Participació de les aigües subterrànies en la gènesi d'ambients palustres continentals: el cas dels prats de Sant Sebastià (Caldes de Malavella, Girona)

The area known as 'prats de Sant Sebastià' is in Caldes de Malavella. It is part of the wetlands located in the south-eastern end of the Selva Basin. Several areas with unusually high conductivity (EC up to 24,500 uS/cm) have been identified in this place. This fact allows highly specialised and comparatively rare botanical species to grow in this area. These saline soils follow a north-south line-up. The geophysical data, obtained with a field conductivemeter (EM 31), show that this superficial line-up continues in the subsoil. In addition to this, the conductivity cartography, made for an electromagnetic exploration depth of 6 meters, shows that the width of the region where these salinity anomalies take place increases in depth. When included in the hidrogeological context of this sector of the Selva Basin, these data bring new elements for the study of the genesis and working of these marshy environments.The model that future research will have to confirm, maintains that the groundwater discharges coming from the underlying hydrogeothermal aquifer are a conditioning factor of the aforementioned phenomenon. This ascending flow of highly mineralised waters (TDS of about 3,500 mg/l) can produce and keep stable the soil salinity

La Crosa de Sant Dalmai: un ejemplo de Patrimonio Geológico de Girona

The main volcanic edifice of the Crosa de Sant Dalmai is the largest in the catalonian volcanic area. The crater is 1.300 m long and 74 m deep. At present it is protected by the "Pla d'Espais d'Interès Natural" of the Generalitat de Catalunya

A flood geodatabase and its climatological applications: the case of Catalonia for the last century

Floods are the natural hazards that produce the highest number of casualties and material damage in the Western Mediterranean. An improvement in flood risk assessment and study of a possible increase in flooding occurrence are therefore needed. To carry out these tasks it is important to have at our disposal extensive knowledge on historical floods and to find an efficient way to manage this geographical data. In this paper we present a complete flood database spanning the 20th century for the whole of Catalonia (NE Spain), which includes documentary information (affected areas and damage) and instrumental information (meteorological and hydrological records). This geodatabase, named Inungama, has been implemented on a GIS (Geographical Information System) in order to display all the information within a given geographical scenario, as well as to carry out an analysis thereof using queries, overlays and calculus. Following a description of the type and amount of information stored in the database and the structure of the information system, the first applications of Inungama are presented. The geographical distribution of floods shows the localities which are more likely to be flooded, confirming that the most affected municipalities are the most densely populated ones in coastal areas. Regarding the existence of an increase in flooding occurrence, a temporal analysis has been carried out, showing a steady increase over the last 30 years.

Addicions a la flora vascular del Parc Natural del Cadí-Moixeró i de les serres veïnes (Prepirineus Orientals Ibèrics)

Additions to the vascular flora of the Cadí-Moixeró Natural Park and neighbouring Pre-Pyrenean areas (eastern Iberian Pyrenees) We present about fifty contributions to the catalogue of the vascular flora of the mentioned area, published in 2003. Among the taxa reported, 21 correspond to novelties found in our own field observations or in the literature. We highlight the first records for the Eastern Iberian Pre-Pyrenees of Meconopsis cambrica (L.) Vig. and Omalotheca hoppeana (Koch) Schulz Bip. and F.W. Schulz. Other data refer to rare taxa already included in the catalogue, such as Gagea lutea (L.) Ker Gawl., G. reverchonii Degen, Lappula deflexa (Wahlenb.) Garcke and Minuartia villarii (Balb.) Wilczek and Chenevard.

Proposal of three thermodynamic variables to discriminate between storms associated with hail and storms with intense rainfall in Catalonia (Proposta de tres variables termodinàmiques per discriminar entre tempestes amb pedregades i tempestes amb pluges intenses)

Between late spring and early fall, the development of storms is common in Catalonia. Despite the fact that they usually produce heavy showers of short duration, they can also involve severe weather with ice pellets or hail. While the latter usually affect inland regions, and there are numerous publications on these cases; the analysis of events affecting the coast and causing damage to public and private properties is not so well developed. The aim of this study is to provide additional thermodynamic indicators that help differentiate storms with hail from storms without hail, considering cases that have affected various regions of Catalonia, mainly coastal areas. The aim is to give more information to improve prognosis and the ability to detail information in these situations. The procedure developed involved the study of several episodes of heavy rainfall and hail that hit Catalonia during the 2003-2009 period, mainly in the province of Girona, and validated the proposal during the campaign of late summer and fall of 2009, as well as 2012. For each case, several variables related to temperature, humidity and wind were analyzed at different levels of the atmosphere, while the information provided by the radio sounding in Barcelona was also taken into account. From this study, it can be concluded that the temperature difference between 500 hPa and 850 hPa, the humidity in the lower layers of the atmosphere and the LI index are good indicators for the detection of storms with associated hail.

