Restrição do Crescimento Fetal - Casuística de 4 Anos

Overview and aims: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 15% of pregnancies and is associated with both increased perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and long-term effects in adult life. Our aim was to describe cases and outcomes of FGR from a tertiary perinatal care centre and identify the predictors of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Study design: retrospective cohort. Population: pregnancies with early or late FGR caused by placental factors followed from 2006 to 2009 in a tertiary perinatal care centre. Methods: we collected data from clinical records on demographics, clinical history and fetal ultrasound parameters. Perinatal and neonatal outcomes were stratiied according to gestational age (above or below 28 weeks) and we used bivariate analysis to identify any associations with clinical and imaging indings. Results: we included 246 pregnancies; hypertension was the most prevalent maternal risk factor (16%). There were 15 cases of early FGR, 11 of which had cesarean delivery due to deterioration of fetal Doppler parameters. Outcomes in this group included one fetal and three neonatal deaths. Of 231 cases of late FGR, 64% were delivered early given a non-reassuring fetal status i.e. due to changes in Doppler evaluation or altered Manning biophysical proile. There were four cases of perinatal death in this group, three of which delivered at 28 weeks. Neonatal morbidity was associated with lower gestational age, lower birthweight and progressive placental dysfunction (p<0.01). Conclusion: there was an association between neonatal morbidity and gestational age, birthweight and Doppler deterioration, particularly for deliveries below 28 weeks. The assessment of vascular changes through Doppler analysis allows anticipation of fetal deterioration and is a helpful tool in deciding the optimum timing of delivery.

Um Caso Clínico de Ependimoma do Filum Terminal

Os ependimomas são tumores sólidos com origem nas células que delimitam o sistema ventricular e o canal ependimário. A sua localização habitual varia com a idade e, nos ependimomas espinhais, a sintomatologia é inespecífica o que motiva diagnósticos tardios. Os autores descrevem o caso clínico de uma criança de 9 anos de idade, com dor lombosagrada, alteração da marcha, postura anti-álgica e inversão da lordose lombar. A ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) revelou um -tumor da cauda equina (filum terminal). Procedeu-se à excisão completa do tumor; o exame histológico permitiu diagnosticar um ependimoma mixo-papilar do filum terminal. No pós-operatório verificou-se retenção urinária transitória que resolveu gradualmente. Dois anos após a cirurgia o doente encontra-se assintomático persistindo apenas ausência dos reflexos aquilianos. Faz-se uma pequena abordagem das manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico e terapêutica dos ependimomas espinhais.