1 resultado para meso-scale processes and turbulence
Filtro por publicador
- Repository Napier (1)
- Aberdeen University (1)
- Abertay Research Collections - Abertay University’s repository (1)
- Academic Archive On-line (Stockholm University; Sweden) (2)
- Academic Research Repository at Institute of Developing Economies (2)
- AMS Tesi di Dottorato - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (22)
- AMS Tesi di Laurea - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (4)
- Aquatic Commons (1)
- ArchiMeD - Elektronische Publikationen der Universität Mainz - Alemanha (11)
- Archimer: Archive de l'Institut francais de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (2)
- Archive of European Integration (2)
- Aston University Research Archive (33)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (6)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (BDPI/USP) (55)
- Biblioteca Virtual del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía (BV-SSPA), Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social, Spain (4)
- BORIS: Bern Open Repository and Information System - Berna - Suiça (69)
- Brock University, Canada (2)
- Bucknell University Digital Commons - Pensilvania - USA (1)
- Bulgarian Digital Mathematics Library at IMI-BAS (3)
- CentAUR: Central Archive University of Reading - UK (92)
- CiencIPCA - Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal (3)
- Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), India (7)
- Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) (2)
- Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain (37)
- Cor-Ciencia - Acuerdo de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Córdoba (ABUC), Argentina (2)
- CORA - Cork Open Research Archive - University College Cork - Ireland (1)
- Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest (3)
- Dalarna University College Electronic Archive (2)
- Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (8)
- Digital Commons - Montana Tech (1)
- Digital Commons @ DU | University of Denver Research (2)
- Digital Commons at Florida International University (20)
- Digital Peer Publishing (2)
- DigitalCommons - The University of Maine Research (5)
- DigitalCommons@The Texas Medical Center (7)
- Doria (National Library of Finland DSpace Services) - National Library of Finland, Finland (34)
- DRUM (Digital Repository at the University of Maryland) (4)
- Duke University (4)
- Ecology and Society (1)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship Repository (1)
- Institutional Repository of Leibniz University Hannover (1)
- Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal (12)
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada - Lisboa (2)
- Iowa Publications Online (IPO) - State Library, State of Iowa (Iowa), United States (2)
- Martin Luther Universitat Halle Wittenberg, Germany (3)
- Memoria Académica - FaHCE, UNLP - Argentina (6)
- Memorial University Research Repository (3)
- Ministerio de Cultura, Spain (1)
- National Center for Biotechnology Information - NCBI (3)
- Open University Netherlands (2)
- Portal de Revistas Científicas Complutenses - Espanha (1)
- Portal do Conhecimento - Ministerio do Ensino Superior Ciencia e Inovacao, Cape Verde (2)
- Publishing Network for Geoscientific & Environmental Data (41)
- QSpace: Queen's University - Canada (2)
- QUB Research Portal - Research Directory and Institutional Repository for Queen's University Belfast (3)
- ReCiL - Repositório Científico Lusófona - Grupo Lusófona, Portugal (1)
- Repositório Científico da Universidade de Évora - Portugal (1)
- Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal (6)
- Repositório da Produção Científica e Intelectual da Unicamp (9)
- Repositório do Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE, Portugal (1)
- Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (22)
- RUN (Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa) - FCT (Faculdade de Cienecias e Technologia), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Portugal (29)
- SAPIENTIA - Universidade do Algarve - Portugal (1)
- Scielo Saúde Pública - SP (25)
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Mexico (1)
- Universidad de Alicante (4)
- Universidad del Rosario, Colombia (1)
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (20)
- Universidade de Lisboa - Repositório Aberto (1)
- Universidade do Minho (13)
- Universidade dos Açores - Portugal (4)
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP) (1)
- Universidade Federal do Pará (1)
- Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (1)
- Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, Universität Kassel, Germany (3)
- Université de Lausanne, Switzerland (123)
- Université de Montréal, Canada (5)
- University of Connecticut - USA (4)
- University of Michigan (26)
- University of Queensland eSpace - Australia (72)
- University of Washington (3)
- WestminsterResearch - UK (1)
Resumo:
Experimental and clinical data suggest a role of sex steroids in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Scant information is available about the potential effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on the prognosis of the disease. We aimed to evaluate this. The study population consisted of 132 women with relapsing-remitting MS before receiving disease modifying treatment and a mean disease duration 6.2 (SD 5.1) years. Three groups of patients were distinguished according to their OC behavior: [1] never-users, patients who never used OC [2] past-users, patients who stopped OC use before disease onset, and [3] after-users, those who used these drugs after disease onset. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between oral contraceptive use and annualized relapse rates, disability accumulation and severity of the disease. After-user patients had lower Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) values than never users (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) and past users (p=0.010 and p=0.002, respectively). These patients were also more likely to have a benign disease course (MSSS<2.5) than never and past users together (OR: 4.52, 95%CI: 2.13-9.56, p<0.001). This effect remained significant after adjustment for confounders, including smoking and childbirths (OR: 2.97, 95%CI: 1.24, 6.54, p=0.011 and for MSSS β: -1.04; 95% C.I. -1.78, -0.30, p=0.006). These results suggest that OC use in women with relapsing-remitting MS is possible associated with a milder disabling disease course.