Medio siglo de cambios paisajísticos en la montaña mediterránea. Percepción y valoración social del paisaje en la alta Garrotxa (Girona)

Rural depopulation and abandonment of farming activities have resulted in an intense transformation of the characteristic landscapes of Mediterranean mountains. A dynamic characterized by an intense process of expansion of forested cover in detriment to livestock and agricultural areas. This process, which produces effects such as biodiversity and cultural heritage loss and contributes to the spread of wildfires, can be mapped, quantified and described with high accuracy through the means of digital mapping, geographic information systems and landscape indexes. But what is the perception and valuation of these changes by the stakeholders involved in the management of these territories? This article attempts to answer this question in the protected area of Alta Garrotxa (Girona), where a strong correlation between landscape dynamics and their perception by the stakeholders is revealed. On the other hand, the valuation and future prospects produce diverse and often contradictory points of views that illustrate the existing difficulties to management

Plant diversity across five vegetation belts in the Pyrenees (Catalonia, Spain)

In this paper we analyze the size and habitat partitioning of the vascular floras of five areas of the NE Iberian Peninsula, representing five distinct vegetation belts and three floristic regions: Mediterranean (basal belt), medio-European (submontane and montane belts) and Boreo-Alpine (subalpine and alpine belts). Each area covered over 1000 ha, and was fairly uniform in terms of potential vegetation, bedrock and bioclimate. They excluded large villages and field areas, the landscape being mainly natural or moderately anthropized.

Descripció geoambiental i paisatgística del sistema platja-duna de cala Borró (cap Ras, Alt Empordà- Costa Brava, Girona)

The geoambiental and landscape description of the beach-dune system of Cala Borró, (Cap Ras), placed in the town of Colera (Alt Empordà), is carried out. The dunar system, developed with orientation and N-S, links three beach pockets following the topographic slopes of the torrential basins. We find coalescence of dunes in the upper zones, which were possibly an object of reafforestation in the 19thC. to avoid erosion

Anàlisi i proposta de millora del bloc de continguts d'activitats en el medi natural de la ESO

En aquet TFG1 és presenta un estudi on el seu objectiu és l’anàlisi de les dificultats que és troben els professors a l’hora d’impartir les activitats al medi natural, per tal de poder entendré com és que és el bloc de continguts menys treballat. Per això, s’ha utilitzat com a instrument un qüestionari que s’ha aplicat a 49 professors d’educació física de 26 comarques de Catalunya. Aquests docents han estat escollit aleatòriament i han respòs el qüestionari per voluntat pròpia. El tractament estadístic del qüestionari s’ha dut a terme amb Google Drive. Entre les conclusions cal destacar la diferència entre el currículum proposat per la LOE (2006) i el proposat per la LOE (2007), i la clara aposta del professorat per realitzar les activitats al medi natural fora del centre, amb el cost afegit que això suposa. Aquest últim fet, a més, sembla comportar, per una banda, la dificultat afegida que suposa pels professors el fet de sortir fora de l’escola i, per altra banda, la responsabilitat que requereix dur a terme aquestes activitats.

An analysis of the evolution of hydrometeorological extremes in newspapers: the case of Catalonia, 1982-2006

This contribution analyzes the evolution of perception of certain natural hazards over the past 25 years in a Mediterranean region. Articles from newspapers have been used as indicator. To this end a specific Spanish journal has been considered and an ACCESS database has been created with the summarized information from each news item. The database includes data such as the location of each specific article in the newspaper, its length, the number of pictures and figures, the headlines and a summary of the published information, including all the instrumental data. The study focused on hydrometeorological extremes, mainly floods and droughts, in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. The number of headlines per event, trends and other data have been analyzed and compared with "measured" information, in order to identify any bias that could lead to an erroneous perception of the phenomenon. The SPI index (a drought index based on standardized accumulated precipitation) has been calculated for the entire region, and has been used for the drought analysis, while a geodatabase implemented on a GIS built for all the floods recorded in Catalonia since 1900 (INUNGAMA) has been used to analyze flood evolution. Results from a questionnaire about the impact of natural hazards in two specific places have been also used to discuss the various perceptions between rural and urban settings. Results show a better correlation between the news about drought or water scarcity and SPI than between news on floods in Catalonia and the INUNGAMA database. A positive trend has been found for non-catastrophic floods, which is explained by decrease of the perception thresholds, the increase of population density in the most flood-prone areas and changes in land use.

