34 resultados para PULIDO


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Projecte final de carrera fet amb tecnologies J2EE, emprant el llenguatje Java.

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L’apport de cet article réside dans le concept de «laïcité multiculturelle». Dans les sociétés du XXIe siècle, ce concept représente un progrès vers une égalité de différences où toutes les croyances et religions seraient traitées de façon égalitaire. Le principe de laïcité a constitué un pas en avant vers une plus grande égalité des droits, en Europe la démarche a été au début du XXe siècle. Un siècle plus tard, l’impact sans précédents du phénomène international des migrations a rendu les sociétés européennes multiculturelles de nouveau. Dans ce nouveau cadre, la conception traditionnelle de la laïcité, au lieu d’assurer l’égalité des droits, est devenu un principe arbitraire nuisant, plus particulièr ement à la communauté musulmane. Pour surmonter le trait discriminatoire de la conception traditionnelle de laïcité envers certaines confessions, un nouveau concept s’ avère nécessaire, celui d’une «laïcité multiculturelle» fondée sur l’égalité de différences et le dialogue égalitaire entre les différentes cultures.

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L"apport de cet article réside dans le concept de « laïcité multiculturelle ». Dans les sociétés du XXIe siècle, ce concept représente un progrès vers une égalité de différences où toutes les croyances et religions seraient traitées de façon égalitaire. Le principe de laïcité a constitué un pas en avant vers une plus grande égalité des droits, en Europe la démarche a été au début du XXe siècle. Un siècle plus tard, l"impact sans précédents du phénomène international des migrations a rendu les sociétés européennes multiculturelles de nouveau. Dans ce nouveau cadre, la conception traditionnelle de la laïcité, au lieu d"assurer l"égalité des droits, est devenu un principe arbitraire nuisant, plus particulièrement à la communauté musulmane. Pour surmonter le trait discriminatoire de la conception traditionnelle de laïcité envers certaines confessions, un nouveau concept s"avère nécessaire, celui d"une « laïcité multiculturelle » fondée sur l"égalité de différences et le dialogue égalitaire entre les différentes cultures.

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Simulació de certificació energètica d'un edifici de turismo rural existent situat al municipi de Tavertet mitjançant els procediments i els diferents programes de la versió simplificada acreditats pel "Ministeri d’Indústria, Energia i Turisme" i avaluar la bondat d'aquests programes informàtics tot comparant-ne resultats entre sí i amb els obtinguts mitjançant d'altres eines d'avaluació d'eficiència energètica. Segons els resultats obtinguts es pretén també realitzar una anàlisi de sensibilitat de possibles millores a implementar a l'edifici existent per tal de millorar-nel'eficiència a nivell energètic

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Three molecular typing methods (pulsed-field electrophoresis, localization of the mecA gene, and probing the vicinity of mec) have been used for the characterization of 40 catheter-related isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in 14 patients admitted to the same hospital. The 40 isolates yielded 14 different SmaI banding patterns and corresponding unique localizations of mecA, each associated with a unique ClaI mecA polymorph. In 6 of the 14 patients the contaminated skin at the catheter entry site was the source of 4 local infections and 2 cases of bacteremia. A contaminated hub was the origin of 2 local infections and 4 cases of bacteremia in 6 more patients. The remaining 2 patients had positive cultures from both skin and catheter hub. In each bacteremic patient, the CNS recovered from catheter-related sites (tip, skin, and/or hub) and the CNS recovered from blood were identical, but each of these matching isolates was unique to the particular patient, indicating a low rate of cross-infection from patient to patient. Although classical methods for typing CNS (e.g., biotype and antibiotype) are readily available for most hospital laboratories, they have limitations concerning reproducibility and discriminatory power. Molecular epidemiologic techniques can provide powerful support to traditional techniques in determining the etiologic role of CNS in the disease process

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Although classic bankruptcy problems take into account a single claims vector, Pulido et al. (2008) show that there are real bankruptcy situations where agents face more than one reference vector. In particular, they consider the claims and an additional reference vector. To analyze these situations, they propose the extreme and the diagonal approaches. Nonetheless, the former approach depends on the order of the vectors: if we interchange the claims and the reference vectors, the result changes. Moreover their study is limited to the case in which the reference vector is lower than the claims vector. In the present note, we propose an extension that solves these short- comings by introducing the idea of impartiality. Keywords: bankruptcy problems; reference point; compromise solution; impartiality.

