Competing linguae france: the place of english and spanish for chinese students

This research project focuses on the role of English and Spanish as linguae francae. More specifically, the research attempts to answer the following questions: (i) What is the place of English and Spanish as linguae francae in the world, in general, and in China, in particular? (ii) What kinds of foreign language teaching/learning attitudes and practices are characteristic of the Chinese educational system? (iii) What are the motivations, expectations and experience of Chinese students in study abroad programmes, in general, and in the programme of the University of Lleida, in particular? The study constitutes an attempt to answer each of these questions in two ways: a review of the literature and a pilot study with 26 Chinese students at UdL. The research reveals that even though English is a very dominant foreign language in China, Spanish is a language on the rise and mainly for economic reasons. The results of the study also point at the impact of the dominance of the grammar-translation method in the perspective of Chinese students about language learning. Finally, the study shows the relevance of taking part in a SA programme for Chinese students as well as their experience of them.

The representation of EFL teachers’ views on the role of English as a Lingua Franca

El creciente número de hablantes no nativos de inglés en el mundo constituye la base a partir de la cual se han hecho recientes afirmaciones alrededor de la necesidad de enfatizar el papel del inglés como lingua franca en las clases de inglés. Este artículo investiga la visión de los profesores catalanes de inglés al respecto mediante un cuestionario centrado en aspectos como la preferencia de profesores nativos o no nativos, el conocimiento cultural idóneo para el profeso- rado de inglés, y la variedad de inglés escogida. Los resultados indican que el profesorado está influido por la supremacía del hablante nativo y una visión del inglés todavía restringida a las comunidades de hablantes nativos, con algunas diferencias significativas encontradas entre distintos grupos de profesores.

Memòria justificativa del projecte de recerca 2009PBR00060

La universitat europea ha de fer front als reptes de la internacionalització, que suposa per una banda, el desplegament de polítiques per difondre la seva activitat acadèmica més enllà de les seves fronteres i, per l’altra facilitar la mobilitat d’estudiants i l’acollida d’estudiants estrangers. Aquests reptes suposen una situació de multilingüisme i interculturalitat, alhora que posen de relleu el paper de l’anglès com a llengua internacional. Els reptes relacionats amb el multilingüisme es fan especialment palesos en territoris amb llengua pròpia com Catalunya i Gal•les. Per una banda, Catalunya compta amb una llengua d’àmplia difusió entre la població, com és el català, que conviu amb la llengua castellana. En aquesta situació, la llengua anglesa es considera una eina que ha de facilitar la internacionalització de la universitat. Per altra banda, a Gal•les, la llengua gal•lesa és minoritària davant de l’hegemonia de l’anglès. Tenint en compte aquestes situacions sociolingüístiques, aquest projecte se centra en la gestió del plurilingüisme i la multiculturalitat en una universitat de Catalunya i una altra de Gal•les. Fonamentalment, el projecte pretén respondre a la pregunta següent: De quina forma respon la universitat a Catalunya i Gal•les als reptes del plurilingüisme i la interculturalitat que se’ls plantegen davant la progressiva internacionalització que viu la universitat? Per tal de respondre a aquesta pregunta, el projecte se centra en una acció institucional central de les polítiques universitàries d’internacionalizació: l’acollida d’estudiants internacionals (bàsicament a través del programa Erasmus). El projecte que aquí es proposa se centra específicament en l’acollida d’estudiants internacionals per part de la Universitat de Lleida (Catalunya) i de la Universitat de Cardiff (Gales), analitzant i comparant per una banda (i) les accions institucionals contretes i, per altra banda, (ii) les actituds lingüístiques i (iii) les pràctiques comunicatives plurilingües dels diferents agents que hi intervenen: (1) estudiants internacionals dins del programa Erasmus, (2) estudiants locals (3) professors amb alumnat internacional i 4) personal d’administració i serveis que dóna suport a la internacionalització. Aquest projecte s’emmarca dins de quatre grans línies d’investigació, en les quals aquest equip ja hi ha treballat àmpliament: (a) comunicació intercultural; (b) interacció social i poder; (c) l’anglès com a lingua franca; (d) actituds, ideologies i pràctiques relacionades amb el multilingüisme.