Defining housing market areas using commuting and migration algorithms. Catalonia (Spain) as an applied case study

In the literature on housing market areas, different approaches can be found to defining them, for example, using travel-to-work areas and, more recently, making use of migration data. Here we propose a simple exercise to shed light on which approach performs better. Using regional data from Catalonia, Spain, we have computed housing market areas with both commuting data and migration data. In order to decide which procedure shows superior performance, we have looked at uniformity of prices within areas. The main finding is that commuting algorithms present more homogeneous areas in terms of housing prices.

L’Inventari de recursos turístics a l’àmbit local: metodologia per a l’inventari dels recursos naturals i culturals per a la Carta Europea de Turisme Sostenible al Parc Natural del Montseny

El present projecte neix de la proposta facilitada per l’Oficina del Parc Natural del Montseny en relació a les accions a portar a terme dins els compromisos de la Carta Europea de Turisme Sostenible (CETS) al parc durant els anys 2011-2015. Es dissenya una metodologia a portar a terme per a l’elaboració de l’inventariat dels recursos turístics, naturals i culturals, dins dels municipis que engloben el territori de la Carta. Així mateix, aquest projecte pretén ser una eina útil, no només per a la catalogació dels recursos, sinó també per a la jerarquització d’aquests en termes de potencial turístic

Incendis, fauna i gestió del patrimoni natural

Article que analitza els efectes del foc sobre la fauna del Cap de Creus i que planteja algunes propostes per gestionar el paisatge natural i la fauna del Cap de Creus

Impacto ambiental previsto en la explotación de gravas en la zona de concurso medio del riu Fluvià (Girona)

The main environmental impacts related to the gravel pits in the medium course of the Fluvià river have been assessed. In order to compute the global impact and index based on the numerical values of different impacts has been defined. This index is applied to different areas and the results reveal that the environmental impact expected for a gravel pit is high or moderate close to the main streams and low in the rest of the territory

Una aproximació al coneixement del medi natural, social i cultural de l'educació primària a partir de la comprensió de la diversitat i la pluri identitat.

Projecte de recerca col·laborativa entre professors d’universitat, mestres i membres del Centre de Recursos Pedagògics del Gironés, realitzada durant l'any 2005. L'objectiu ha estat innovar el coneixement del medi natural, social i cultural. Davant l’actual procés de globalització de la societat que ha implicat, entre d’ altres coses, l’arribada de forts corrents migratoris i la presència d’alumnes d’arreu del món a les escoles catalanes, i en especial a les comarques de Girona, es revisa el Coneixement del Medi com una de les vies tradicionals i necessàries de l’adquisició de la identitat, treballant alhora l’acceptació de la diversitat cultural i de punts de vista que aquesta pot aportar. Els objectius fixats pel treball han estat elaborar una proposta didáctica interdisciplinar, oberta i flexible, per a treballar als diferents cicles de l'Educació Infantil i Primària, experimentant-la en diferents escoles; generar la plana web www.coneixmedi.net que recull les experiències i aportacions de les diferents escoles que hi participen i facilita la comunicació entre els alumnes dels centres; valorar els resultats de l'experiència, fent èmfasi en les percepcions dels nens i nenes participants i en la repercusió dins de l'escola i en d'altres centres i finalment validar un model d'innovació basat en la col·laboració i l'ús de recursos compartits. El pla general de funcionament s’ha articulat seguint el cicle bàsic de la recerca-acció. Entre els resultats obtinguts destaquen molt positivament l’elaboració de nou material basat en el treball de la diversitat, el coneixement de les actituds que es donen en els mestres, les famílies o els alumnes davant de la diversitat i l’alt nivell de participació i d’implicació de la major part dels membres del grup en la proposta i els intercanvis d’experiències i de reflexions generades.