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Lo que se pretende con este trabajo es localizar, presentar, y analizar, las diferencias entre empresas familiares y no familiares, tanto en lo que se refiere a su implantació, características, y funcionamiento, en el sector turístico de la provincia de Lleida. Con esta finalidad se ha analizado un muestra de 234 empresas del sector, su menor dimensión en relación a la empresa no familiar, o los distintos objetivos que una y otra empresa persiguen.

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En aquest treball s'analitza l'estructura financera de les empreses de caràcter familiar de la província de Lleida per tal de conèixer la composició i els condicionants del seu endeutament. A més a més, l'anàlisi es duu a terme a nivell comparatiu amb les empreses no familiars a efectes d'identificar les diferències significatives entre ambdós grups. Igualment, s'aprofundeix l'estudi diferenciant entre la grandària empresarial i el sector d'activitat per tal de millorar la comprensió de les diferències aparegudes. Es realitza un estudi descriptiu a partir d'una mostra representativa de 2.820 empreses extreta de la base de dades SABI, per a l'any 2009. Els resultats obtinguts més rellevants mostren, per una banda, que l'empresa familiar lleidatana està més capitalitzada que la no familiar. Tot i que, té major deute financer, o amb cost, que la no familiar; sobretot en el venciment a curt termini. Les causants d'aquestes diferències són les mitjanes empreses familiars, que tenen un major deute financer a curt termini, i les micro i petites empreses familiars, amb un major deute financer a llarg termini. Per altra banda, l'eficiència total (econòmica i financera) de l'empresa familiar mitja és menor que la de la no familiar. Encara que això, és cert solament per l'empresa familiar petita i micro, que veu com la seva menor eficiència econòmica, el seu major grau d'endeutament financer i un cost del deute massa elevat porten a què endeutar-se sigui contraproduent.

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Lo que se pretende con este trabajo es localizar, presentar, y analizar, las diferencias entre empresas familiares y no familiares, tanto en lo que se refiere a su implantació, características, y funcionamiento, en el sector turístico de la provincia de Lleida. Con esta finalidad se ha analizado un muestra de 234 empresas del sector, su menor dimensión en relación a la empresa no familiar, o los distintos objetivos que una y otra empresa persiguen.

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En este trabajo se analiza la estructura financiera de las empresas de carácter familiar de la provincia de Lleida para conocer la composición y los condicionantes de su endeudamiento. Además, el análisis se lleva a cabo a nivel comparativo con las empresas no familiares a efectos de identificar las diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Igualmente, se profundiza el estudio diferenciando entre el tamaño empresarial y el sector de actividad con el fin de mejorar la comprensión de las diferencias encontradas. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo a partir de una muestra representativa de 2.820 empresas extraída de la base de datos SABI, para el año 2009. Los resultados obtenidos más relevantes muestran, por un lado, que la empresa familiar leridana está más capitalizada que la no familiar. Aunque, tiene mayor deuda financiera, o con coste, que la no familiar; sobre todo en el vencimiento a corto plazo. Las causantes de estas diferencias son las medianas empresas familiares, que tienen una mayor deuda financiera a corto plazo, y las micro y pequeñas empresas familiares, con una mayor deuda financiera a largo plazo. Por otra parte, la eficiencia total (económica y financiera) de la empresa familiar media es menor que la de la no familiar. Aunque esto,

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We present experiments in which the laterally confined flow of a surfactant film driven by controlled surface tension gradients causes the subtended liquid layer to self-organize into an inner upstream microduct surrounded by the downstream flow. The anomalous interfacial flow profiles and the concomitant backflow are a result of the feedback between two-dimensional and three-dimensional microfluidics realized during flow in open microchannels. Bulk and surface particle image velocimetry data combined with an interfacial hydrodynamics model explain the dependence of the observed phenomena on channel geometry.

