Excisão de Pterígio Primário com Autotransplante Conjuntival e Cola Biológica

Introdução: O Pterígio é uma patologia frequente e o seu tratamento cirúrgico é consensualmente aceite. Diferentes opções cirúrgicas e variantes estão descritas: enquanto alguns métodos caíram em desuso pela sua elevada taxa de recidiva, outros foram abandonadas pelos seus custos e complicações associados. A realização de autotransplante conjuntival tornou-se a técnica de eleição e o recurso a cola biológica tornou o procedimento mais fácil e rápido. Apresentamos a nossa experiência com esta técnica e reportamos as vantagens da utilização de cola biológica num estudo prospectivo a 5 anos. Material e métodos: 101 casos de 92 doentes com pterígio primário foram submetidos a autotransplante conjuntival (e limbar se área limbar envolvida superior a 6mm) com recurso a cola biológica de fibrina (Tissucol® / Tisseellyo®) - 94 casos, ou polímero de polietileno glicol (PEG; Ocuseal®) - 7 casos. Objectivo: primário- determinar a taxa de recidiva por tempo de tratamento. Secundários- identificar perda de retalho, retracção conjuntival, complicações cirúrgicas e reacções adversas ao uso de cola biológica. Resultados: A taxa de recidiva foi de 6% (4% no primeiro ano pós-cirurgia). A taxa de perda de retalho foi de 2%, de retracção conjuntival de 17%. Não se observaram complicações cirúrgicas graves nem reacções adversas ao uso de cola biológica. Num caso verificou-se hemorragia conjuntival. Conclusões: A cirurgia de pterígio com autotransplante conjuntival e uso de cola biológica é um procedimento seguro, eficaz e com baixa taxa de recidiva.

Playing With Fire: Decrease in Safe-Sex Attitudes Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in a Portuguese STI Clinic

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) present a major public health concern and a global cause of illness in both industrialized and developing countries. Portugal is no exception, with an increasing incidence of STIs, and one of the highest prevalences of HIV in Europe. Reduced risk perceptions among men who have sex with men (MSM) and a consequent high-risk sexual behaviour have been increasingly reported throughout the world. Objectives: To characterize the population of MSM attending a STI clinic in Lisbon, and to assess practice of condom use among these patients. Methods: Records of all MSM patients who attended the STI clinic from 2008 to 2011 were reviewed to study demographic characteristics, sexual behaviours, and leading diagnoses in this population. Results: Of a total of 389 patients, 108 MSM were identified (27.8%), mostly Portuguese men with high school or above education, aged 17 to 61 years (medium age of 32.4 years). More than half of the patients (52.8%) reported more than one sexual partner in the past 6 months (19.4% more than 5 partners), and only a third consistently used condom. A history of sex with sex workers was mentioned in 9.2%. The most prevalent diagnoses were syphilis (45.6%) and condylomata acuminata (38.9%). The prevalence of HIV infection in this subgroup of patients was significantly higher than in the rest of the population (47.2% vs. 14.9%). Inconsistent condom use increased over the years (36.4% in 2008, 66.7% in 2011), and these patients revealed a greater number of sexual partners than condom users (60.4% vs. 50%). However, 38.9% of condom users presented with early syphilis, suggesting inadequate use of this barrier method. Among HIV patients, almost half of them (49%) had sex with more than one partner in the previous six months, and 47.1% did not use the condom during all sexual practices. Of these, 45.8% were not on antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions: High-risk sexual behaviours (inconsistent use of condom and multiple partners) are increasingly prevalent in this MSM subpopulation, despite previous educational programmes. The high incidence of risk behaviours among HIV infected patients is particularly worrisome, and must be addressed with innovative interventions and population-based prevention strategies.