Triticales y tricepiros: alternativas para la produccion de pasto y grano. Forage and grain breeding of triticale and tricepiro.

La introducción de nuevos recursos genéticos es esencial en la evolución de la agricultura destinada a la producción de materia prima de alta calidad. La evaluación de nuevo germoplasma, con el objetivo de su difusión comercial o incorporación a programas de mejoramiento, se realiza a través de ensayos comparativos de rendimiento en diferentes ambientes. Las forrajeras anuales de invierno son casi insustituibles para mantener la cadena forrajera en la región pampeana subhúmeda seca y semiárida. En la actualidad tanto triticales como tricepiros son alternativas muy promisorias para su utilización como doble propósito, así como para explorar la posibilidad de producir harinas diferenciadas para uso en la industria de la alimentación humana. En el país, los triticales se han difundido para pastoreo y se requiere de nuevos cultivares. Los tricepiros se trabajan exclusivamente en la Argentina y es necesario desarrollar germoplasma. Se planea identificar germoplasma superior mediante selección en introducciones y cruzamientos propios, ensayos comparativos de pasto y grano, estudiar la estabilidad citológica mediante análisis cromosómicos y genómicos y caracterizar líneas avanzadas por descriptores morfológicos.The introduction of new genetic resources is essential in the agriculture evolution, especially when high quality production is the main objective. New germoplasm must be tested several years in order to be part of breeding programs or to be commercialized due to environmental differences among years. In dry subhumid and semiarid pampeana region, annual winter feed crops are necessary in order to have forage production during winter. Nowadays Triticales and Tricepiros are promising alternatives to be used as double purpose for animal feed and fodder, as well as to obtain differenced flour to human food. In Argentina, Triticale has spread for forage uses and new cultivars are required. Tricepiros are sown only in this country; therefore there is a need to develop Tricepiro germoplasm. The outline includes: identify superior germoplasm in introductions and own crosses through selection; establish comparative forage and grain trials; cytological estability study using chromosomal and genomic analysis and characterize advanced lines through morphological features.

REPRODUCCIÓN CAPRINA. EFECTO DE LA ADICIÓN DE LÍPIDOS DIETARIOS SOBRE LA MODULACIÓN DEL ESTADO METABÓLICO Y LA CALIDAD DEL SEMEN CRIOPRESERVADO.

Adding Omega fatty acids (ω) 3 to the diet of stud bucks, the quality of sperm and their resistance to cryopreservation could increase. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of supplementation with ω3 on the metabolic state, sperm quality and resistance to freezing, in bucks kept in confinement under natural photoperiod. The experiment will be conducted in the facilities of the Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, UNRC (National University of Río Cuarto). Ten Anglo Nubian adult bucks, trained for semen collection with artificial vagina will be used. Males will be randomly allocated into 2 groups (5 animals each): control (C) and treatment (T). During the breeding season, group C will be fed with a ration of alfalfa and ground corn, according to the requirements for each category and sex (NRC, 2007). Group T will receive the same diet with the addition of linseeds. Both will have free access to water. Every week, semen of each buck, will be collected, evaluated and frozen. Sperm quality “in vitro” after thawing will be studied with a digital image analyzer. To assess oxidative stress in fresh and cryopreserved semen, levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and quantification of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) will be determined. To establish the metabolic state, blood samples will be collected every two weeks. The statistical analysis will include an exploratory data analysis, multivariate analysis of multiple correspondences on a completely randomized design, analysis of variance and Fisher post-test. The level of significance will be set at P <0.05 and all results will be expressed as means ± SEM.