23 resultados para Thematic coding of visuals


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Grasslands in semi-arid regions, like Mongolian steppes, are facing desertification and degradation processes, due to climate change. Mongolia’s main economic activity consists on an extensive livestock production and, therefore, it is a concerning matter for the decision makers. Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems provide the tools for advanced ecosystem management and have been widely used for monitoring and management of pasture resources. This study investigates which is the higher thematic detail that is possible to achieve through remote sensing, to map the steppe vegetation, using medium resolution earth observation imagery in three districts (soums) of Mongolia: Dzag, Buutsagaan and Khureemaral. After considering different thematic levels of detail for classifying the steppe vegetation, the existent pasture types within the steppe were chosen to be mapped. In order to investigate which combination of data sets yields the best results and which classification algorithm is more suitable for incorporating these data sets, a comparison between different classification methods were tested for the study area. Sixteen classifications were performed using different combinations of estimators, Landsat-8 (spectral bands and Landsat-8 NDVI-derived) and geophysical data (elevation, mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature) using two classification algorithms, maximum likelihood and decision tree. Results showed that the best performing model was the one that incorporated Landsat-8 bands with mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature (Model 13), using the decision tree. For maximum likelihood, the model that incorporated Landsat-8 bands with mean annual precipitation (Model 5) and the one that incorporated Landsat-8 bands with mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature (Model 13), achieved the higher accuracies for this algorithm. The decision tree models consistently outperformed the maximum likelihood ones.

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies

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RESUMO - A qualidade no sistema de saúde é alvo de grande preocupação por parte dos gestores, necessitando encontrar estratégias que conduzam a uma melhoria dos resultados das unidades hospitalares, em simultâneo com a contenção dos custos. O objectivo geral deste trabalho consistiu na avaliação da qualidade na área de obstetrícia nos hospitais públicos de Portugal Continental, através da análise das taxas de complicações pósparto e de readmissões verificando se existem diferenças por instituição hospitalar, volume, acreditação e região nos anos 2008 a 2010. Os dados foram cedidos pela Administração Central do Sistema de Saúde à Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, sendo seleccionados os episódios nos GDH 370 a 375 e 650 a 652. Foram analisados 243 686 episódios, verificando-se que a taxa de incidência de complicações é superior nos partos por cesariana, comparativamente com os partos vaginais (1,66% e 1,03%, respectivamente). Os hospitais com maior volume de procedimentos e não acreditados evidenciam maiores taxas de complicação. A taxa de readmissão a 30 dias foi também superior na cesariana comparativamente ao parto vaginal (0,42% e 0,73%, respectivamente). Os hospitais com menor volume de procedimentos e acreditados, regra geral, são os que evidenciam as maiores taxas de readmissão. De salientar que as reduzidas taxas de complicações pós-parto verificadas poderão ser explicadas por diferenças na codificação dos diagnósticos secundários entre hospitais. Podem ainda existir diferenças aqui não consideradas entre os doentes tratados em cada instituição. Os dados apresentados permitem ter um melhor conhecimento acerca da qualidade no tratamento dos casos de obstetrícia nos hospitais públicos em Portugal Continental, dando indicações para a tomada de decisão em gestão em saúde.

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Fado was listed as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2011. This dissertation describes a theoretical model, as well as an automatic system, able to generate instrumental music based on the musics and vocal sounds typically associated with fado’s practice. A description of the phenomenon of fado, its musics and vocal sounds, based on ethnographic, historical sources and empirical data is presented. The data includes the creation of a digital corpus, of musical transcriptions, identified as fado, and statistical analysis via music information retrieval techniques. The second part consists in the formulation of a theory and the coding of a symbolic model, as a proof of concept, for the automatic generation of instrumental music based on the one in the corpus.

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The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is a human pathogen of major public health significance. Strains can be classified into 15 main serovars (A to L3) that preferentially cause ocular infections (A-C), genital infections (D-K) or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (L1-L3), but the molecular basis behind their distinct tropism, ecological success and pathogenicity is not welldefined. Most chlamydial research demands culture in eukaryotic cell lines, but it is not known if stains become laboratory adapted. By essentially using genomics and transcriptomics, we aimed to investigate the evolutionary patterns underlying the adaptation of C. trachomatis to the different human tissues, given emphasis to the identification of molecular patterns of genes encoding hypothetical proteins, and to understand the adaptive process behind the C. trachomatis in vivo to in vitro transition. Our results highlight a positive selection-driven evolution of C. trachomatis towards nichespecific adaptation, essentially targeting host-interacting proteins, namely effectors and inclusion membrane proteins, where some of them also displayed niche-specific expression patterns. We also identified potential "ocular-specific" pseudogenes, and pointed out the major gene targets of adaptive mutations associated with LGV infections. We further observed that the in vivo-derived genetic makeup of C. trachomatis is not significantly compromised by its long-term laboratory propagation. In opposition, its introduction in vitro has the potential to affect the phenotype, likely yielding virulence attenuation. In fact, we observed a "genital-specific" rampant inactivation of the virulence gene CT135, which may impact the interpretation of data derived from studies requiring culture. Globally, the findings presented in this Ph.D. thesis contribute for the understanding of C.trachomatis adaptive evolution and provides new insights into the biological role of C. trachomatishypothetical proteins. They also launch research questions for future functional studies aiming toclarify the determinants of tissue tropism, virulence or pathogenic dissimilarities among C. trachomatisstrains.

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Dissertation presented to obtain a Ph.D. degree in Biology, speciality Microbiology, by Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

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Thesis submitted to the Instituto Superior de Estatística e Gestão de Informação da Universidade Nova de Lisboa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Management – Geographic Information Systems

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

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Dissertation presented in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology (Molecular Genetics) at the Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

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Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Biology

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

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Project work presented as a partial requirement to obtain a Master Degree in Information Management

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Relatório de Estágio de Mestrado em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais Globalização e Ambiente