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The effect of different food matrices on the metabolism and excretion of polyphenols is uncertain. The objective of the study was to evaluate the possible effect of milk on the excretion of (2)-epicatechin metabolites from cocoa powder after its ingestion with and without milk. Twenty-one volunteers received the following three test meals each in a randomised cross-over design with a 1-week interval between meals: (1) 250 ml whole milk as a control; (2) 40 g cocoa powder dissolved in 250 ml whole milk (CC-M); (3) 40 g cocoa powder dissolved in 250 ml water (CC-W). Urine was collected before consumption and during the 0-6, 6-12 and 12-24 h periods after consumption. (2)-Epicatechin metabolite excretion was measured using liquid chromatography-MS. One (2)-epicatechin glucuronide and three (2)-epicatechin sulfates were detected in urine excreted after the intake of the two cocoa beverages (CC-M and CC-W). The results show that milk does not significantly affect the total amount of metabolites excreted in urine. However, differences in metabolite excretion profiles were observed; there were changes in the glucuronide and sulfate excretion rates, and the sulfation position between the period of excretion and the matrix. The matrix in which polyphenols are consumed can affect their metabolism and excretion, and this may affect their biological activity. Thus, more studies are needed to evaluate the effect of these different metabolite profiles on the body.

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Primary cultures of gilthead sea bream myocytes were performed in order to examine the relative metabolic function of insulin compared with IGF-I and IGF-II (insulin-like growth factors, IGFs) at different stages in the cell culture. In these cells, the in vitro effects of insulin and IGFs on 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and L-alanine uptake were studied in both myocytes (day 4) and small myotubes (day 9). 2-DG uptake in gilthead sea bream muscle cells was increased in the presence of insulin and IGFs in a time dependent manner and along with muscle cell differentiation. On the contrary, L-alanine uptake was also stimulated by insulin and IGFs but showed an inverse pattern, being the uptake higher in small myocytes than in large myotubes. The results of preincubation with inhibitors (PD-98059, wortmannin, and cytochalasin B) on 2-DG uptake indicated that insulin and IGFs stimulate glucose uptake through the same mechanisms, and evidenced that mitogenesis activator protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K-Akt transduction pathways mediate the metabolic function of these peptides. In the same way, we observed that GLUT4 protein synthesis was stimulated in the presence of insulin and IGFs in gilthead sea bream muscle cells in a different manner at days 4 or 9 of the culture. In summary we describe here, for the first time, the effects of insulin and IGFs on 2-DG and L-alanine uptake in primary culture of gilthead sea bream muscle cells. We show that both MAPK and PI3K-Akt transduction pathways are needed in order to control insulin and IGFs actions in these cells. Moreover, changes in glucose uptake can be explained by the action of the GLUT4 transporter, which is stimulated in the presence of insulin and IGFs throughout the cell culture.

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Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that coffee consumption reduces the risk of cancer, but the molecular mechanisms of its chemopreventive effects remain unknown. Objective: To identify differentially expressed genes upon incubation of HT29 colon cancer cells with instant caffeinated coffee (ICC) or caffeic acid (CA) using whole genome microarrays. Results: ICC incubation of HT29 cells caused the overexpression of 57 genes and the underexpression of 161, while CA incubation induced the overexpression of 12 genes and the underexpression of 32. Using Venn-Diagrams, we built a list of five overexpressed genes and twelve underexpressed genes in common between the two experimental conditions. This list was used to generate a biological association network in which STAT5B and ATF-2 appeared as highly interconnected nodes. STAT5B overexpression was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. For ATF-2, the changes in mRNA levels were confirmed for both ICC and CA, whereas the decrease in protein levels was only observed in CA-treated cells. The levels of cyclin D1, a target gene for both STAT5B and ATF-2, were dowregulated by CA in colon cancer cells and by ICC and CA in breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Coffee polyphenols are able to affect cyclin D1 expression in cancer cells through the modulation of STAT5B and ATF-2.

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Estudi i anàlisi de la bombolla immobiliària a Espanya, incidint en l’evolució de l’habitatge des de l’any 1996 fins a l’actualitat. Fa un recorregut per diverses urbanitzacions abandonades i en el cas concret de Casesdelbosc a Viladrau, es proposa la reconversió d’aquesta urbanització també abandonada en un centre de producció i investigació de la biomassa, reconvertint l’antic apart-hotel en una residència per als investigadors del centre