Traducción comentada de «Management of the Clinically Positive Axilla» y «Management of the Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes», Essentials of Breast Surgery

La transmisión de conocimiento científico constituye una de las necesidades de traducción más importantes; es preciso realizar un estudio sobre la traducción del inglés médico. Este trabajo presenta una traducción inédita de fragmentos de Essentials of Breast Surgery y un análisis de esta jerga mediante un glosario y problemas de traducción.

English as a medium of instruction in teaching other languages: attitudes and practices

Internationalisation of HE and emergence of English as a global academic lingua franca used by people who share neither a common native tongue nor cultural and educational background have not only offered more opportunities but also raised challenges. According to recent European surveys, the percentage of pupils attaining the level of independent user in English varies from 14% to 82%, which evidences the potential and the complexity for English as a medium of instruction at tertiary level. This study aims to present the model of foreign language instruction at Vytautas Magnus University where one third of 30 languages are taught through English. It investigates the attitudes and practices of teachers in delivering their English-medium language courses by discussing the questions whether teaching other languages through English is psychologically, culturally and educationally preferable for teachers and students, whether it can limit the content taught and require a special methodology, how the teaching process changes with multiple languages used in the classroom and what level of English is necessary for teachers and students to ensure high quality of English-medium language teaching. The study is based on qualitative methodology with 12 language teachers participating as respondents. The results reveal areas in need of improvement.

Governance mechanisms in Spanish financial intermediaries

This paper examines the governance of Spanish Banks around two main issues. First, does a poor economic performance activate those governance interventions that favor the removal of executive directors and the merger of non-performing banks? And second, does the relationship between governance intervention and economic performance vary with the ownership form of the bank? Our results show that a bad performance does activate governance mechanisms in banks, although for the case of Savings Banks intervention is confined to a merger or acquisition. Nevertheless, the distinct ownership structure of Savings Banks does not fully protect non-performing banks from disappearing. Product-market competition compensates for those weak internal governance mechanisms that result from an ownership form which gives voice to several stakeholder groups.

Efficiency and quality in local government management: the case of Spanish local authorities

This study analyses efficiency levels in Spanish local governments and their determining factors through the application of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology. It aims to find out to what extent inefficiency arises from external factors beyond the control of the entity, or on the other hand, how much it is due to inadequate management of productive resources. The results show that on the whole, there is still a wide margin within which managers could increase local government efficiency levels, although it is revealed that a great deal of inefficiency is due to exogenous factors. It is specifically found that the size of the entity, per capita tax revenue, the per capita grants or the amount of commercial activity are some of the factors determining local government inefficiency.

The Spanish cadet in the European military context a comparative analysis of the professional socialisation

Research on the attitudes, motivations and social and political behavior of European cadets have been made throughout the last decade. Nowadays Spain also joins those surveys. Thru the analysis of polling data, we can consider the different attitudes of Spanish cadets in relation with the other European ones. The conclusion is that although the Spanish political transition to democracy has not ended already in the military teaching system, there are a lot of similarities among Spanish and European cadets.

What is the european social model? an aproximation based on Spanish case

The public perception of the EU in Spain varies greatly. The most positive aspects of Spanish membership are associated with the consolidation of democracy, economic growth, the introduction of the euro, the growth in employment and structural and cohesion funds, the increase in the female participation rate, and the equal opportunities policies. The analysts are in favour of common objectives in the employment policy and multi-level government. The less positive aspects of the EU are the risks of losing social protection and loss of employment in some sectors due to mergers of multinationals and delocalization of companies towards Eastern Europe. The continuous demands for reform of the welfare state, the toughening of the conditions of access to social benefit and the reform of the labour market are also seen as problematic issues. Risks of competitive cuts and social dumping.