factum como criterio fundamental de su filosofía. Vico lo formula como alternativa al cartesiano criterio de la claridad y distinción; pero, el efecto del mismo, en su formulación más radical y tópica, lejos de propiciar la conquista de la evidencian más bien parece alejar esta posibilidad respecto a la totalidad del mundo real, sea la naturaleza sea la sociedad, reservándola de forma estricta y exclusiva para el reino fingido de los entes matemáticos. Esto,unido a la falta de una exacta comprensión de la relación del verum-factum con el verum-certum de la Scienza Nuova, simbolizando ésta el momento de fundamentación de una ciencia (en sentido fuerte) del mundo de las naciones, propiciará la tesis de las dos filosofías viquianas, basadas cada una de ellas en sus respectivas epistemologías del verum-factum y del verum-certum.

Respeto o vampirización. El arte como"almacén" inagotable de ideas creativas al alcance de la publicidad

Since the begínning ofAdvertising, art has been a source ofinexhaustible inspiration for the advertising creative, who have used or misused it with any limits. With more or less direct references to artists, pieces or art movements, to references to the act ofart creation itself and certain aesthetic categories. Taking into account the various semantic versions that art offers, with multiple connotative lectures, this use has not been much profitable in many occasions, not as much as it could have been. However, in other circumstances, thís use has been vampirizing, only preoccupied for the audience impact ofa well knowll reference, but despising it and reducing it to a mere reclaim. In the case ofGiocconda by Leonardo da Vinci or the Birth ofVenus by Bottícelli are significant examples ofthis use, maybe popular, ofthe art productíon. That is to say that the depository was used as a source ofreferences to enrich the lectures ofthe advertising pieces (for instance, the excellent Citroen Xsara Picasso advertisement with the fordism mass production chain) or ¡ust to allow a higher t1Otoriety (like the Chupa-Chups advertisement where the Mona Lisa heartily sucks one ofthe mythical sweets with a stick). Thanks to a selected advertising pieces, graphical and audiovisual, we will be able to go through this kind ofadvertising creation logistics, from the moment that this one decided to call out these art references that were sleeping dreamingly Oll the fair in a depository until this strictly cultural moment came.

Descartes wears Converse: Liberal Arts for the Twenty-First Century Student

Students today have a different way of relating to information due to the new media channels that have arisen in the last decades. These have changed the way high-school and undergraduate students learn and they have altered the manner by which they perceive the world. Today’s Education Theory must take this fact into account in order to enhance the student’s learning process. The objective of this project is to give an example of how this enhancement may be achieved. First, it will give a brief overview of the relation between today’s young generations and the different channels of information; secondly, it will analyze the cognitive, psychological and educational theories that explain how the human brain learns and the important value that nonverbal information has for the memory system; afterwards, it will focus on this nonverbal information, looking at the possible effects that it may have on human memory and learning; finally, it will give an example of the practical implementation of this theory through the presentation of three animated instructional videos that have been created with the specific aim of enhancing the young generation’s understanding of some complex subjects of the Liberal Arts.