Traducció i adopció a l'Índia: Hindu Adoptions And Maintenance Act, 1956

L’objectiu principal d’aquest treball de fi de grau és fer-se càrrec d’una traducció jurídica amb tot el què això implica: documentar-se a través de fonts fiables, emprar les eines adequades, lliurar-lo dins el termini establert, entre d’altres. En aquest cas, és una traducció de les lleis que regulen les adopcions a l’Índia. A més, en aquest treball també s’explica breument el dret civil a Catalunya i es compara amb el de l’Índia, ja que es basen en idees molt diferents. Aquests tipus de traduccions exigeixen precisió i claredat perquè els conceptes i les estructures sintàctiques acostumen a ser molt complexes. A continuació, hi ha detallat cada pas que s’ha seguit per tal d’assolir l’objectiu principal.

Estimating the effects of fiscal policy under the budget constraint

I reconsider the short-term effects of fiscal policy when both government spending and taxes are allowed to respond to the level of public debt. I embed the long-term government budget constraint in a VAR, and apply this common trends model to US quarterly data. The results overturn some widely held beliefs on fiscal policy effects. The main finding is that expansionary fiscal policy has contractionary effects on output and inflation. Ricardian effects may dominate when fiscal expansions are expected to be adjusted by future tax rises or spending cuts. The evidence supports RBC models with distortionary taxation. We can discard some alternative interpretations that are based on monetary policy reactions or supply-side effects.

Shout and Act: an Algorithm for Digital Objects Preservation Inspired from Rescue Robots

We adapt the Shout and Act algorithm to Digital Objects Preservation where agents explore file systems looking for digital objects to be preserved (victims). When they find something they “shout” so that agent mates can hear it. The louder the shout, the urgent or most important the finding is. Louder shouts can also refer to closeness. We perform several experiments to show that this system works very scalably, showing that heterogeneous teams of agents outperform homogeneous ones over a wide range of tasks complexity. The target at-risk documents are MS Office documents (including an RTF file) with Excel content or in Excel format. Thus, an interesting conclusion from the experiments is that fewer heterogeneous (varying skills) agents can equal the performance of many homogeneous (combined super-skilled) agents, implying significant performance increases with lower overall cost growth. Our results impact the design of Digital Objects Preservation teams: a properly designed combination of heterogeneous teams is cheaper and more scalable when confronted with uncertain maps of digital objects that need to be preserved. A cost pyramid is proposed for engineers to use for modeling the most effective agent combinations

Fiscal sustainability across government tiers: an assessment of soft budget constraints

This paper analyses how fiscal adjustment comes about when both central and sub-national governments are involved in consolidation. We test sustainability of public debt with a fiscal rule for both the federal and regional government. Results for the German Länder show that lower tier governments bear a relatively smaller part of the burden of debt consolidation, if they consolidate at all. Most of the fiscal adjustment occurs via central government debt. In contrast, both the US federal and state levels contribute to consolidation of public finances.